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When and Where To Use Tinning
When and Where To Use Tinning
Why Coat Wire? purpose is to extend the and silver-coated wire has
Similarly, wire coatings operating temperature exceptional solder properties.
are chosen based on the range of affordable bare
properties they impart to the wire, taking it to 450°C Unfortunately, these desirable
base wire. or higher, depending on properties come at a price.
coating thickness. It remains Silver coating can be
Tinning provides an stable over time or with extremely expensive due to
improvement in the operating small changes in operating the raw material costs and to
temperature range, water temperature. Like tinning, the electroplating and drawing
resistance, and mechanical nickel coating’s crimp process required to coat the
strength of bare copper terminability is initially good, wire.
wire. In addition, tinning is but contact resistance
considered a soldering aid. deteriorates with time. Why Choose Tinning?
Note that solderability and As discussed, tinning copper
conductivity do degrade over Unfortunately, nickel coating wire imparts desirable
time and/or rise in temperature has only 25% of copper’s characteristics to bare copper
because of the migration of tin electrical conductivity and, in wire:
and copper and tin oxidation. most cases, reduces a wire’s
Crimp terminability is initially overall conductivity. In addition, • Soldering improvement
quite good, but contact unlike other coatings, nickel
resistance increases with time. coating requires active flux • Operating temperature range
during solder. improvement
Despite its shortcomings,
tinning is an extremely Silver coating can greatly • Water and general corrosion
affordable coating that, if improve the conductivity of resistance
worked shortly after coating wire materials other than
and allowed to age without copper and also improves • Good crimp terminability
changes, is an extremely the operating temperature
affordable solution for the range of bare wire. Its • Affordability
improvements it imparts to conductivity remains stable
bare wire. and its solderability is good Historically, tinning was used
over the life of the wire. to protect bare wire from
Nickel coating’s primary Contact resistance stays low, the corrosion caused by the
WHEN AND WHERE TO USE TINNING
make-up of the wire itself — copper chemically such as water or pulp treatment operations.
reacted with the freed sulfur ions released In fact, tinned conductors can extend wire
from wiring insulation. Modern chemistry has life by ten times compared to bare wire. Its
since created more stable wiring insulation, and affordability makes it extremely cost effective
tinning is usually not required just to prevent in nearly any application for which corrosion
corrosion from within. However, while not as resistance and higher operating temperatures
commonly used, sulfur-bearing power-cable are required.
insulations or chlorosulfonated polyethylene
(CPSE) still require tinning to protect copper Choose Tinning Type
wire from sulfur-caused (i.e., copper sulfide)
corrosion. When specifying tinning, it is just as important to
specify tinning type. Consider the requirements
Tinning, today, is considered one of the of tinned copper for your particular application.
best choices for wire that will be exposed to The most common tinning types, their makeup,
corrosive or harsh environments, including and characteristics are described in the
marine environments or industrial environments following table.
Tinning Types
WHEN AND WHERE TO USE TINNING
Email: cmaoh@cmacable.com