Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S.

Beniwal (9990301165)

SOLUTION OF CA INTER ADVANCE

ACCOUNTING – MAY 19(New Syllabus)

CA P.S. Beniwal
CA P. S. Beniwal Faculty of CA Inter-Accounting and Advance Accounting
CA Final-Financial Reporting & Global FRS
 MOST TRUSTED NAME IN NEW SYLLABUS
 Member of IND AS Implementation Committee of ICAI
 Visiting faculty of ICAI.
 Member of, “Research Study Group of Board of Study of NIRC of ICAI”
 Awarded by Vice president of ICAI and Chairman of NIRC for,
“COMMENDABLE CONTRIBUTION IN ACTIVITIES OF THE
PROFESSION.”

Disclaimer Clause:
1. The solution are prepared by CA P.S. Beniwal self views and answer provided
may be different from that would be provided by ICAI due to difference in
assumption taken in support of the answer. In such case answer provided by
Institute is deemed as final.
2. The answers are prepared by CA P.S. Beniwal with a view to assist the students
in their education. While due care is taken in preparation of the answers, if any
errors or omissions are noticed, then suggestion is most welcomed and the same
will be considered if found appropriate. We are not in any way responsible for
the correctness or otherwise of the answers published herein.

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Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

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ABOUT THE AUTHOR

CA P S Beniwal (Member of IND AS Implementation Committee of ICAI) is commerce

graduate from Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra. He qualified Chartered Accountancy
course in November 2007 and Associate Member in November 2008. He passed in first
attempt at PE-II and Final level. He has the expertise in the field of Risk Advisory, Assurance
and Auditing. He did various big audits such as IFFCO, IMCL, IREDA, IOCL, Bhusan Steel etc
as team leader. He has the vast experience of the Accounting Standards and IND AS issues.
He is awarded by Vice-president of ICAI and Chairman of NIRC for, “COMMENDABLE
CONTRIBUTION IN ACTIVITIES OF THE PROFESSION” as on 18 th February 2012 in Hotel
Lemerdian, New Delhi.
He has attended more than 30,000 students. He is the visiting faculty of ICAI.. He was also
the member of, “Research Study Group of Board of Study of NIRC of ICAI 2010-
11”. He is author of the following books (Only for classes taken by CA P.S. Beniwal), (i) CA
Final – Financial Reporting (ii) CA Final – Global Financial Reporting Standards (iii) Inter –
Accounting (iv) Inter - Advance Accounting.

At present he is consultant and academician and teaching at:

MENTORS INSTITUTE OF COMMERCE
D-223/4, First Floor, above Gupta Book Store, Opposite Metro station, Laxmi Nagar, Delhi-92

PHONE : 9990301165,8076260259, 8376056558

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 Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

COVERAGE OF EXAM FROM THE BOOKS OF CA P.S. BENIWAL

Question Marks Chapter Question no and page number of Book
No. in
Exam
1 (a) 5 AS-7 Similar Question 20 of AS – 7 from chapter 13
at Page no. B.5
&
Similar Question 6 of AS – 7 from chapter 13 at
Page no. B.2
(b) 5 AS-9 Similar Question 12 of AS – 9 from Chapter 13
at Page no. C.5
(c) 5 AS – 19 Similar Question 1 of AS – 19 from Chapter 13
at Page no. E.1
(d) 5 AS-18 Similar Question 4 of AS – 18 from Chapter 13
at Page no. D.1 and Example covered in Class
2 (a) 10 Buy- Back of Similar Question 6 of Chapter 10 at Page no.
Equity Shares 10.3
(b) 10 Underwriting of Similar Question 17 of Chapter 8 at Page no. 8.5
shares and
debentures
3 (a) 10 Amalgamation, Similar Question 36 of Chapter 11 at Page no.
Absorption and 11.18
External
Reconstruction
(b) 10 Liquidation of Similar Question 3 of Chapter 7 at Page no. 7.1
Companies
4 (a) 10 Banking Similar Question 11 and 41 of Chapter 2 at Page
Company no. 2.3 and 2.11
(b) 5 NBFC Similar Question 5 of Chapter 3 at Page no. 3.2
(c) 5 Insurance Similar Question 4 of Chapter 1 at Page no. 1.2
Company
5 (a) 10 Consolidated Similar Question 17 of Chapter 6 at Page no. 6.6
Financial
Statement/
Holding Co.
(b) 10 Valuation Similar Question 18 of Chapter 5 at Page no. 5.8
6(a) 5 Amalgamation, Theory question as written on first page of copy
Absorption and in chapter 11
External
Reconstruction
(b) 5 ESOP Similar Question 3 of Chapter 9 at Page no. 9.1
(c) 5 Valuation A little part of Question 12 of Chapter 5 at Page
no. 5.5
(d) 5 Mutual Fund Similar Question 12 of Chapter 4 at Page no. 4.3
(e) 5 AS-1 General Question

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 Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

1.
(a)
(i) AP Ltd., a construction contractor, undertakes the construction of commercial complex for Kay Ltd. AP Ltd. submitted
separate proposals for each of 3 units of commercial complex. A single agreement is entered into between the two parties.
The agreement lays down the value of each of the 3 units, i.e. Rs. 50 Lakh, Rs. 60 Lakh and Rs. 75 Lakh respectively.
Agreement also lays down the completion time for each unit.
Comment, with reference to AS-7, whether AP Ltd., should treat it as a single contract or three separate contracts.

Solution:
Provision of Accounting Standard(AS) – 7 As per AS 7 ‘Construction Contracts’, when a contract covers a number of
assets, the construction of each asset should be treated as a separate construction contract when:
(a) separate proposals have been submitted for each asset;
(b) each asset has been subject to separate negotiation and the contractor and customer have been able to accept or reject
that part of the contract relating to each asset; and
(c) the costs and revenues of each asset can be identified.

In the given case, each unit is submitted as a separate proposal, which can be separately negotiated, and costs and revenues
thereof can be separately identified. Hence, each asset will be treated as a “single contract” even if there is one single
agreement for contracts.
Therefore, three separate contract accounts must be recorded and maintained in the books of AP Ltd. For each contract,
principles of revenue and cost recognition must be applied separately and net income will be determined for each asset as
per AS 7.

