INTRODUCTION TO

TRANSPORT
Objectives:
- To recall the processes involved in cellular transport (F3 Bio)
- To explain the need for transport systems in living organisms
- To identify the materials which need to be transported in plants and
animals

Form 4 Biology
2020-2021: 2nd term (online)
Dr. S. Ali
F3 BIOLOGY REVIEW – CELLULAR PROCESSES
 The cellular processes involved in transport are:
 Diffusion
 Osmosis
 Active Transport

 Q1: Define each of these terms.

 Q2: Briefly explain the importance of these processes to
living organisms.
THE IMPORTANCE OF TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
 Transport across membranes are important:
 To obtain useful substances
 To remove harmful/waste substances

 Q3: Identify the useful materials required by living

organisms.
 Q4: Identify the waste materials produced by living
organisms.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE TRANSPORT OF
SUBSTANCES IN LIVING ORGANISMS
 Two factors affect the transport of substances in living
organisms:
 The limitations of simple diffusion
 The surface area to volume ratio

 Q3: Does an Amoeba and a human being transport

materials in the same way? Explain.
 TYPES OF LIVING ORGANISMS
 UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS
 Small
 Large surface area to volume ratio
 Transport by simple diffusion
 No part of the organism is far from its surface, substances
move over short distances
 No transport system needed
 TYPES OF LIVING ORGANISMS
 MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS
 Large
 Small surface area to volume ratio
 Transport by simple diffusion is not sufficient
 Most of the organism’s body is far from the surface
 Have transport systems (specialised organs and tissues)
 RATIO – SURFACE AREA : VOLUME

The larger the cube, the _______________ the surface area:volume ratio?
TRANSPORT IN MULTICELLULAR
ORGANISMS
 Transport system in Plants:
 Flowering plants (xylem and phloem)

 Transport system in Animals:

 Humans (blood circulatory system)