FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY MINNA, NIGER STATE

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY (SEET)

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING.

CHE 415 (PLANT DESIGN)

ASSIGNMENT

GROUP B

PRODUCTION OF 1200Kg (10kmol) OF CUMENE PER HOUR.

GROUP MEMBERS

NAMES MATRIC NUMBER

1. NJOKU GENESIS VICTOR 2010/1/35141EH

2. ALEXANDER AKOR OWOICHO 2009/1/32596EH

3. JIBRIL ABDULGAFAR 2010/1/35788EH

4. ADELODUN EMMANUEL TIMILEHIN 2010/1/39209EH

5. ABDULAZEEZ AHMED TOPE 2011/2/39419EH

6. TYOSAA TARZA PAUL 2010/1/36873EH

7. SHEHU HARUNA 2009/1/33518EH

8. MUHAMMAD IBRAHIM 2010/1/35782EH

9. AGBO SAMUEL 2010/1/35154EH

10. ASAMU WALIU TEMIDAYO 2010/1/35761EH

11. OKUS JOHN OKOLO 2010/1/36854EH

12. YUSUF ABDULLAHI 2011/2/3961EH

13. TIAMIYU WALIU KOLA 2009/1/

INTRODUCTION

The system considered for study, simulation and optimization is a cumene

production plant. The process described by Peterson and Schmidt (2002) is taken
as base for simulating the system. The process description of Turton et al. (2003)
provides relevant and valuable dat STRa required for the simulation of the process.
Raw materials fed to the plant are benzene and propylene (may contain propane
as an impurity) in which benzene is in excess. Various unit operations and
processes are required to be taken care of which are described in some detail
below. The major units in the process plant are the reactor section and the
separator section.
PROPERTIES OF CUMENE

Description: Colorless liquid with a sharp, penetrating aromatic or gas-like odour

Boiling Point: 152.4°C
Melting Point: -96.0°C
Density: 0.8618 g/cm3 at 20°C
Refractive Index: 1.4915 at 20°C, 1.489 at 25°C
Solubility: Insoluble in water; miscible in acetone, benzene, and ethanol Flash
Point: 39°C, closed cup
Reactivity: Combustible, not compatible with oxidizers, nitric acid and sulphuric
acid.
OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

To optimize the contents of the flow sheet for minimization of loss of material
along with a greater production of cumene and low requirement of energy.

RELEVANCE
Isopropyl benzene popularly known as cumene is the principal chemical used in
the production of phenol and its co-product acetone on an industrial scale. It is also
the starting material in the production of acetophenone, methyl styrene, diisopropyl
benzene and dicumyl peroxide. Minor uses of cumene include as a thinner for
paints, enamels, and lacquers; as a constituent of some petroleum-based solvents,
such as naphtha; in gasoline blending diesel fuel, and high-octane aviation fuel. It
is also a good solvent for fats and resins and has been suggested as a replacement
for benzene in many of its industrial applications.
Around 98% of cumene is used to produce phenol and its co-product acetone.
However, the requirement of cumene is largely dependent on the use of phenol’s
derivatives which have resulted in increasing requirement rates for cumene. The
largest phenol derivative is bisphenol-A (BPA) which supplies the polycarbonate
(PC) sector. PC resins are consumed in automotive applications in place of
traditional materials such as glass and metals. Glazing and sheet uses, such as
architectural, security and glazing outlets, are also important PC applications. The
third largest use for PC is optical media such as compact discs (CDs) and digital
versatile discs (DVDs). Another phenol derivative is caprolactam which is used
mainly to make nylon 6. It is mainly the resin sector of the nylon market that is
seeing growth. [Schmidt, 2005]
Cumene is produced by the alkylation of benzene with propylene over an acid
catalyst like aluminium chloride, boron trifluoride, phosphoric acid, hydrogen
fluoride, supported phosphoric acid (SPA) etc. The usage of the above catalysts
poses a lot of problems like product quality, lower catalyst activity, environmental
hazard, catalyst non-regenerability etc and has been replaced by zeolites in most of
the processes.