(ii) On 1st December, 2017, GR Construction Co. Ltd. undertook a contract to construct a building for 45 lakhs. On 31 st March,
2018, the company found that it had already spent Rs. 32.50 lakhs on the construction. Additional cost of completion is
estimated at Rs. 15.10 lakhs. What amount should be charged to revenue in the final accounts for the year ended 31" March,
2018 as per provisions of AS-7?

Solution: As per AS-7, “Construction Contracts” profit/loss to be taken to profit & Loss Account and additional
provision for foreseeable loss is calculated as follows:-
(i) Calculation of % of Completion:-
x100

, ,
X 100 = 68.28%
, , , ,

(ii) Calculation of revenue to be recognized

Contract Price X % of Stage of completion
= 45,00,000 X 68.28 %
= 30,72,600

(iii) Calculation of loss recognised on contract

Contract Revenue recognised 30,72,600
Less:- Total cost incurred (32,50,000)
1,77,400

(iv) Calculation of total expected loss on contract

Contract Price 45,00,000
Less:- Total estimated cost to be incurred (47,60,000)
Total Expected loss on contract 2,60,000

(v) Calculation of provision for expected loss:-

Total Expected loss on contract 2,60,000
Less: Total loss recognised on contract (1,77,400)
Provision for expected loss 82,600
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 Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

(vi) Loss of Rs. 2,60,000 (1,77,400 + 82,600) is be to recognized immediately by debiting into profit & loss account.

(b) Given below are the following information's of M/s B.S. Ltd.
(i) Goods of Z Rs. 50,000 were sold on 18-03-2018 but at the request of the buyer these were delivered on 15-04-2018.
(ii) On 13-01-2018 goods of Rs. 1,25,000 were sent on consignment basis of which 20% of the goods unsold are lying with
the consignee as on 31-03-2018.
(iii) Rs. 1,00,000 worth of goods were sold on approval basis 01-12-2017. The period of approval was 3 months after which
they were considered sold. Buyer sent approval for 75% goods up to 31-01-2018 and no approval or disapproval
received for the remaining goods till 31-03-2018.
You are required to advise the accountant of M/s B.S. Ltd., with valid 'reasons, the amount to be recognized as revenue for
the year ended 31st March, 2018 in above cases in the context of AS-9.

Solution:
(i) Provision of Accounting Standard(AS) – 9: As per AS-9, “Revenue recognition” In a transaction involving the sale
of goods, performance should be regarded as being achieved when the following conditions have been fulfilled:
a. the seller of goods has transferred to the buyer the property in the goods for a price or all significant risks and
rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer and the seller retains no effective control of the goods
transferred to a degree usually associated with ownership; and
b. no significant uncertainty exists regarding the amount of the consideration that will be derived from the sale of the
goods.

Further as per Point 1 of Appendix of AS-9 Revenue should be recognised notwithstanding that physical delivery has
not been completed so long as there is every expectation that delivery will be made. However, the item must be on
hand, identified and ready for delivery to the buyer at the time the sale is recognised rather than there being simply an
intention to acquire or manufacture the goods in time for delivery.

(ii) In the given question treatment will be as follows:-

Particulars Amount(Rs.)
Case I:- Sale is recorded because Risk and Rewards has been transferred. 50,000
Case II:- Sale should be recorded upto 80% (1,25,000*80%) 1,00,000
Case III:- Since period of approval has expired so whole sale should be recorded. 1,00,000
Total Revenue to be recognized 2,50,000

(c) Jaya Ltd. took a machine on lease from Deluxe Ltd., the fair value being Z Rs. 11,50,000. Economic life of the machine as
well as lease term is 4 years. At the end of each year, lessee pays Rs. 3,50,000 to lessor. Jaya Ltd. has guaranteed a residual
value of Rs. 70,000 on expiry of the lease to Deluxe Ltd., however Deluxe Ltd. estimates that residual value will be only Rs.
25,000. The implicit rate of return is 10% p.a. and present value factors at 10% are : 0.909, 0.826, 0.751 and 0.683 at the
end of 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th year respectively.
Calculate the value of machinery to be considered by Jaya Ltd. and the value of the lease liability as per AS - 19.

Solution: As per AS-19, “Lease” the value of machinery and the value of the lease liability will be lower of the following
two:-
(i) Fair value of leased asset = Rs. 11,50,000; or
(ii) Present value of minimum lease payment from point view of lessee = Rs. 11,56,950
Calculation of Present value of minimum lease payment from point view of lessee
Year Ended Minimum Lease Payment Internal rate of return Present value
(Discount rate @ 10%)
1 3,50,000 0.909 3,18,150
2 3,50,000 0.826 2,89,100
3 3,50,000 0.751 2,62,850
4 3,50,000 0.683 2,39,050
GRV 70,000 0.683 47,810
Total 11,56,950
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 Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

Therefore, value of machinery to be considered by Jaya Ltd. and the value of the lease liability is Rs. 11,50,000.

(d) Identify the related parties in the following cases as per AS-18
(i) Maya Ltd. holds 61% shares of Sheetal Ltd.
Sheetal Ltd. holds 51% shares of Fair Ltd.
Care Ltd. holds 49% shares of Fair Ltd.
(Give your answer Reporting Entity wise for Maya Ltd., She etal Ltd., Care Ltd. and Fair Ltd.)

(ii) Mr. Subhash Kumar is Managing Director of A Ltd. and also holds 72% capital of B Ltd.(B Ltd. is subsidiary of A Ltd.)

Solution:
(i) As Per AS-18, “Related Party Disclosure”

Reporting entity - Maya Ltd.

 Sheetal Ltd. (subsidiary) is a related party

 Fair Ltd.(subsidiary) is a related party

Reporting entity- Sheetal Ltd.

 Maya Ltd. (holding company) is a related party

 Fair Ltd. (subsidiary) is a related party

Reporting entity- Fair Ltd.

 Maya Ltd. (holding company) is a related party

 Sheetal Ltd. (holding company) is a related party
 Care Ltd. (investor/ investing party) is a related party

Reporting entity- Care Ltd.

 Fair Ltd. (associate) is a related party

(ii) As per Para 3e of AS- 18, ““Related Party Disclosure” Enterprises over which any person described in (c) or (d) is
able to exercise significant influence. This includes enterprises owned by directors or major shareholders of the reporting
enterprise and enterprises that have a member of key management in common with the reporting enterprise.
In the given all parties are related to each other.

