Home Security Alarm Circuit

We need safety and security for our valuable things, to protect our property simple
and robust security alarm circuit designed by using easily available components.
home security alarm circuit produce highly audible buzzer beep sound when the laser
light blocked. Here LDR placed to sense the light from the led or laser.

Parts

1. Transistor
2. Resistor
3. Led
4. Ldt
5. 9v battery
6. Switch
7. Buzzer
8. pcb
Construction & Working
Two NPN (BC548) transistors implemented in this security alarm circuit as a
switching device. LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) connected to the base
terminal of Q2 transistor through R4 resistor this LDR gives low resistance
when the laser light falls on it and gives high resistance when there is no laser
light due to that supply voltage to the Q2 transistor varies depends on the LDR
resistance.
The Q1 transistor collector terminal is connected with buzzer and
Indicator LED and then base terminal of Q1 transistor connected to the Q2
transistor collector terminal. Each transistor needs some threshold voltage to get
turn ON, If the laser light falls on LDR it allows supply to the Q2 base hence it
becomes turn ON  so the Q1 transistor base don’t get any bias, due to that Q1 
transistor stays in OFF condition so the buzzer and LED also in OFF condition.
When the laser light blocked then LDR turned to high resistance and there is no
voltage flow to the Q2 transistor base so the Q2 becomes turned OFF but Q1
transistor base gets supply through R3 resistor and Q1 gets turned ON, so the buzzer
and LED also gets turn ON and gives alert sound and Indication