Cumene is produced by the alkylation of benzene with propylene over an acid

catalyst. Catalysts like aluminium chloride, boron trifluoride, hydrogen fluoride
and solid phosphoric acid (SPA) are normally used. Over the years these catalysts
have given way to zeolite based catalysts. There are some inherent problems
associated with the conventional acid catalysts.

Disadvantages of using solid phosphoric acid (SPA) Process

1. Lower activity
2. Catalyst non-regenerability
3. Unloading of spent catalyst from reactor difficult
4. Relative high selectivity to hexyl benzene
5. Significant yield of DIPB

Disadvantages of using Aluminium chloride as catalyst

1. High corrosion
2. Environmental hazard
3. Washing step for catalyst removal.
Production process

The reactant are fed as liquid from their respective storage tanks. After being
pumped up to the required pressure dictated by catalyst operating conditions, the
reactant are mixed, vaporized and heated up to the operating temperature. The
catalyst converts the reactant to the desired and undesired products according to
the reactions listed above. The molar feed ratio is 2:1 benzene to propylene;
propylene conversion is 90%; the product molar selectivity ration is 31:1 cumene
to DIPB. The product gases are cooled to 400c at 25 atm. Pressure to condense
essentially all of the cumene, DIPB, and unreacted benzene to a liquid. The
unreacted propylene and a propane impurity are separated from the liquid and are
used as fuel gas. The liquid stream s sent to two distillation towers. The first
distillation tower separates benzene from cumene and DIPB. The benzene purity
level is 98.1% mole. We have no chemical market for this stream and plan to sell it
as unleaded gasoline. The second distillation towers separates cumene from DIPB.
The cumene is 99.9 mole % pure. The DIPB stream will be sold as fuel oil.

BASIS-Production of 1200kg of cumene per hour

Molar mass of cumene= 120kg/kmole

 1200 /
Number of moles of cumene= 120 / =10kmol/hr.

Reaction equation

Prop le e + Be ze e→Cumene (primary reaction)

Cu e e + prop le e → DIPB (side reaction)

C3H6 + C6H6 → C6H5-C3H7

C3H6 + C6H5-C3H7→C3H7-C6H4-C3H7
31
From the selectivity ratio of cumene to DIPB, =
���� 1

10
Therefore DIPB produced along with 10kmol of cumene is kmol/hr. = 0.323kmol/hr.
31

PROPYLENE BALANCE

From the stoichiometric equation above, 1 mole of cumene is equivalent to 1 mole of benzene
and also equivalent to 1 mole of propylene.

From the reaction equation, 2 moles of propylene is required to produce 1 mole of DIPB.

Therefore propylene required for DIPB = 2 × 0.323kmol/hr. = 0.646kmol/hr.

Propylene required for cumene = 10kmol/hr.

Total propylene that reacted = 10kmol/hr. + 0.646kmol/hr. =10.646kmol/hr.

10.646
At 99 % conversion, actual amount of propylene feed = = 10.753kmol/hr.
0.99

10.753
Total amount of propylene feed including propane impurity at 95% propylene = /
0.95
=11.316kmol/hr.

Amount of propane in the feed = 11.316kmol/hr. -10.753kmol/hr. = 0.563kmol/hr.

Amount of unreacted propylene = 10.753kmol/hr. -10.646kmol/hr. = 0.107kmol/hr.

BENZENE BALANCE

From stoichiometry, I mole of cumene requires I mole of benzene

Therefore, amount of benzene required to produce 10kmol/hr. of cumene is 10kmol/hr. of

benzene

Also 1 mole of benzene is required to produce one mole of DIPB. Therefore amount of benzene
required to produce 0.323kmol/hr. of DIPB is 0.323kmol/hr.

Total benzene that reacted is = 10kmol/hr. +0.323kmol/hr. = 10.323kmol/hr.