2.
(a) Following is the summarized Balance Sheet of Super Ltd. as on 31st March, 2018.

Liabilities In Rs.
Share Capital
Equity Shares of Rs. 10 each fully paid up 17,00,000
Reserves & Surplus
Revenue Reserve 23,50,000
Securities Premium 2,50,000
Profit & Loss Account 2,00,000
Infrastructure Development Reserve 1,50,000
Secured Loan
9% Debentures 22,50,000
Unsecured Loan 8,50,000
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Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

Current Maturities of Long term borrowings 15,50,000

93,00,000
Assets
Fixed Assets
Tangible Assets 58,50,000
Current Assets
Current Assets 34,50,000
_ 93,00,000

Super Limited wants to buy back 35,000 equity shares of Rs. 10 each fully paid up on 1st April, 2018 at Rs. 30 per share.
Buy Back of shares is fully authorised by its articles and necessary resolutions have been passed by the company towards
this. The payment for buy back of shares will be made by the company out of sufficient bank balance available as part of the
Current Assets.
Comment with calculations, whether the Buy Back of shares by the company is within the provisions of the Companies Act,
2013.
Solution: As per section 68(1) of the Companies Act 2013, maximum buy back of Equity shares by the company, shall be
lower of the following three:

(i) Shares Outstanding Test

Particulars (Shares)
Number of shares outstanding 1,70,000
25% of the shares outstanding 42,500

(ii) Resources Test

Particulars Rs.
Paid up capital 17,00,000
Free reserves (23,50,000 + 2,50,000 + 2,00,000) 28,00,000
Shareholders’ funds 45,00,000
25% of Shareholders fund 11,25,000
Buy back price per share 30
Number of shares that can be bought back (shares) 37,500

(iii) Post Buy Back Debt Equity Ratio Test

Particulars Rs.
Total Debt(22,50,000 + 8,50,000 + 15,50,000) 46,50,000
Minimum equity to be maintained
after buy back in the ratio of 2:1 23,25,000
Present equity shareholders fund 45,00,000
Maximum permitted buy back of Equity (W.N. 1) 16,31,250
Maximum number of shares that can
be bought back @ Rs. 30 per share (Rs. 16,31,250 / Rs. 30) 54,375
or
(Rs. 5,43,750 / Rs. 10)

Maximum buy back of equity share is 37,500 Equity Shares.

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Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

In the given question company can make a buy back of 35,000 Equity shares, as it is within the provisions of the
Companies Act, 2013.

Working Note:
1. As per Section 68 of the Companies Act 2013, the ratio of debt owed by the company should not be more than twice
the capital and its free reserve after such buy-back. Also as per the section, on buy-back of shares out of free reserves a
sum equal to the nominal value of the share bought back shall be transferred to Capita Redemption Reserve (CRR). As
per Company Act. 2013, utilization of CRR is restricted to issuance of fully paid-up bonus shares only. It means CRR
is not available for distribution as dividend. Hence, CRR is not a free reserve. Therefore, for calculation of future equity
i.e. share capital and free reserves, amount transferred to CRR on buyback has to be excluded from present equity.
Amount transferred to CRR and maximum equity to be bought back will be calculated by simultaneous equation
method.
Suppose amount transferred to CRR account is ‘x’ and maximum permitted buy-back of equity is ‘y’.
Then

(45,00,000 – x) – 23,25,000 = y (1)

(y/buyback price) * Face Value = x
(y/30)*10 = x (2)
Or 3x=y
by solving the above equation we get
x = Rs. 5,43,750
y = Rs. 16,31,250

(b) Aarohi Ltd. made a public issue of 11,00,000 equity shares of Rs 10 each at a premium of Rs. 10, the amounts payable
on application were Rs. 4 along with the full amount of premium and Rs. 6 at allotment. Out of the above 1,00,000
equity shares were issued to promoters and the balance was offered to the public which was underwritten by three
underwriters Ashish, Alok and Ajay as follows :
Ashish - 4,00,000 shares including firm underwriting 80,000 shares.
Alok - 3,00,000 shares including firm underwriting 30,000 shares.
Ajay - 3,00,000 shares including firm underwriting 1,10,000 shares.
Total subscriptions received by Aarohi Ltd. were 1,50,000 shares (excluding firm underwriting and marked
applications)
The marked applications (excluding firm underwriting) were,
Ashish - 97,500 shares,
Alok - 1,95,000 shares and
Ajay - 1,48,500 shares.
Underwriters are entitled to maximum commission permissible by law on the issue price of shares. The underwriting
contract provides that benefit of firm underwriting is to be given to individual underwriters.

You are required to:

(i) Determine the liability of each underwriter in number of shares;
(ii) Compute the amounts payable or due from underwriters; and
(iii) Pass Journal Entries in the books of the company relating to underwriting.

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Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

Solution:

(i) Statement showing total liability of underwriters in shares

Particulars Ashish (4) Alok (3) Ajay (3)

Gross Liability 4,00,000 3,00,000 3,00,000
Less: Firm Underwriting (80,000) (30,000) (1,10,000)
Marked Application (97,500) (1,95,000) (1,48,500)
Unmarked Application(4:3:3) (60,000) (45,000) (45,000)
Balance 1,62,500 30,000 (3,500)
(+) Negative Adjustment (2,000) (1,500) 3,500
Net Liability 1,60,500 28,500 Nil
(+) Firm Underwriting 80,000 30,000 1,10,000
Total Liability 2,40,500 58,500 1,10,000

(ii) Calculation of amount payable to or due from underwriters

Particulars Ashish Alok Ajay Total

Total Liability in shares 2,40,500 58,500 1,10,000 4,09,000
Amount receivable @ Rs. 20 from underwriter (in Rs.) 48,10,000 11,70,000 22,00,000 81,80,000
Less: Underwriting Commission @ 5% on Gross (4,00,000) (3,00,000) (3,00,000) (10,00,000)
Liability
Net amount receivable/(payable) 44,10,000 8,70,000 19,00,000 71,80,000

(iii) Journal Entries in the books of the company (relating to underwriting)

