29/3/2015

SAB 4412
:: Civil Engineering Information System ::

Assoc. Prof. Sr. Dr. Mohd Zulkifli

bin Mohd Yunus

Interest area: Information Technology Unit of Civil Engineering

Geographic Inf. System
Database
Application software
Engineering software
Web development
(ITUCE) , Faculty of Civil Engineering,
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,
81310 Skudai, Johor Darul Takzim
Telephone
07-5531718 (hp: 019-7355577)

e-mail
mzul@utm.my
drmzmy@yahoo.com

:: Information Management ::

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:: ITUCE::

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Information Management
:: Introduction ::

COST

Budget
Man
Report
COST Power
analysis Risk
Analysis
Drawing
Construction
TIMEProject Cost
Chart

Machinery
Analysis
QUALITY Contract
sheets

Document

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:: ITUCE::

information technology generally has

been misused

Information management has been

accepted as an essential management
Computer have been used to discipline in the manufacturing,
generate more and more paper aerospace and defence industries for
without anyone necessarily looking at many years. These industries spend
the real needs of the consumer, in over 0.5% of their turnover on 4
this case the project team. information management

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Information Management
:: Why Bother Managing Information? ::

The need to change the traditional systems of information control have

worked in the past.

1. traditional methods have not always worked (Late supply of

information, for instance, is a common occurrence)

2. is that the scale of building work has changed. While the need to
manage information has always been with us, it is easier to get
away with homemade systems when projects are few and small.
The numbers of people and organisations that any one individual
has to communicate with has also increased.

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Information Management
:: Why Bother Managing Information? (cont…) ::

In simple terms, information management means ensuring that

information about a project is communicated to

i. whoever needs it,

ii. whenever they need it,
iii. in whatever form they need it,

so that they may meet their objectives for the project.

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Information Management
:: Project co-ordination, the needs and benefits ::

In the traditional method of procurement, there are many parties involved

directly in a wide range of activities. One of these activities is the
translation of the client brief into design or from design into a constructed
building.

For example, during the pre-tender stage, the architect, engineers, client
and cost advisor share and exchange information and data that evolves
as the design progresses. At the early stage of project life cycle, such co-
ordinations are essential to ensure the success of the project.

Co-ordination is basically a management tool and can be defined as the

bringing into a proper relation of the various activities related to a project,
or causing these activities to function together, or in a proper order.

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Information Management
:: Project co-ordination, the needs and benefits (cont…) ::

Project Conceptual Detail Construction Construction Operation

Feasibility Program
Phase Design Design Planning

Data
Sketches Estimate As-Built
Output Report Drawings Drawings
Spec. Schedule Drawings
& Input

Data is prone to errors because it is extracted, transferred, interpreted, and

repackaged very frequently.

Therefore, it is important to manage the flow of information in order to avoid

or minimise the problems.

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Information Management
:: Project information and information technology ::

Project information can be defined as the information that describes the

physical facility (product) and is required for managing its process. A
typical set of project information may include site survey, cost analysis,
design drawings, specifications, regulations, bill of quantities, project
planning, job costing, estimates, valuations, material management, facility
management, etc.

This information is usually handled by different departments within one

organisation or different organisations, resulting in long loops. These
loops can cause lengthy delays and inconsistencies of data used by
different departments.

Sharing and maintaining this information among multiple disciplines and

throughout a project’s life cycle is a complex and difficult task. However,
such flow of information needs to be managed so that it will be received or
accessed when required.
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Information Management
:: Project information and information technology (cont…) ::

Information technology (IT) becomes a vital tool for managing the

information. IT is a generic term used to describe all types of computer
and communication technologies applied in the acquisition, storage
and retrieval of information.

Current IT tools provide excellent means of transmitting the syntax of

information, but do not as yet have the capability to communicate the
“meaning” of the information which are supposed to be conveyed to
other participants in the construction process.

Many studies have suggested that IT has the potential to be the most
powerful tool for re-engineering the construction process by improving
the performance of traditional processes.

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Information Management
:: Project information and information technology (cont…) ::

Despite the potential use of IT as a tool for managing the information flow,
the supply of information to the industry is still in poor condition.