The feed ratio of benzene to propylene is 2:1, therefore amount of benzene fed into the reactor
is = 2 x 10.753kmol/hr. =21.506kmol/hr.

Amount of excess benzene = 21.506kmol/hr. – 10.323kmol/hr. =11.183kmol/hr.

Benzene product stream =11.183/0.981= 11.40kmol/hr.

Amount of cumene present in the benzene stream =11.40kmol/hr.- 11.183kmol/hr.=

0.217kmol/hr.

Benzene feed stock = reacted benzene + excess benzene + cumene from benzene distillation
column =10.323kmol/hr. + 11.183kmol/hr. + 0.217kmol/hr. = 21.723kmol/hr.

BALANCE AROUND THE REACTOR

Feed input = (propylene + propane) + benzene + cumene

Feed input =11.316kmol/hr. +21.506kmol/hr. +0.217kmol/hr.=33.039kmol/hr.

Product output = cumene + propane +unreacted propylene+ excess benzene +recycled

Cumene+ DIPB

Product output =10kmol/hr. + 0.563kmol/hr. + 0.107kmol/hr.+ 11.183kmol/hr. +

0.323kmol/hr.+0.217kmol/hr.= 22.393kmol/hr.

For the feed, the molar percent is calculated using the equation below
 ′ �
Percentage compositions= � 100
� ( )

Propylene =32.55%, propane =1.70%, benzene = 65.09%, cumene =0.66%

′ �
For the reactor output, %composition = � 100
� �

Propylene= 0.48%, propane=2.51%, benzene = 49.94%, DIPB =1.44%

BALANCE AROUND THE SEPARATOR

Feed input into separator = Feed output from the reactor

Total feed input = 22.393kmol/hr.

Propylene in = 0.107kmol/hr., benzene in = 11.183kmol/hr., Cumene in =10kmol/hr., recycled

Cumene = 0.217kmol/hr., DIPB = 0.323kmol/hr., propane= 0.563kmol/hr.

Product output from top =propane + propylene

=0.563kmol/hr. +0.107kmol/hr. =0.67kmol/hr.

Product from bottom =benzene +Cumene + DIPB =11.183kmol/hr. + 10kmol/hr. +

0.217kmol/hr. + 0.323kmol/hr.= 21.723kmol/hr.

Percentage compositions of the separator input: propylene = 0.48%, propane = 2.51%, benzene
= 49.94%, DIPB = 1.44%

Percentage composition of output stream from top: propane = 84.03%, propylene = 15.97%

Percentage composition of output stream from bottom: benzene = 51.48%, cumene = 47.03%,
DIPB =1.49%

BALANCE AROUND THE FIRST DISTILLATION COLUMN

Feed input into the column = product output from the bottom of the separator

Feed in =benzene + cumene + DIPB

Feed in = 11.183kmol/hr. + 10kmol/hr. +0.217kmol/hr. + 0.323kmol/hr. =21.723kmol/hr.

Total top product stream =11.183/0.981=11.40kmol/hr.

Amount of cumene in top product stream = 11.4kmol/hr. -11.183kmol/hr. =0.217kmol/hr.

Bottom product stream=21.723kmol/hr.- 11.40kmol/hr.=10.323kmol/hr.

Percentage composition of the top product stream: benzene =98.1%, cumene = 1.9%

Percentage composition of the bottom product stream: cumene = 96.87%, DIPB =3.13%

BALANCE AROUND THE SECOND DISTILLATION COLUMN

Feed into the second distillation column=10.323kmol/hr.

Amount of cumene entering the second distillation column after recycling = 10kmol/hr.

Cumene product stream = 10/0.999 =10.01kmol/hr.

Amount of DIPB present in cumene product stream =10.01kmol/hr.- 10kmol/hr. =0.01kmol/hr.

Amount of DIPB in the bottom of the second distillation column= 0.323kmol/hr-0.01kmol/hr.=

0.313kmol/hr.