S Particulars Debit Credit
N (Rs.) (Rs.)
(i) Ashish Dr.(2,40,500 X 14) 33,67,000
Alok Dr.(58,500 X 14) 8,19,000
Ajay Dr. (1,10,000 X 14) 15,40,000
To Share Application A/c 57,26,000
(Being App. money due to underwriter)
(ii) Share Application A/c Dr. 57,26,000
To Equity Share Capital A/c (4,09,000 X 4) 16,36,000
To Security Premium A/c(4,09,000 X 10) 40,90,000
(Being App. money converted into capital)
(iii) Share Allotment A/c (4,09,000 X 6) Dr. 24,54,000
To Equity Share Capital A/c 24,54,000
(Being Allotment money due)
(iv) Ashish Dr.(2,40,500 X 6) 14,43,000
Alok Dr.(58,500 X 6) 3,51,000
Ajay Dr. (1,10,000 X 6) 6,60,000
To Share Allotment A/c 24,54,000
(Being App. money due to underwriter)
(v) Underwriting Commission A/c Dr. 10,00,000
To Ashish 4,00,000
To Alok 3,00,000
To Ajay 3,00,000
(Being Underwriting Commission recorded)
(vi) Bank A/c Dr. 71,80,000
To Ashish 44,10,000
To Alok 8,70,000
To Ajay 19,00,000
(Being amount received from underwriter)

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 Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

3.
(a) The following are the summarized Balance Sheet of VT Ltd. and MG Ltd. as on 31St March, 2018:

Particulars VT Ltd. (Rs.) MG Ltd. (Rs.)

Equity and Liabilities
Equity Shares of Rs. 10 each 12,00,000 6,00,000
10% Pref. Shares of Rs. 100 each 4,00,000 2,00,000
Reserve and Surplus 6,00,000 4,00,000
12% Debentures 4,00,000 3,00,000

Trade Payables 5,00,000 3,00,000

Total 31,00,000 18,00,000

Assets
Fixed Assets 14,00,000 5,00,000
Investment 1,60,000 1,60,000
Inventory 4,80,000 6,40,000
Trade Receivables 8,40,000 4,20,000
Cash at Bank 2,20,000 80,000
Total 31,00,000 18,00,000

Details of Trade receivables and trade payables are as under :

VT Ltd. (Rs.) MG Ltd. (Rs.)
Trade Receivable
Debtors 7,20,000 3,80,000
Bills Receivable 1,20,000 40,000

8,40,000 4,20,000
Trade Payables
Sundry Creditors 4,40,000 2,50,000
Bills Payable 60,000 50,000
5,00,000 3,00,000

- Fixed Assets of both the companies are to be revalued at 15% above book value.
- Inventory in Trade and Debtors are taken over 5% lesser than their book value.
- Both the companies are to pay 10% equity dividend, Preference dividend having been already paid.
After the above transactions are given effect to, VT Ltd. will absorb MG Ltd. on the following terms:
(i) VT Ltd. will issue 16 Equity Shares of Rs. 10 each at par against 12 Shares of MG Ltd.
(ii) 10% Preference Shareholders of MG Ltd. will be paid at 10% discount by issue of 10% Preference Shares of Rs.
100 each at par in VT Ltd.
(iii) 12% Debenture holders of MG Ltd. are to be paid at 8% premium by 12% Debentures in VT Ltd. issued at a
discount of 10%.
(iv) Rs. 60,000 is to be paid by VT Ltd. to MG Ltd. for Liquidation expenses.
(v) Sundry Debtors of MG Ltd. includes Rs. 20,000 due from VT Ltd.

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Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

You are required to prepare:

(1) Journal entries in the books of VT Ltd.
(2) Statement of consideration payable by VT Ltd.

Solution:
(1) Journal Entries in the Books of VT Ltd.
Dr. Cr.
Rs. Rs.

(i) Fixed Assets Dr. 2,10,000

To Revaluation Reserve 2,10,000
(Being Revaluation of fixed assets at 15% above book value)

(ii) Reserve and Surplus Dr. 1,20,000

To Equity Dividend 1,20,000
(Being Declaration of equity dividend @ 10%)

(iii) Equity Dividend Dr. 1,20,000

To Bank Account 1,20,000
(Being Payment of equity dividend)

(iv) Business Purchase Account Dr. 9,80,000

To Liquidator of MG Ltd. 9,80,000
(Being Consideration payable for the business taken over from MG Ltd.)

(v) Fixed Assets (115% of Rs. 5,00,000) Dr. 5,75,000

Inventory (95% of Rs. 6,40,000) Dr. 6,08,000
Debtors Dr. 3,80,000
Bills Receivable Dr. 40,000
Investment Dr. 1,60,000
Cash at Bank Dr. 20,000
(Rs. 80,000 –Rs. 60,000 dividend paid)
To Provision for Bad Debts (5% of Rs. 3,80,000) 19,000
To Sundry Creditors 2,50,000
To Bills Payable 50,000
To Debentures holder of MG Ltd. 3,24,000
To Business Purchase Account 9,80,000
To Capital Reserve (Balancing figure) 1,60,000
(Being Incorporation of various assets and liabilities taken over from MG Ltd.)

(vi) Liquidator of MG Ltd. Dr. 9,80,000

To Equity Share Capital 8,00,000
To 10% Preference Share Capital 1,80,000
(Being Discharge of consideration for MG Ltd.’s business)

(vii) Debentures holder of MG Ltd. (Rs. 3,00,000 × 108%) Dr. 3,24,000

Discount on Issue of Debentures Dr. 36,000
To 12% Debentures (3,24,000/90%) 3,60,000
(Being allotment of 12% Debentures to debenture holders
of MG Ltd. at a discount of 10%)
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 Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

(viii) Sundry Creditors A/c Dr. 20,000

To Sundry Debtors A/c 20,000
(Being Cancellation of mutual owing)

(ix) Capital Reserve Dr. 60,000

To Bank 60,000
(Being liquidation expenses reimbursed to MG Ltd.)

(2) Statement of Consideration payable by VT Ltd.

