ANSWER KEY

Class: 11 Worksheet Number: 11/PHY/CH07/AK 1

Subject: Physics Chapter: SYSTEM OF PARTICLES AND ROTATIONAL MOTION

SECTION A (1 Mark Question)

1. No the radius of gyration of a body depends upon

a. Axis of rotation
b. Distribution of mass of body about axis.
2. Centre of mass of a uniform cube is located at the point of intersection of the diagonals.
3. The center of mass of a system of two particles lies on the line joining the particles.
4. A rigid body is said to be in equilibrium if
n

∑ F i=0 Total translational force = zero &

i=1
n

∑ τ i=0 Total torque = zero

i=1
5. It is the average of the position vectors of the particles
(2 marks questions)
6. The centre of mass of a uniform triangular lamina lies at the centroid where the median of
triangular lamina intersect.

7. I = mr 2
Unit = K gm2
Dimension - M 1 L2 T 0
Moment of inertia is neither scalar nor vector, it is a TENSOR quantity
8.

I = I 1+ I 2
2 2
= m1 x +m2 ( r −x )
= m1 x 2 +m2 r 2 +m2 x2 −2m2 rx
9.

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 ANSWER KEY
Class: 11 Worksheet Number: 11/PHY/CH07/AK 1
Subject: Physics Chapter: SYSTEM OF PARTICLES AND ROTATIONAL MOTION

Earth is a solid sphere

M = 1025 kg , R=6400 km=6400 x 103=(64 x 10 5)2

i) About diameter
2 2
I= MR
5
2 25
= x 10 x(64 x 105)2
10. 5 If
..˙ I diameter = 1.6384 x 1038 kg m2
ii) About tangent

By parallel axes theorem

I tangent = I diameter + MR 2
2 2 2 7 2
= MR + MR = MR
5 5
= 5734.4 x 1038
..˙ I tangent = 5734.4 x 1038kgm2
external force acting on a system is zero, its linear momentum is conserved.
(3 marks questions)
11. m1 = 1 gm, m2 = 2 gm, r = 1 cm.
m1 ( x 1 , y 1) = (0,0)
m2 ( x 2 , y 2) = (1,0)

m1 x 1 , +m 2 x 2 1 x 0+2 x 1 2
X cm = = =
m1 +m 2 , 1+2 3
2
y cm = 0 ..˙ Centre of mass is at ( , 0 ¿
3
1 1
12. i) I= MR2 = x 700 x 102
2 2
..˙ I = 35000 gcm 2
2
MR
ii) M.I. about diameter of disc = =17500 gcm 2
4
MR2 2 5 2 2
iii) M.I. about tangent = + MR = MR =87500 gmcm
4 4
3 2 2
iv) M.I. about tangent 1 as to plan of disc = MR =10500 gmcm
2
13.

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 ANSWER KEY
Class: 11 Worksheet Number: 11/PHY/CH07/AK 1
Subject: Physics Chapter: SYSTEM OF PARTICLES AND ROTATIONAL MOTION

SECTION B (1 mark question)

14. Yes, when the body has uniform mass density
15. Yes, for example, centre of mass of a uniform ring lies at its centre where there is no mass.
16. If solar ice caps of earth melt, the days would get slightly longer. This is because the liquid
water would distribute more evenly around the globe than being all near the poles. So the
earth’s moment of inertia will increase and since angular momentum is conserved, the period
of rotation increases.
17. No, mass of a body cannot be taken to be concentrates at the centre of mass for calculating
rotational inertias as this would change distribution of mass around the axis or point of
rotation.
18. A boat will capsize if a person stands up because when we sit or lie down our weight is within
the volume and the boat and centre of mass of man + boat, is inside the boat. When the person
stands the centre of mass get displaced. So the boat may capsize.
(2 marks questions)
19. Rotational analogue of mass is moment of inertia.
Moment of inertia of a rigid body about a given axis of rotation is the sum of the products of the
masses of the various particles and the squares of their perpendicular distance from the axis of
rotation.
I=MR2
2 2
20. I = MR
3
21. Moment of inertia depends upon.
i) Position and orientation of axis of rotation
ii) Distribution of mass of body about axis
iii) Shape and size of body
22. The sphere of metal with smaller density shall be bigger in size and hence it will have larger
moment of inertia.
23. Bothe balls reach the bottom simultaneously ‘g’ is independent of mass.
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 ANSWER KEY
Class: 11 Worksheet Number: 11/PHY/CH07/AK 1
Subject: Physics Chapter: SYSTEM OF PARTICLES AND ROTATIONAL MOTION

(3 marks questions)
24.

m1 x 1+ m 2 x 2+ m3 m 3
X cm=
m1 +m2+ m3

1 x 1+ 2 x 0+3 x 2
= m1 x 1+ m2 x2 +m3 m3
1+ 2+ 3 Y cm =
m1+ m2 +m3
7
..˙ X cm =
6 1 x 2+ 2 x (−1 )+ 3 x (−3) −3
= =
1+2+3 2