Percentage composition of cumene in the top product stream: cumene = 99.9%, DIPB = 0.1%
14

5. ENERGY BALANCE

Basis: Per hour of operation

The gases viz. Propylene, propane, benzene enter at 25°C and benzene enters at

80°C.

To calculate the temperature of the mixture of gases after compression to 25 atm :

Cp values (J/mole K) at avg temperature of 53°C

Propylene 64.18

Propane 73.89

Benzene 82.22

Propylene in feed = 10.753kmoles/hr.

Benzene in feed = Benzene fed + recycled Benzene

= 21.723kmol/hr.

Assuming that propylene is 95% pure

Therefore propane in feed =0.563kmol /hr.

Total feed = Benzene + Propane + Propylene= 10.753kmol + 21.723kmol + 0.563kmol = 33.039kmol

Hence, Xbenzene = 0.657,Xpropylene = 0.325 , Xpropane= 0.017

Cp avg =XbenzeneCpbenzene+ XpropaneCppropane+ Xpropylene Cppropylene

Cp avg = (0.657x82.22) + (0.017x73.89) + (0.017x64.18)

= 56.366 J/mole K

Temperature of the stream after mixing:

Cp value J/kmole k at 300C

Propylene 64.52
Propane 70.17

Benzene 98.20

(10.753x 64.52 + 10.323x 98.20 + 0.563 x 70.17) x 10 3 x (T-25)

= 11.183 x 86.22 x 103 x (80-T)

1747007.87(T-25)= 964198.26(80 –T)

80-T = 1.8118(T-25)

T = 44.560C

P1=1 atm, T1= 44.560C

P2 = 25 atm, To find T2

Considering isentropic process, we have

T2 = T1 (P2 /P1) (R/cpaverage)

= 44.56(25 /1) (8.3142/71.38)

= 64.83 °C

Cp a g at . °C ≈Cp a g at °C = . 8 J/ mole K

Assuming that the exit stream from pre-heater leaves at 100 °C

For the products from the reactor,

m = cumene+DIPB+Benzene+propane

=10 + 0.323 + 0.563 + 11.183

= 22.069kmole/hr.

To find Cp avg at (250+100) /2 =175°C, Cp J /mole K

Propane 107.76

Cumene 205.24
Di-isopropyl Benzene 302.97

Propylene 97.60

Benzene 121.19

Cp avg = 0.453 x 205.24 + 0.026 x 302.97 + 0.507 x121.19

+ 0.015x107.76

= 163.999 J/mole K

For the reactants leaving the pre-heater:

Total moles = propylene+benzene+propane

= 10.753 + 21.506 + 0.563 =

= 32.822k moles/hr.

Heat balance around the pre-heater

22.069 x 163.999(250 – 100) x103 =32.822x 71.38(T – 64.83) x 103

542894.09 = 2342.834(T -64.83)

T = 296.560C

The reactants have to be further heated to the reaction temperature of 250 °C before being

fed to the reactor.

To find saturated steam required:

Cp avg of reactants has to be determined at (296.56 + 250)/2=273.28 °C

Cp value at average temperature of 273.280C, J/kmole K

Propane 117.76

Propylene 97.60 Type equation here.

Benzene141.19

Cp avg=0.3276x 97.60 + 0.6552 x 141.19 + 0.0172 x 117.76

= 126.507 J/mole K

M Cp avg(250-100)=MSteam λ

32.822x 126.507(250-100) x 103 = Mx 2676

M =233008.57kg/hr.

Energy balance around the reactor

Enthalpy of reactants + heat evolved = Q + Enthalpy of products

∑ Cp dT rea ta ts + heat e ol ed = Q + ∑ Cp dT produ ts

Heat evolved = 23.7683 K Cal / g mole =99.3964 KJ/g mole

Moles of cumene produced = 10kmol /hr.

Heat evolved =99.3964 x 10 x 103 = 993964KJ/hr.