ESH:
Shares to be allotted (60,000/12) X 16 = 80,000 shares of VT Ltd.
Issued 80,000 shares of Rs. 10 each i.e. Rs. 8,00,000

PSH:
For 10% preference shares, to be paid at 10% discount

Rs. 2,00,000 X 90 Rs. 1,80,000

100
Consideration amount [(i) + (ii)] Rs. 9,80,000

(b) BT Ltd. went into Voluntary Liquidation on 31St March, 2018, when their detailed Balance Sheet read as follows:

Liabilities In Rs.
Issued & Subscribed Capital
10,000 12% cumulative preference shares of Rs. 100 each, fully paid 10,00,000
10,000 Equity Shares of Rs. 100 each 75 per share paid up 7,50,000
20,000 Equity Shares of Rs. 100 each 60 per share paid up 12,00,000
Profit & Loss Account (5,25,000)
12% Debentures (Secured by a floating charge) 10,00,000
Interest outstanding on Debentures 1,20,000
Creditors 8,50,000
43,95,000

Assets
Land & Building
17,60,000
Plant & Machinery
12,50,000
Furniture
4,75,000
Patents
1,45,000
Stock
1,80,000
Trade Receivables
5,09,300
Cash at Bank
75,700

43,95,000

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Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

Preference dividends were in arrear for 1 year. Creditors include preferential creditors of Rs. 75,000. Balance creditors are
discharged subject to 5% discount.
Assets are realised as under :
In Rs.
Land & Building 24,50,000
Plant & Machinery 9,00,000
Furniture 2,85,000
Patents 90,000
Stock 2,80,000
Trade Receivables 3,15,000
- Expenses of liquidation amounted to Rs. 45,000.
- The liquidator is entitled to a remuneration of 3% on all assets realised (except cash at bank).
- All payments were made on 30th June, 2018.
You are required to prepare the Liquidator's Final Statement of Account as on 30th June, 2018. Working Notes should form
part of the answer.

Solution:
BT Ltd.

Liquidator’s Final Statement of Account

Receipt Rs. Payment Rs.

To Balance b/d By Liquidation expenses 45,000

Cash at Bank 75,700 By Liquidator’s remuneration 1,29,600
To Amount realized from Assets not (43,20,000 X 3%)
specifically Pledged By Preferential Creditors 75,000
Land & Building 24,50,000 By amount paid to secured creditor having
Plant & Machinery 9,00,000 floating charges
Furniture 2,85,000 12% Debenture 10,00,000
Patents 90,000 Add: Outstanding Interest
Stock 2,80,000 upto 31/03/18 1,20,000
Trade Receivable 3,15,000 43,20,000 Accrued Interest from
01/04/18 to 30/06/18 30,000 11,50,000
(10,00,000 X 12% X 3/12)
By unsecured creditors 7,36,250
(8,50,000 – 75,000) - 5%
By Amount paid to Preference Shareholders
Preference share capital 10,00,000
Arrears of dividend 1,20,000 11,20,000
(10,00,000 X 12%)
By Amount paid to Equity Shareholders 11,39,850
ESH 1 ( 10,000 X 47.995) 4,79,950
ESH 1 ( 20,000 X 32.995) 6,59,900
43,95,700 43,95,700

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 Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

Working Note 1: Calculation of call/paid from/to Equity Shareholder

Balance Available 11,39,850
(75,700 + 43,20,000 – 45,000 – 1,29,600 – 75,000 – 11,50,000 – 7,36,250
- 11,20,000)
(+) Notional calls
Shareholders No. of shares X uncalled call Amount(Rs.)
ESH 1 10,000 X 25 2,50,000
ESH 2 20,000 X 40 8,00,000 10,50,000
Balance for Equity Shareholders 21,89,850
÷ Numbers of Equity Shares (10,000 + 20,000) 30,000
Payable per Equity Share 72.995

Net call received/refund per Equity Share:

ESH 1 (72.995 – 25) = Rs. 47.995 Refund
ESH 2 (72.995 – 40) = Rs. 32.995 Refund

4.
(a)
(i) The following is an extract of Trial Balance of SM Bank, an overseas bank as on 31st March, 2018.

Dr. Cr. (Rs.)

Bill Discounted 15,16,800
Discount Received 1,26,859
Rebate on Bills discounted not due on 31st March 2017 26,592
An analysis of bill discounted is as follows :
Amount in Due Date Rate of Discount
1,46,200 4th May, 2018 15
2,30,400 12th May, 2018 15
4,35,900 28th May, 2018 15
4,36,200 18th June, 2018 16
2,68,100 4th July, 2018 16
You are, required to calculate Rebate on Bills Discounted as on 31st March, 2018 and show necessary Journal Entries.
Solution:
(1) Calculation of Rebate on Bills Discounted
Amount(Rs.) Due Date Days after 31st March 2018 Discount Rate Rebate Amount (Rs.)
1,46,200 04-05-18 34 15 2,043
2,30,400 12-05-18 42 15 3,977
4,35,900 28-05-18 58 15 10,390
4,36,200 18-06-18 79 16 15,106
2,68,100 04-07-18 95 16 11,165
42,681
Journal Entry
Date Particulars Debit Credit
Rs. Rs.
01/04/17 Rebate on Bills Discounted Account 26,592
To Discount received 26,592
(Being opening provision for unexpired discount cancelled)
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 Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

31/03/18 Discount Received Account Dr. 42,681

To Rebate on Bills Discounted Account 42,681
(Being the provision for unexpired discount recognised)

31/03/18 Discount Received Account Dr. 1,10,770

(26,592 + 1,26,859 - 42,681)
To P & L A/c 1,10,770
(Being discount received transferred into P & L A/c)

(ii) The following informations are also given for SM Bank :

Assets Rs. in Lakhs

Standard 75,00
Sub-Standard 60,00
Doubtful : for 1 Year (fully secured) 12,00
for 1 to 3 Years (fully secured) 9,00
for more than 3 Years 9,00
Loss Assets 15,00
Additional Information:
(1) Standard Assets includes Rs. 15,00 Lakhs Advances to Commercial Real Estate (CRE).
(2) Out of Rs. 60,00 Lakhs of Sub-Standard Asset Rs. 20,00 Lakhs are unsecured. Unsecured includes Rs. 5,00 Lakhs in
respect of Infrastructure Loan Accounts with ESCROW safeguard.
(3) Doubtful Asset for more than 3 Years includes Rs. 4,00 Lakhs, which is covered by 50% ECGC, value of security of
which is Rs. 150 Lakhs.
You are required to find out the amount of provision to be shown in the Profit & Loss Account of SM Bank.
Solution: Calculation the amount of provision to be made in the profit and loss account

