Chapter 4  

Physical Education & Sports for CWSN

(Children with Special Needs – Divyang) Notes

Organizations promoting Disability Sports

Sport should inspire disabled people to seek out or regain contact
with their surroundings so that they can be recognized as equal and
respected citizens. The phrase “disability sport” describes sports that
are specifically created for or played by those with disabilities.
Adaptive sports are promoted by organizations like Special Olympics
Bharat, Paralympics, and Deaflympics.

Special Olympics Bharat

The Special Olympics Bharat movement seeks to improve the lives of

youngsters and adults with intellectual impairments and other mental
health issues by using athletics as a catalyst. It was established in 1987
as Special Olympics India, and in 2001 its name was changed to
Special Olympics Bharat.

Paralympic Games

The Paralympic Games are an international multi-sport competition

for athletes with various types of disabilities, such as cerebral palsy,
amputation, blindness, and mobility issues. Following the Olympic
Games, the Paralympic Games are held every four years. The
International Paralympic Committee is in charge of planning these
competitions. In Sweden, the inaugural Winter Paralympics were held
in 1976. The Winter Paralympic Games are held every four years.

Deaflympics Earlier

The Deaflympics are also known as the World Games for the Deaf.
These are high-level competitions for deaf athletes that are sanctioned
by the International Olympic Committee. The participants are signaled
via flags or any other visual indicator. The International Committee of
Sports for the Deaf has been in charge of organising these
competitions since since the first one. The Deaflympics, which are the
second-oldest multisport event in the world after the Olympics, are
not only among the world’s fastest-growing sporting occasions.

Physical Education Class 12 Chapter 4 Notes

Advantages of Physical Activities for children with

special needs
Physical activity is an essential component of a healthy lifestyle and
can help kids at all developmental stages greatly. Children with special
needs have less opportunity to engage in physical activity, which puts
them at greater risk for problems related to inactivity. Children with
special needs can benefit physically, emotionally, and socially from
participating in regular physical activity. CWSN show improvements in
their cardiovascular fitness, bone health, and strength as a result of
frequent exercise. They also exhibit higher flexibility and better bone
health.

Physical benefits – Scientific research on handicap groups has shown

that engaging in sport and physical activity increases levels of
wellbeing and physical health. Their participation in physical education
and sports on a regular basis can aid in the development of their
gross motor and fine motor skills, which may enhance their
performance in general.

Mode of Recreation and Fun – CWSN frequently miss out on social activities, recreation
and fun. Participation in extracurricular and sports activities can help them

overcome this obstacle, providing them with the ability to engage in social
interactions, make friends and initiate social skills.

Improved Emotional Health – It has been shown that a healthy lifestyle should include
physical activity to reduce depression rates. CWSN frequently exhibit higher rates of
emotional issues like depression. By enhancing mental health and wellness, regular exercise
can be a life-changing benefit.
Physical Education Class 12 Chapter 4 Notes

Channelizing the Surplus Energy – Children with problems like

ADHD exhibit hyperactivity, which, if controlled, can have good effects
on cognition and positive behavior.

Psychological benefits – Regular exercise and involvement in sports

are good for the body, but they are also good for the mind. By raising
CWSN’s self-esteem, social awareness, and self-confidence—all of
which are crucial for empowering their lives—physical activity
enhances their overall mood and wellness.

Healthy lifestyle – Due to the associated higher chance of being

inactive, CWSN are roughly twice as likely as other kids to be
overweight or obese. Due to their condition, they engage in far less
physical exercise and sports than their peers.

Behavioural Benefits – Physical education’s dynamic nature helps

CWSN’s cognition and enables them to learn things that they might
not learn in a regular classroom.

Increased Independence – Due to better daily living skills,

participation in physical education and sports is a way to move
towards more independence. An increase in physical exercise can give
a person with a handicap more freedom and independence.

Physical Education Class 12 Chapter 4 Notes

Strategies to make Physical Activities assessable

for children with special needs
Children of all abilities, including those with disabilities, benefit from
physical activity participation. In fact, include children with disabilities
in sports and recreational activities fosters inclusion, reduces
deconditioning, improves physical performance, and improves general
wellbeing.

Communication –  Clear communication about the activity, the space,

the resource person, or any changes to the activity should be made in
advance. For doing various forms of physical activities, a number of
different instructional methods, such as verbal, visual, and peer
teaching, should be employed to give children the chance to engage
in physical activity.

Space – People with physical disabilities should be able to access

space at CWSN. The physical activity’s space should be restricted.
Noise, heat, cold, floor texture, audience, etc. should all be avoided in
the area where activities take place.

Equipment – Participation is discouraged by a lack of proper

equipment and personnel trained to facilitate physical activity among
children and teens with various degrees of competence.

Physical Education Class 12 Chapter 4 Notes

Graded Activities – Activities should be straightforward and centered

on a single action in the early stages. From non-locomotor to
locomotor to managed activities, there should be a progressive
transition. The level of help for these tasks should be independent,
verbal, and physical.

Social strategies – Let the youngster select a sport that they are
interested in. When they enjoy the activity, children are more likely to
be motivated. Encourage the special needs child to observe others at
first. Let the kid observe people playing and enjoying themselves.

Psychological strategies – Children with disabilities need a lot of encouragement to engage

in physical activity due to prior exclusion or restricted access. It all comes down to the cycle
of conditioning: kids who keep active as they get older become physically more adept and
stronger. The deconditioning cycle operates in a similar manner: for kids who don’t
participate, the less they do, the less they can do.