∑ Cp dT rea ta ts = . . -25) + 21.723 x 93.97(250-25) + 0.563 x 97.34(250-25)

=684.22 x 106KJ/h

∑mcpdT for product =0.563 X 117.76 X103 (250-25) + 11.183 X 93.97 X 103(250-25) + 0.323 X 267.19 X
103(250-25) =270.78 X 106KJ/hr

993964 + 270.78 x 106 = Q + 684.22x 106

Q= 58052400KJ/hr

BALANCE AROUND FIRST DISTILLATION COLUMN

Feed input = 21.723kmol

D= 11.40kmol

W= 10.323kmol

Assuming a reflux ratio of 0.5,

L = 0.5D = 0.5 x11.40 = 5.70kmol

V = L + D =5.70 + 11.40 =17.10kmol

Enthalpy of vapour, H = V( λ + Cp(Tb –To)), taking reference temperature of To=1370C

B.P of benzene at 1atm =80.1oC

Λ for e ze e = . 3
KJ/kg ,cp =1.22KJ/kg K

HV =58034160.95KJ

For the distillate , enthalpy HD = 11.40 x 1.22980.(80.1-137) =791.3652KJ

For the reflux, enthalpy HL = 5.7 x 1.22(80.1 -137) = -395.6826KJ/hr

HD + HL+QC =HV

QC =58033765.23KJ/hr

DISTILLATION COLUMN TWO

Feed = 10.323kmol/hr

D = 10.010kmol/hr

W =0.313kmol/hr

Enthalpy of vapor that goes at the top:

values of Cumene,

Hv= V(λ+CP(Tb-TO))

Taking reference temperature To=TF= 153.4 °C

B.P. of Cumene at 1 atm = 152.4 °C

λ= . KJ/kg

CP= 1.6931 KJ/kg °K

V = D + L = 15.015kmol/hr

Hv= 4711.909703KJ/hr

HD=10.01X1.6931X (152.4-153.4) =-16.94KJ/hr

HL=5.05X1.693X (152.4-153.4) =- 8.5497KJ/hr

QC= HV –HD- HL

4711.909703-(-16.94)-(-8.5497)= 4703.519403

B.P. of water at 25 atm = 223.85°C

Latent heat of vaporisation = 2437 KJ/kg

Assuming that water at 25 °C is used for quenching

Cp of water at T avg = (25+223.8)/2=124.43°C is 3.7656 KJ/kg °C

= m Cp (223.85 – + λ

54.58 x 10

=m (3.7656 x 198.85 +2437)

m = 1.713233 x 10

kg/hr

19

Distillation Column –1 :

To find the temperature at which the product stream is fed to distillation column –

1:

At P1= 25 atm, T1= 200 °C

At P2 =1 atm T2 = ?

Cp avg at 100 °C = 0.6126 x 163.42 +0.0095 x 243.76 + 0.1673 x 107.01

+0.2105 x 79.47

= 137.05 J/gm mole

T2 = T1(P2 /P1)
R/Cp avg

=100(1/25)

8.314 / 137.05

=82.26

This is further cooled to 25 °C and fed to the distillation column.

F=1749.72 kmoles/hr

D=368 kmoles/hr

W=1381.72 kmoles/hr

Enthalpy of vapor that goes as overhead :

Hv= Latent heat of vaporisation + sensible heat

As propa e is the ajor o stitue t that goes ith the o erhead, taki g λa d Cp alues

of Propane,

H =V λ+ Cp T –To )]

Assuming a reflux ratio of 0.5, we have R=L/D =0.5

L=0.5 D =0.5 x 368 x 44 =8096 kg/hr

V=L+D=8096+16192 =24288 kg/hr

Taking reference temperature as the temperature at which feed enters,

20

T0=25 °C ; Tb= 42.1 °C , Cp =2.41 KJ/kg °C

λ= . KJ/g = . KJ/kg

There fore Hv =24288 [425.1 + 2.41 ( 42.1 –25 )]

=11.3257 x 10

6
KJ/hr

HD=DCp(Tb –T0)