S. Assets ( Categories of Advances) Rs. in % of Provision

N. Lakhs Provision Amount
1. Standard Advances

 Advances to Commercial Real Estate (CRE) 1,500 1% 15

 Other Advances(7,500 – 1,500) 6,000 .40% 24

2. Sub-standard Advances

 Secured exposure (6,000 – 2,000) 4,000 15% 600

 Unsecured exposures
 In respect of infrastructure loan accounts where escrow 500 20% 100
accounts are available
 Other unsecured (2,000 – 500) 1,500 25% 375

3 Doubtful advances- secured portion :-

For doubtful up to 1 year 1,200 25% 300
For doubtful more than 1 year and upto 3 years 900 40% 360

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 Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

For doubtful more than 3 years

a. Covered by ECGC
Advances amount 400
Less: Value of Security/Secured portion (150)
Unsecured portion 250
150 100% 150
Provision on secured portion
Provision on Unsecured portion(250 X 100%) 250 125
Less: Guarantee by ECGC (250 X 50%) (125)
500 100% 500
b. Others (unsecured)(900-400)

4. Loss Assets 1,500 100% 1,500

Total Amount of Provisions 4,049
Less: Opening Balance of Provisions (XXX)
Provision to be made in the profit and loss account XXX

(b) Babu Bhai Financiers Ltd. is an NBFC providing Hire Purchase Solutions for acquiring consumer durables. The following
information is extracted from its books for the year ended 31st March, 2018:

Assets Funded Interest Overdue but recognized in Profit & Loss Net Book Value of
Period Overdue Interest Amount Assets Outstanding
(Rs. in crore) (Rs. in crore)
LCD Televisions Up to 12 Months 500.00 20,000
Washing Machines For 24 Months 100.00 2,000
Refrigerators For 30 Months 50.00 1,250
Air Conditioners For 45 Months 25.00 600
Mobile Phones For 60 Months 10.00 100
You are required to calculate the amount of provision to be made.

Solution:
On the basis of the information given, in respect of hire purchase and leased assets, additional provision shall be made as
under:
S N Particulars Rs. in crores
1 Where hire charges or lease rentals are overdue upto 12 months 20,000 X 0% Nil
2 where hire charges or lease rentals are overdue for more than12 months but upto 2,000 X 10% 200
24 months
3 where hire charges or lease rentals are overdue for more than 24 months but upto 1,250 X 40% 500
36 months
4 where hire charges or lease rentals are overdue for more than 36 months but upto 600 X 70% 420
48 months
5 where hire charges or lease rentals are overdue for more than 48 months 100 X 100% 100
Total 1,220

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 Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

(c) From the following information given by M/s Short Live Insurance Co. Ltd., you are required to pass necessary Journal
Entries relating to Unexpired Risk Reserve.

(i) On 31.03.2017, it had reserve for unexpired risks amounting to Rs. 160 crores. Its composition was as under:
(a) Rs. 60 crores in respect of Marine Insurance Business
(b) Rs. 80 crores in respect of Fire Insurance Business
(c) Rs. 20 crores in respect of Misc. Insurance Business
(ii) M/s Short Live Insurance Co. Ltd. reserves 100% of net premium income in respect of Marine Insurance Business
and 50% of net premium income in respect of Fire and Misc. income policies.
(iii) During 2017-18, the following business was conducted:
Rs. in crores
Premium Collected From : Marine Fire Misc.
Insured in respect of Policies issued 72 172 48
Other Insurance Companies in respect of 28 20 16
risks undertaken
Premium paid / payable to other insurance 40 20 30
companies on business ceded
Solution
In the books of M/s Short Live Insurance Co. Ltd.
Journal Entries

Date Particulars (Rs. in crores)

Dr. Cr.
1.04.2017 Unexpired Risk Reserve (Marine) A/c Dr. 60.00
To Marine Revenue Account 60.00
(Being opening unexpired risk reserve cancelled)

1.04.2017 Unexpired Risk Reserve (Fire) A/c Dr. 80.00

To Marine Revenue Account 80.00
(Being opening unexpired risk reserve cancelled)

1.04.2017 Unexpired Risk Reserve (Misc.) A/c Dr. 20.00

To Marine Revenue Account 20.00
(Being opening unexpired risk reserve cancelled)

31.03.2018 Marine Revenue A/c Dr. 60.00

To Unexpired Risk Reserve A/c 60.00
(Being closing reserve for unexpired risk created)

31.03.2018 Fire Revenue A/c Dr. 86.00

To Unexpired Risk Reserve A/c 86.00
(Being closing reserve for unexpired risk created)

31.03.2018 Misc. Revenue A/c Dr. 17.00

To Unexpired Risk Reserve A/c 17.00
(Being closing reserve for unexpired risk created)

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 Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

Working Note
1. Calculation of closing balance of Unexpired Risk Reserve
(Rs. in crores)
Particulars Marine Fire Misc.
Premium collected on Direct Business/Policies issued 72 172 48
Add: Premium received from other insurance company in respect of risk undertaken 28 20 16
Less: Premium paid to other insurance company in respect of business ceded (40) (20) (30)
Net Premium 60 172 34
(x) % of Risk 100% 50% 50%
Closing balance of Unexpired Risk Reserve 60 86 17

5.
(a) H Ltd. acquire 70% of equity share of S Ltd. as on 1st January, 2011 at a cost of Rs. 5,00,000 when S Ltd. had an equity
share capital of Rs. 5,00,000 and reserve and surplus of Rs. 40,000.
Both the companies follow calendar year as the accounting year.
In the four consecutive years, S Ltd. fared badly and suffered losses of Rs. 1,25,000, Rs. 2,00,000, Rs. 2,50,000 and Rs.
60,000 respectively. Thereafter in 2015, S Ltd. experienced turnaround and registered an annual profit of Rs. 25,000. In the
next two years i.e. 2016 and 2017, S Ltd. recorded annual profits of Rs. 50,000 and Rs. 75,000 respectively. Show the
Minority Interests and Cost of Control at the end of each year for the purpose of consolidation.