−3
Ycm =
2

7 3
Ans ( ,− ¿
6 2
25. a)When masses are moving in same direction
m v +m v 2 x 3+3 x 5 21
V cm = 1 1 2 2 = = = 4.2 m/s
m1 +m 2 2+3 5
b) When masses are moving in opposite direction
m v +m v 2 x 3+3 x(−5) 9
V cm = 1 1 2 2 = =- = -1.8 m/s
m1 +m 2 2+3 5
26. L = Constant
Iω = Constant
Therefore I 1 ω 1=I 2 ω 2
2 2 2π
(I = MR , ω= )
5 T
2
5
M R1
2
2 2π
T1 ( )
2
2
= M R2
5
2 2π
T2 ( )
R 1 R2
=
T1 T2

T 2=T 1 x
R2 2
R1 ( )
=T 1 x
2 2
1 ()
=4 T 1=4 x 27

T 2=108 days .
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 ANSWER KEY
Class: 11 Worksheet Number: 11/PHY/CH07/AK 1
Subject: Physics Chapter: SYSTEM OF PARTICLES AND ROTATIONAL MOTION

Section C
(1 marks questions)
27. In a flywheel, most of the mass is concentrated at the rim which increases its moment of
inertia. Flywheel resists the sudden increase or decrease in speed of the vehicle. It allow a
gradual change in the speed and prevents jerky motion, ensuring a smooth ride for the
passengers on the vehicle.
28. I= mr 2=mass x (distance )2
The moment of inertia will be larger for the satellite whose r is greater.
29. When a ballet dancer or ice skater rotates with the arms and legs stretched outwards. Moment
of inertia increases and angular velocity decreases. (L=IW=Constant as τ eaternal=o ¿ .When
she folds her arms and brings the stretched leg close to the other leg. Her moment of inertia
decreases and hence her angular velocity increases.
30. L = Iω= constant
Moment of inertia (I) decreases on account of decrease in distance as most of the air from
nearly regions get concentrated in a small space. Therefore (ω), Angular velocity increases to
alarmingly high values
31. Yes, the moment of inertia changes with the change in axis of rotation. (as it depends upon
orientation of axis of rotation)
(2 marks questions)
32. I = Iω
2 2 2
1 1I ω 1L
K.E. = I ω 2= −
2 2 I 2 I
L = constant
1
K.E.∝
I
I A> I B
..(
˙ K . E .) A <(K . E .) B
33. Let r A ∧r B be theradius of discs A∧B. Mass ( m )∧thickness ( t ) are the same .
m=( πr A )t x d A =( πr B )t x d B (mass=volume x density)
2 2

2
rA dB
2
=
rB
dA
1 2
mr 2
I A 2 A r A dB
= = 2=
IB 1 2 rB dA
mr
2 B
As d A > d B
I B> I A
34. ⃗
A.⃗ B = AB cosθ = 100 x 50 x cos300 =2500 √ 3 N
|⃗A . ⃗B| = AB sin θ = 100 x 50 x sin 300 =2500 N

| |
l^ ^j k^
35. ⃗
Ax⃗ B = 3 −1 2 =8 l−8 ^ ^j−8 k^
2 −2 4
|⃗A . ⃗B| =√ 82 +¿ ¿
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 ANSWER KEY
Class: 11 Worksheet Number: 11/PHY/CH07/AK 1
Subject: Physics Chapter: SYSTEM OF PARTICLES AND ROTATIONAL MOTION

Vector
Unit vector =
its magnitude
⃗
AxB ⃗
=
|⃗A . ⃗B|
^
8 l−8 ^j−8 k^
=
8 √3
^l− ^j −k^
=
√3
36. I=mr 2

( )
2
4 x 10−10
= 2 x 1.7 x10−27
2
−46 2
= 1 .36 x 10 kgm
37. Radius of gyration = MR 2
For ring, moment of inertia is MR 2
Hence, K=R
1 2
M.I. for disc = MR
2
R
..˙ K=
√2
R
( M . I .) Ring = √ 2 :1
..˙ = R
( M . I . ) disc
√2
(3 marks questions)

38. Consider two particles of mass m 1and m2 lying at points A and B along x axis. Lt x 1and x 2be
their respective distance from origin O. Then, the centre of mass of these two particles is at
point C, whose distance x from the origin is given by.

m1 x 1+ m2 x 2
x=
m1+¿ m ¿2

let⃗
r 1 and ⃗
r 2 be their positional vectors w.r.t the origin C of the coordinate axes. Then the position
vector ⃗ R of the centre of mass C is given by

m1 ⃗
r 1 +m2 r⃗2
⃗
R=
m1+¿m ¿ 2

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 ANSWER KEY
Class: 11 Worksheet Number: 11/PHY/CH07/AK 1
Subject: Physics Chapter: SYSTEM OF PARTICLES AND ROTATIONAL MOTION

39.

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 ANSWER KEY
Class: 11 Worksheet Number: 11/PHY/CH07/AK 1
Subject: Physics Chapter: SYSTEM OF PARTICLES AND ROTATIONAL MOTION

40. Since the rope doesn’t slip on the pulley, the linear speed V of the rim of the pulley is same as
the speed of the bucket.
The angular velocity of the pulley is then.
v 20 cm/ s
ω= = =2rad/s
r 10 cm
and angular acceleration of the pulley is
2
a 4.0 m/s
∝= = = 40 rad/s
r 10 cm
m1 v 1 +m2 v 2
41. V cm =¿
m1+¿ m ¿
2

m(2 v)+m(−v)
=
2m
v
=
2