=16192 x 2.41 ( 42.1 –25 )

=6.673 x 10

KJ/hr

HL=L Cp (Tb –T0)

=8096 x 2.41 (42.1 –25)

=3.336 x 10

KJ/hr

Taking enthalpy balance around the condenser,

Hv= Qc+HD+HL

11.3257 x 10

= Qc+6.675 x10

+3.336x 10

Qc= 10.325 x 10

KJ/hr

Cooling water requirement :

Let us assume inlet and exit water temperature as 25°C and 45 °C

Cp=4.18 KJ/kg °C
There fore Qc= msteam

CpdT

10.325 x 10

= msteam

x 4.18x 20

m=123.5 x 10

kg/hr

Total enthalpy balance :

HF+ QB= HD+ QC+ HW

21

To find HW:

HW=WCp avg (Tb –T0)

By using pi = XiPi and checking Pt = 760 mm Hg we found Tb = 137

Cp avg = 0.776 x 176.32 + 0.01199 x 257.11 + 0.2120 x 110.73

= 174 J/mole K

= 174 kJ/kmole K

Mavg= 111.72 kg/kmole

Therefore Cp avg = 174 / 111.72

=1.5575 KJ/kg K

Hw = 1381.72 x 1.5575(137-25) x 111.72

= 26.927 x 10
6

KJ/hr

HF= 0 [ because TF= T0 ]

QB=HD+ QC+ HW- HF

= 6.673 x 10

+ 10.325 x 10

+26.927 x 10

-0

=37.92 x 10

KJ/hr

Saturated steam required :

QB= msteam

37.92 x 10

= msteam

x 2256.9

msteam

= 16801.5 kg/hr

22

Distillation Column – 2 :

F = 154160 kg/hr enters at 137 °C

D = 15969.4 kg/hr

W = 138190 kg/hr

Benzene vapor from the top is recycled. Assuming very small propane content to be a

part of Benzene stream .

Again assuming R = 0.5 = L/D

Hence, L = 0.5 x 15969.4 =7984.7 kg/hr.

V = L+D = 167954.1 kg/hr

Enthalpy of vapor Hv9

&S
7b –T0) ]

Taking referenced temperature T0= TF= 137 °C

B.P. of Benzene at 1 atm = 80.1 °C = Tb

RI %HQ]HQH FDO JP

= 393.8818 KJ/gm

=393.88 x 10*3KJ/kg

Cp of Benzene vapor at 80.1 °C = 22.83 cal/gm mole

= 95.52 J/gm mole K

= 1.2246 KJ/kg °K

Hv= 167954.1 [ 393.8818 + 1.2246 ( 80.1 –137 )]

= 64.94 x 10

KJ/hr

HD= 15969.4 x 1.2246 (80.1 –137 )

= -1.1127 x 10

KJ/hr.
23

HL= L Cp (Tb –T0)

= 7984.7 x 1.2246 (80.1 –137 )

= -0.55637 x 10

KJ/hr

Hv = QC+ HL +HD

54.45 x 10

= QC –0.55637 x 10

–1.1127 x 10

QC= 56.12 x 10

KJ/hr

Cooling water requirement :

Let us assume inlet and exit water temperature as 25°C and 45 °C

Cp=4.18 KJ/kg °C

There fore Qc= msteam

CpdT

54.45 x 10

= msteam

x 4.18 x 20
msteam = 67.128 x 10

kg/hr

Total enthalpy balance :

HF + QB= HV+ QC+Hw

To find HW:

w = 138190 Kg/hr

Tb= TF for distillation column –3

= 153.4 °C

Cp avg § &S RI &XPHQH

= 1.91 KJ/kg °C

Hw= 138190 x 1.91(153.4 –137)

= 3.0774 x 10

KJ/hr

HF= 0 [ because TF= T0 ]

24

QB= 54.94 x 10*6

+ 65.11 x 10*6

+4.06 x 10*6

-12.245 x 10*6

= 11.46 x 10*7 KJ/hr

Saturated steam required :