Solution: AS per AS21 consolidated Financial Statements; the losses applicable to the minority in a consolidated subsidiary
may exceed the minority interest in the equity of the subsidiary. The excess, and any further losses applicable to the
minority, are adjusted against the majority interest except to that the minority has a binding obligation to, and is able to,
make good the the losses. Lf the subsidiary subsequently repots profits, all such profits are allocated to the majority until the
minority,s share of losses previously absorbed by the majority has been recovered. Accordingly,

Year Details Minority Interest Minority’s Share of Cost of Control

(MI) (20%) losses borne by H Ltd. (W.N. 2)
Minority Interest at the 1,62,000
time of acquisition i.e. on (W.N 1)
01.01.2011 1,22,000
For 2011 (1,25,000 x 30%) (37,500)
On 31.12.2011 1,24,500 1,22,000
For 2012 (2,00,000 x 30%) (60,000)
On 31.12.2012 64,500 1,22,000
For 2013 (2,50,000 x 30%) (75,000)
(10,500)
Loss amounting Rs. 10,500 10,500
10,500 of minority
borne by majority
shareholders on
application of AS 21
On 31.12.2013 Nil 10,500 1,22,000
For 2014 (60,000 x 30%) (18,000)
Loss amounting Rs. 18,000 18,000
18,000 of minority
borne by majority
shareholders on
application of AS 21
On 31.12.2014 Nil 28,500 1,22,000
For 2015 (25,000 X 30%) 7,500
On application of AS (7,500) (7,500)
21, profit transferred
to majority

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 Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

shareholders
On 31.12.2015 Nil 21,000 1,22,000
For 2016 (50,000 X 30%) 15,000
On application of AS (15,000) (15,000)
21, profit transferred
to majority
shareholders
On 31.12.2016 Nil 6,000 1,22,000
For 2017 (75,000 X 30%) 22,500
On application of AS (6,000) (6,000)
21, profit transferred
to majority
shareholders to the
extent earlier loss was
borne by majority
share holders
On 31.12.2017 16,500 Nil 1,22,000
Working Notes:

(1) Calculation of Minority Interest as on 01.01.2011

Total Amount (100%) (Rs) Minority Interest (20%) (Rs)

Share Capital (30%) 5,00,000 1,50,000
Add: Share in Reserves (30%) 40,000 12,000
1,62,000

(2) Calculation of Cost of Control Rs.

Cost of Investment 5,00.000
Less: Net Asset of S Ltd.
Share Capital (5,00,000 X 70%) 3,50,000
Share in Reserves (40,000 X 70%) 28,000 (3,78,000)
Goodwill 1,22,000

(b) The summarized Balance Sheet of T Ltd. for the year ended on 31st March, 2016, 2017 and 2018 are as follows :

(Rs. in thousands)
Liabilities 31.03.2016 31.03.2017 31.03.2018
1,60,000 equity shares of
10 each, fully paid 1,600 1,600 1,600
General Reserve 1,200 1,400 1,600
Profit and Loss account 140 160 240
Trade Payable 600 800 1,000
3,540 3,960 4,440
Assets:

Goodwill 1,000 800 600

Building & Machinery less depreciation 1,400 1,600 1,600
Inventory 1,000 1,200 1,400
Trade Receivable 20 160 440
Bank Balance 120 200 400

3,540 3,960 - 4,440

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Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

Additional Information :

(i) Actual Valuations were as under:

Building & Machinery less depreciation 1,800 2,000 2,200

Inventory 1,200 1,400 1,600
Net Profit (including opening balance after writing
off depreciation, goodwill, tax provision and transferred to
general reserve 420 620 820

(ii) Capital employed in the business at market value at the beginning of 2015-16 was Rs. 36,60,000 which included the
cost of goodwill. The normal annual return on average capital employed in the line of business engaged by T Ltd. is
12.5%.
(iii) The balance in the general reserve on 1st April, 2015 was Rs. 10 lakhs.
(iv) The goodwill shown on 31.03.2016 was purchased on 1.4.2015 for Rs. 10 lakhs on which date the balance in the Profit
& Loss account was Rs. 1,20,000.

You are required to find out the average capital employed in each year. Also, compute Goodwill, to be valued at 5 year's
purchase of Super profit (Simple average method).

Solution:

1. Calculation of Capital Employed at the end of each year

31.3.2016 31.3.2017 31.3.2018
Rs. Rs. Rs.
Goodwill 10,00,000 8,00,000 6,00,000
Building and Machinery (Revaluation) 18,00,000 20,00,000 22,00,000
Inventory (Revalued) 12,00,000 14,00,000 16,00,000
Trade Receivables 20,000 1,60,000 4,40,000
Bank Balance 1,20,000 2,00,000 4,00,000
Total Assets 41,40,000 45,60,000 52,40,000
Less: Trade Payables (6,00,000) (8,00,000) (10,00,000)
Closing Capital Employed 35,40,000 37,60,000 42,40,000
Add: Opening Capital Employed 36,60,000 35,40,000 37,60,000
Total 72,00,000 73,00,000 80,00,000
Average Capital Employed 36,00,000 36,50,000 40,00,000
Since the goodwill has been purchased, it is taken as a part of Capital employed.

2. Valuation of Goodwill
(i) Future Maintainable Profit 31.3.2016 31.3.2017 31.3.2018
Net Profit as given 4,20,000 6,20,000 8,20,000
Less: Opening Balance (1,20,000) (1,40,000) (1,60,000)
(+) Adjustment for Inventory
Valuation of Opening Inventory - (2,00,000) (2,00,000)
Valuation of closing inventory 2,00,000 2,00,000 2,00,000
Goodwill written off - 2,00,000 2,00,000
Transferred to General Reserve 2,00,000 2,00,000 2,00,000
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 Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

Future Maintainable Profit 7,00,000 8,80,000 10,60,000

Less: Normal Return (12.50% of ACE) (4,50,000) (4,56,250) (5,00,000)
(ii) Super Profit 2,50,000 4,23,750 5,60,000

(iii) Average Super Profit (Simple Average) = Rs. (2,50,000+4,23,750+5,60,000)÷3 = Rs. 4,11,250

(iv) Value of Goodwill at five years’ purchase = Rs. 4,11,250 × 5 = Rs. 20,56,250.

6.
(a) Distinguish between Amalgamation, Absorption and External Reconstruction of Company.
Solution:

Basis Amalgamation Absorption External

Reconstruction
Meaning Two or more In this case an In this case, a newly
companies are existing company formed company
Wound up and a takes over the takes over the
new company is business of one or business of an
formed to take over more existing existing company.
their business. companies.
Minimum At least three At least two Only two
number of companies are companies are companies are
Companies involved. involved. involved.
involved
Number of Only one resultant No new resultant Only one resultant
new company is formed. company is formed. company is formed.
resultant Two companies are Under this case a
companies wound up to form a newly formed
Single resultant company takes over
company. the business of an
existing company.
Objective Amalgamation is Absorption is done External
done to cut to cut competition & reconstruction is
competition & reap reap the economies done to reorganize
the economies in in large scale. the financial
large scale. structure of the
company.
Example A Ltd. and B Ltd. A Ltd. takes over the B Ltd. is formed to
amalgamate to business of another take over the
form C Ltd. existing company B business of an
Ltd. existing company A
Ltd.

