KAUR, Upmehak

BSPT-3B

Application of Ergonomics – Design for Individual Differences

What are the effects of aging on function?

As you age, changes happen in the musculoskeletal system of your body. Older people
tend to lose bone mass or density, the trunk becomes shorter as the IV disks of the
vertebrae gradually become thinner. The joints go through degenerative process
especially, at the hip and knee, becoming stiff and less flexible. Furthermore, the
muscles mass, strength, and tone tend to decrease. These factors affect the posture
and walking of the elderly leading to weakened and slowed function of the whole body.

What are you going to do to minimize the effects of aging on function?

One of the most important techniques to minimize the effects of aging on function is
probably physical activity. Regular exercise helps in retaining the mobility of a person
longer. Muscle strengthening exercises are not only excellent for targeting the muscles,
but also the bony structures such as the joints and bones because increase in muscle
strength help the bony structures to become stabilized as well. Apart from physical
activity, the elderly must mind eating a healthy diet and work on their mental health to
properly function.

Can the principles of ergonomics be applied to leisure, recreation, and activities of

choice?
Yes, the principles of ergonomics can be applied to recreational activities. For instance,
a person’s recreational activity is to roam around the park and sit down for a few
minutes to write before leaving. The properties used for the raw materials of the
benches or chairs are properly thought of in consideration of the heat conductivity,
slipperiness, surface texture etc. The height of the benches and distance between the
tables and benches were considered to fit the variety of population. The width of the
passageway was taken into account for the foot bridges in the park to accommodate
groups of people and PWD.