QB= msteam

11.46 x 10*7
= msteam

x 2256.9

msteam = 50.81 x 10*3 kg/hr

Distillation column –3 :

F = 138190 kg/hr

D = 129051 kg/hr

w = 9139 kg/hr

Enthalpy of vapor that goes at the top:

$V &XPHQH LV WKH PDMRU FRQVWLWXHQW WKDW JRHV ZLWK WKH RYHUKHDGWDNLQJDQG &S

values of Cumene,

Hv9>
&S
7b –T0) ]

Taking reference temperature T0=TF= 153.4 °C

B.P. of Cumene at 1 atm = 152.4 °C

RI &XPHQH FDOJP

= 312.1264 KJ/kg

Cp of Cumene vapor at 152.4 °C = 0.4047 cal/gm °K

= 1.6931 KJ/kg °K

V = D + L = 129051 + 68655.1

25

=197706.1 kg/hr

Hv= 197706.1[ 312.1264 + 1.6931 ( 152.4 –153.4)]

= 61.3745 x 10*6 KJ/hr

HD= D Cp (Tb –T0)

= 129051 x 1.6931(152.4 –153.4)

= -0.218496 x 10*6 KJ/hr

HL= L Cp(Tb –T0)

= 68655.1 x 1.6931(152.4 –153.4)

= -0.116239 x 10*6 KJ/hr

Hv= QC+ HD+HL

61.3745 x 10*6

= QC –0.218496 x 10*6

-0.116239 x 10*6

QC= 61.71 x 10*6 KJ/hr

Cooling water requirement :

Let us assume inlet and exit water temperature as 25°C and 45 °C

Cp=4.18 KJ/kg °C

There fore Qc= msteam

CpdT

61.71 x 10*6

= msteam

x 4.18 x 20

msteam= 73.8148 x 10*3 kg/hr

Total enthalpy balance :

HF + QB= HV+ QC+Hw

To find HW:

W = 9139 kg/hr

Hw= W Cp avg (Tb –T0)

26

Tbat xw= 0.2934 =184.5 °C

Cp avg at 184.5 °C = 0.013x 214.1952 + (1 –0.013) x 288.93

= 287.9584 J/mole °K

= 2.88795 KJ/kg °K

Hw= 9139 x 2.8795(184.5 –153.4)

= 81.84 x 10*4 KJ/hr

HF= 0 [ because TF= T0 ]

QB= HV+ QC+ HW- HF

= 61.3745 x 10*6

+ 73.8143 x 10*3

+ 81.84 x 10*4

=62.2667 x 10*6 KJ/hr

Saturated steam required :

QB= msteam

62.2667 x 10*6

= msteam

x 2256.9

msteam

= 27589.5 kg/hr
 QUANTITATIVE FLOW SHEET SHOWING THEMATERIAL
BALANCEFOR THE PRODUCTION OF 1200Kg (10 kmol) OF

NTS REACTOR REACTOR SEPARATOR SEPARATOR DISTILLATION DISTILLATION DISTILLATION

INPUT(kmol/hr) OUTPUT INPUT OUTPUT COLUMN 1 COLUMN 1 COLUMN 2
(kmol/hr) (kmol/hr) (kmol/hr) INPUT OUTPUT INPUT
(kmol/hr) (kmol/hr) (kmol/hr)
T B T B
21.506 11.183 11.183 - 11.183 11.183 11.183 - -

E 10.753 0.107 0.107 0.107 - - - - -

0.563 0.563 0.563 0.563 - - - - -

0.217 0.217 10.217 - 10.217 10.217 0.217 10.00 10.00

- 0.323 0.323 - 0.323 0.323 - 0.323 0.323

32.859 12.393 22.393 0.67 21.723 21.723 11.40 10.323 10.323

CUMENE PER HOUR.

T = TOP PRODUCT

B= BOTTOM PRODUCT