PIPELINE RADIAL BEND FORCES

DESCRIPTION: CHAINAGE10+100 BEND #: AP-1

DESIGN DATA:

PIPE MATERIAL: API 5L GR X-46

YIELD STRESS= 46000.00 psi. = 317.24 N/sq.mm.
ELASTICITY MODULUS 30000000 psi. = 206897 N/sq.mm.
PIPE OD = 406.40 mm. = 16.00 in.
WALL THK. = 12.95 mm. = 0.51 in.

COEFF.OF TH. EXP= 0.000012 / DEG.C

POISSON'S RATIO= 0.30
P/LINE TIE-IN TEMP.= 20.00 DEG.C
COEFF. OF FRICTION B/W PIPE & SOIL = 0.40
COATING THICKNESS= 2.10 mm = 0.08 in.
COATING DENSITY= 59.90 lb/cft. = 959.98 kg/cu.m.
INSULATION THICKNES 0.00 mm = 0.00 in.
INSULATION DENSITY= 0.00 lb/cft. = 0.00 kg/cu.m.
BEND ANGLE= 22.50 DEG. = 0.39 RAD.
BEND RADIUS= 32.00 ft. = 9.75 m.

DEPTH OF BURIAL= 1.22 m. = 4.00 ft.

SOIL DENSITY= 110.00 lb/cft. = 1762.79 kg/cu.m.

PIPE ID = 380.49 mm. = 14.98 in.

CROSS-SEC.AREA = 16011.75 sq.mm. = 24.82 sq.in.

OPERATING PRESSURE(lb/sq.in)= 1450.00

OPERATING TEMPERATURE(C)= 65.00
HOOP STRESS(lb/sq.in.) 22745.10
NET LONG.COMP.STRESS(lb/sq.in)= 8971
AXIAL TH. EXP. FORCE(lb)= 504903
UNIT WT. OF PIPE(lb/ft)= 84.37
PRODUCT S.G.= 0.66
UNIT WT. OF LINE FILL(lb/ft)= 50.41
UNIT WT. OF COATING(lb/ft)= 0.0121
UNIT WT. OF INSULATION(lb/ft)= 0.00
FRICTION FORCE(lb/ft)= 845.58

ALLOW. PIPE DEFLECTION(in)= 0.25

FRICTION FORCE AT BEND(lb)= 161325
EFFECTIVE ANCHOR FORCE(lb)= 343579

RESULT.RADIAL BEND FORCE,Fp= 134058 lb. = 60825 kg.

SOIL RESISTANCE,R= 33327 lb. = 15121 kg.

SINCE Fp>R, ANCHOR BLOCK IS REQUIRED

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PIPELINE RADIAL BEND FORCES - ANCHOR BLOCK DESIGN

DESCRIPTION: CHAINAGE10+100 BEND #: AP-1

ANCHOR BLOCK SIZE:

WIDTH = 10.00 ft.
DEPTH = 5.00 ft.
LENGTH = 10.00 ft.

CONCRETE DENSITY= 140.00 lb/cft.

COEFF. OF FRICTION B/W CONCRETE & SOIL 0.40
SOIL PRESSURE ON SIDES OF ANCHOR BLOC 33.30 lb/sft/ft DEPTH
SOIL RESISTANCE ON ANCHOR BLOCK,Ra= 146763.34 lb.

CONCLUSION: ANCHOR BLOCK IS ADEQUATE