Rohingya Language –>

- Rohingya, also known as Ruáingga, is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Rohingya

people of Rakhine State, Myanmar.
- The Rohingya is a Sunni Muslim ethnic minority in Myanmar and Bangladesh.
- Attempts have been made to write Rohingya using Arabic, Urdu and Latin scripts, as well
as Hanifi, a unique script developed for Rohingya. Overall 1.8 million speaker around
world.
- most Rohingyas found it difficult to read the language in either version.
- Molana Hanif and his colleagues developed a new set of right-to-left oriented characters
based mainly on Arabic script, with a few borrowings from Roman and Burmese

Spoken & Written

- Rohingya is a language spoken by the Rohingya people
of Arakan (Rakhine), Burma (Myanmar). It is closely related to the Chittagonian
language spoken in the neighboring southeastern Chittagong Division of Bangladesh. It
also has a large number
of Urdu, Persian, Hindi, Arabic, Burmese and English loanwords.*
- Various writing systems are used, including Arabic, Urdu, Hanifi-Script and Burmese,
and the newer Rohingyalish, based on the Roman alphabet.*
- Written in Arabic script, the first Rohingya language texts are more than 300 years old.
While Arakan was under British rule (1826–1948), the Rohingya people used mainly
English and Urdu for written communication.
- Soon afterwards, E.M. Siddique took a different approach, using Latin letters only. The
result is a writing system known as Rohingyalish that comprises 26 Roman letters, five
accented vowels, and two additional Latin characters for retroflex and nasal sounds.
- In addition to the present script, three others are used for writing Rohingya: Burmese,
Arabic, and Latin.

Committee establish for Hanifi Rohingya

- The script was developed by the Rohingya Language Committee in the 1980s under the
guidance of Maulana Mohammed Hanif.
- The script is a modern construction and has no direct genetic affiliation to other writing
systems. However, the influence of Arabic is evident in the general appearance and
structure of the script, and some letter shapes are influenced by characters from the Latin
and Myanmar scripts.

History of Rohingya
- As the Rohingya community is largely Muslim. It is also substantially influenced by the
neighboring Rakhine language, and has adopted technical and academic words from
standard Myanmar. The Rohingya language has different dialects within Rakhine State.
- The Rohingya people are a stateless Indo-Aryan ethnic group who predominantly follow
Islam and reside in Rakhine State, Myanmar (previously known as Burma). Before the
Rohingya genocide in 2017, when over 740,000 fled to Bangladesh, an estimated 1.4
million Rohingya lived in Myanmar.

Spoken Area
- It is an Eastern Indo-Aryan language belonging to the Bengali–Assamese branch, and is
closely related to the Chittagonian language spoken in neighbouring Bangladesh

Actual Rohingya Community

- They are the world's largest stateless population. Without recognition as citizens or
permanent residents of the country, the Rohingya have limited access to education, jobs,
and health services, resulting in chronic poverty and marginalization.
Arabic script
- The first Rohingya language texts, written in Arabic script, are claimed to be more than
200 years old, though there is no concrete evidence about it. While Arakan was under
British rule (1826–1948), the Rohingya people used mainly English and Urdu for written
communication.
- Latin Rohingya script
- In 1999 E.M. Siddique Basu was able to simplify the Rohingya writing using Latin
letters. It is an intuitive writing system which can be learnt easily and is known as
Rohingyalish or Rohingya Fonna that uses only 26 Roman letters, five accented vowels,
and two additional Latin characters for retroflex and nasal sounds.

- The Rohingya people are an ethnic group from Myanmar, once called Burma. Most
live in Rakhine State on Myanmar's western coast

Rohingya in the world

- About 900,000 Rohingya are currently living in overcrowded camps in Bangladesh,

Rohingya in India
- There are about 16,000 UNHCR-certified Rohingya refugees in India. India does not
have a national policy or a law to deal with refugees

Similar language to Rohingya

- The Rohingya and Chittagonian languages have a high degree of mutual intelligibility.
 https://glosbe.com
 https://learnrohingya.com