Introduction

AC power is available at low cost. DC power is more expensive to produce; therefore a

method of changing ac to dc is needed as an inexpensive dc source. AC power can be
converted to DC power using rectifiers When ac power is converted to dc power using
rectifiers, dc output contains un wanted alternating current components known as ripple.
Many rectifier applications need that the ripple do not exceed a specified value. If the
ripple exceeds the specified value, different unwanted effects appear in the system. Some
of the unwanted effects are stray heating and audible noise. The ripple can be reduced
using an output filter

There are two types of single-phase full-wave rectifier, namely, full-wave rectifiers with
center-tapped transformer and bridge rectifiers (Rashid, 2011). The outputs of
the two half-wave rectifiers are combined to produce full-wave rectification in the load.
As far as the transformer is concerned, the dc currents of the two half-wave rectifiers are
equal and opposite, such that there is no dc current for creating a transformer core
saturation problem

Objective
- Construct and observe the wave Form and preforms and paramita of single-
phase full wave uncontrolled diode
- Know the effective of the capacitor on the output voltage
- Simulate the circuit by the MATLAP Software

Methodology
Component

Component Description
AC power supply 220 V
Multimeter 2
Power silicon Diode 4
Resistor 3 (100 Ω)
Inductor lead 2(50 uH)
Capacitor 3 (4uF, 8uF,16uF)
Oscilloscope 1
Connection diagram
1- Resistive Load
Connection

2- Resistive Load with

inductive load

3- Resistive load with inductive and capacitive

Experiment process
- Make Sure the power supply is off when connected the circuits with capacitor or
Resistive Load
- First connect the Resistive Load and See the output of the signal
- After taken the Resistive Measurement we shall add the inductive to the circuit
and study the output signal
- At last we add the capacitive, we start with 4,8,22 at last 24 MicroFarad
Result
1. The load is Resistor
Measured Value Calculated value Error
Vm V V 0%

Vdc 39 V 40.5 V 3.85 %

Vd rms 18 V 20.33 V 12.94 %
Id rms 0.51 A 0.61 A 19.6 %
Io dc 1.12 A 1.22 A 0.826

2. The load is Resistor and Inductor

Measured Value Calculated value Error

Vm V V 0%

Vdc 38.8 V 40.5 V 4.38 %

Vrms 19 V
Io rms 0.18 A
Io dc 1.06 A 1.22 A 15.09 %

3. The load is capacitor, Resistor, and Inductor

4 µF 8 µF 16 µF 28 µF
Vm √ V √ V √ V 45×√2 V

Vdc 45.5 V 49.3 V 54 V 57.6 V

Vrms 14.4 V 10.7 V 7V 4.6 V
LAB Curve Result
Curve From MATLAB Simulation
1- Pure Resistive Load

2- Resistive with inductive load

3- Resistive with inductive and capacitive load

24
µF
Discussion:

- pure resistive
The load current flows during both halves of the bridge rectifier's full-wave cycle.
The average and RMS voltage and current values are identical to those for the
full-wave center-tap scenario (theoretically). The waveform of the voltage across
the diode must, however, only survive a reverse voltage of Vm

- with inductive load

The average current is still the same as indicated by equation even though the
load current no longer consists of half sine waves: Io(avg)=2Vm/pi*R.
The output voltage seems to recover quickly. depending on how much L is

- with capacitor load

We sought to lessen the ripples by adding the capacitor, but because the
capacitor values were low, the effect of the capacitor did not show up on the
waveform.
Conclusion
o Because they are more effective than half-wave rectifiers, full-wave rectifiers are
most frequently utilized in the rectification process.
o It is possible to build full-wave rectifiers using bridge diodes or a center-tap
transformer. While the bridge-diode rectifier used two diodes for conduction,
the center-tap rectifier only required one.
o The size and price of the center-tap full-wave rectifier are increased by the usage
of a two-winding transformer. While a bridge-diode rectifier employs two diodes
at once, resulting in a double forward voltage drop and the inclusion of a non-
linear device, for rectification.
o A full-wave rectifier's average voltage, or DC voltage, is 0.636 times its peak
voltage, or double the voltage of a half-wave rectifier. In the end, the power
output is quadrupled.
References
Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier (Uncontrolled) - Working, Construction, With Resistive load, With Inductive
Load | D&E notes (daenotes.com)
Full Wave Rectifier : Circuit Diagram, Types, Working & Its Applications (elprocus.com)
Full Wave Rectifier - Definition, Circuit Construction, Working, Advantages (byjus.com)