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 Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

(b) Bee Co. Ltd. has its share capital divided into Equity Shares of 10 each. On 1 st April, 2017, the company offered 250 shares
to each of its 520 employees at Rs. 60 per share, when the market price was Rs. 150 per share. The options were to be
exercised between 01-03-2018 to 31-03-2018.
410 employees accepted the offer and paid Rs. 60 per share purchased and the remaining options lapsed.
The company closes its books on 31st March every year.
You are required to show Journal Entries (with narrations) as would appear in the books of Bee Co. Ltd. for the year ended
31st March,2018 with regard to employees stock options.
Solution
Journal Entries
Date Particulars Dr. Cr.
Rs. Rs.

01/03/18 Bank A/c (410 x 250 x 60) Dr. 61,50,000

To Employee compensation expense A/c [410 x 250 x (150-60)] Dr. 92,25,000
31/03/18 To Equity share capital A/c (410 x 250 x 60) 10,25,000
To Securities premium A/c [410 x 250 x (150-60)] 1,43,50,000
(Being ESOP issued and converted into capital)

31/03/18 Profit and Loss A/c Dr. 92,25,000

To Employee compensation expense A/c 92,25,000
(Being transfer of employee compensation expense to P & L A/c)

(c) Zest Ltd. gives the following information about its past profits :

Year Profit before Tax (Rs. In '000)

2014-15 1,42
2015-16 2,70
2016-17 3,00
2017-18 2,75
Additional informations are given as below:
(i) In Year 2014-15, Zest Ltd earned an extraordinary income of Rs. 25,000 due to a foreign contract.
(ii) In September 2016, there was an earthquake, due to which the company lost Rs. 50,000 property and it was not
covered by any Insurance Policy.
(iii) There is a 10% Non-Trading Investment of Rs. 5,00,000 which was purchased at par by the company on 1 st April,
2016.
(iv) Income tax rate is 35%.
(v) Capital Employed as on 31st March, 2018 is Rs. 6,00,000.
(vi) Normal rate of return for the industry in which the company is engaged is 20%.
You are required to calculate the value of Goodwill at three years purchase of super profits. Consider simple average profits
for calculation of Goodwill.

Solution:
Goodwill = Super Profits X Number of years purchased
= 28.20 X 3
= Rs. 84.60

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 Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

Super Profits = FMP – Normal Profits

= 148.20 – 120 = Rs. 28.20

Normal Profit = Capital Employed X Normal Rate of Return

= (600 X 20%) = Rs. 120

Working Note 1:
Calculation of FMP (Rs. In '000)
Particulars 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18
Profit before Tax 142 270 300 275
(-) Extraordinary Income (25) - - -
(+) Abnormal Loss - - 50 -
(-) Non-trade Investment Income - - (50) (50)
Adjusted Profit 117 270 300 225
Average Adjusted Profit(Simple) 228
Less: Tax @ 35% (79.8)
Profit after Tax/FMP 148.20

(d) A Mutual Fund purchased 20,000 debentures of a company on June 1, 2017 for Rs. 21.40 lakh and further 10,000
debentures on 1st November, 2017 for Rs. 10.90 lakh. The debentures carry fixed annual coupon of 12%, payable on every
31st March and 30th September. On Feb 28, 2018 the fund sold 12,000 of these debentures for Rs. 13.56 lakh. Nominal value
per debenture is 100. Show Investment in Debenture A/c in books of the Mutual Fund.

Solution: Investment in Debentures A/c

Date Particulars Face Interest Amount Date Particulars Face Interest Amount
Value Value
01/06/17 To Bank A/c 20,00,000 40,000 21,00,000 30/09/17 By Bank A/c 1,20,000
(20,00,000 X (20,00,000 X 12%
12% X 2/12) X 6/12)
01/11/17 To Bank A/c 10,00,000 10,000 10,80,000 28/02/18 By Bank A/c 12,00,000 60,000 12,96,000
(10,00,000 X (12,00,000 X 12%
12% X 1/12) X 5/12)
28/02/18 To P & L 24,000 31/03/18 By Bank A/c 1,08,000
A/c (18,00,000 X 12%
(Profit on X 6/12)
sale)
31/03/18 To P & L 2,38,000 31/03/18 By Balance c/d 18,00,000 - 19,08,000
A/c (B/F)
Total 30,00,000 2,88,000 32,04,000 30,00,000 2,88,000 32,04,000
Working Notes
(1) Calculation of Profit/(Loss) on sale of Investment as on 28/02/18
Rs.
Sale Price 12,96,000
, , , ,
Less: Cost of Sale ( X 12,00,000) (12,72,000)
, , , ,
Profit on sale of Investment 24,000

(2) Value of Investment as on 31/03/18

, , , ,
Cost Price ( X 18,00,000) 19,08,000
, , , ,

Note: It is assumed that all transactions are cum-Interest

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 Solution of INTER Group II Adv. Accounting May 2019 CA P.S. Beniwal (9990301165)

(e) What do you mean by 'Accrual' in reference to AS-1 ? Also, specify any three reasons for 'Accrual Basis of Accounting'.

Answer: As per AS-1 Accrual basis of accounting: Under this basis of accounting, transactions are recognised as soon as
they occur, whether or not cash or cash equivalent is actually received or paid.
Reasons:
(1) Accrual basis ensures better matching between revenue and cost and profit/loss obtained on this basis reflects activities
of the enterprise during an accounting period, rather than cash flows generated by it.

(2) While accrual basis is a more logical approach to profit determination than the cash basis of accounting, it exposes an
enterprise to the risk of recognising an income before actual receipt.

(3) The accrual basis can therefore overstate the divisible profits and dividend decisions based on such overstated profit
lead to erosion of capital. For this reason, accounting standards require that no revenue should be recognised unless the
amount of consideration and actual realisation of the consideration is reasonably certain.

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Subject Time Period Availability
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