Q Information does not follow in a common format or description and is

hard to find and use;

Q The source of information to the construction industry is fragmented

and diverse;

 Information is often of unreliable quality and is not easily searchable or

useable;

 Different access methods and user interfaces make it difficult to use a

variety of information sources;
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Information Management
:: Project information and information technology (cont…) ::

The above statements is also supported by other construction organisations,

which also revealed that the underlying causes of the problems in the
adoption and utilisation of integrated IT systems, can be attributed to;

q poor management and communication;

q the fragmented nature of the industry;
q lack of standardisation and uniform procedures;
q the number of participants involved in construction projects;

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Information Management
:: Project information and information technology (cont…) ::

What is Information?
Information Management

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Information Management
:: Project information and information technology (cont…) ::
Ramalan Anak Lelaki atau Perempuan
Umur Calon Ibu = 31 Umur Calon Ibu = 23 Umur Calon Ibu = 23
Mula Mengandung = Bulan April Mula Mengandung = Bulan Nov. Mula Mengandung = Bulan Sept.
Anak = Perempuan Anak = Lelaki Anak = Lelaki

Umur Calon Ibu = 18 Umur Calon Ibu = 45

Mula Mengandung = Bulan Mei. Mula Mengandung = Bulan Jun
Anak = Lelaki Anak = Lelaki
……….

Information Management

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Information Management
:: Project information and information technology (cont…) ::

Information Management

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Information Management
:: Project information and information technology (cont…) ::

not really understand with the given information

Information Management

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Information Management
:: Project information and information technology (cont…) ::

Information Management

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Information Management
:: Project information and information technology (cont…) ::

not Complete Information

Information Management

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Information Management
:: Project information and information technology (cont…) ::

Information Management

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Information Management
:: Project information and information technology (cont…) ::

Information management ?
Information Management

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Information Management
:: Project information and information technology (cont…) ::

Management Evolutions
Data
Management

Information
Management

Information Management
Knowledge
Management

Wisdom
Management

?????
Management 21
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Information Management
:: Project information and information technology (cont…) ::

What is a System?
Collection of interrelated components working together
toward some common objective
Information
Engineered system: Management
collection of interrelated components
humanly designed to fulfill some specific purpose
Natural system: collection of interrelated components
naturally designed to fulfill some specific purpose

Support life or Enhance quality-of-life

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Information Management
:: Project information and information technology (cont…) ::

Information Management

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Information Management
:: Project information and information technology (cont…) ::

What is
Information Management
Information Management System?

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Structural Information System

Example…..

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http://www.emporis.com

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http://www.structurae.de/en

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Geological Information System

Example…..

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Hydrological Information System

Example…..

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Information Management
:: Project information and information technology (cont…) ::

How to develop Information

Information Management
management System?

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Information Management

System Development Life Cycle

The six Phases of Systems Analysis & Design
1 . Preliminary
investigation

6 . Systems 2 . Systems
maintenance analysis

5 . Systems 3 . Systems
implementation design

4 . Systems
development
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:: ITUCE:: Williams & Sawyer (2003). Using Information Technology , McGraw-Hill

Information Management

Phase 1
Conduct a Preliminary Investigation

Preliminary analysis
– starting the objectives, defining nature and scope of problem

Propose alternative solution

– leave system alone, make it more efficient, or build a new system

Describe cost and benefits of each solution

Submit a preliminary plan with recommendations

– written report

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Information Management

Phase 2
Do an Analysis of the System

Gather Data
– using tools of written documents, interviews, questionnaires & observations

Analyze The Data

– using modeling tools: grid chart, data flow diagrams, connectivity diagrams

Write a Report
– phase documentation

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Information Management

Phase 3
Design the System

Do a preliminary design

– using CASE tools, prototyping tools & project management software.

Do a detail design

– defining requirements for output, input, storage & processing and system
controls and backup

Write a Report
– phase documentation

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Information Management

Phase 4
Develop the System

Acquire software

Acquire hardware

Test the system

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Information Management

Phase 5
Implement the System

Convert to the new system

– convert hardware, software & files through one of four types of
conversions : direct, parallel, phased or pilot.

Compile final documentation

– all-phase documentation

Train the user

– in-house training

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Information Management

Phase 6
Maintain the System

Keep the system running through system audits and by making

changes based on new conditions.

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Information Management

Staying Dynamic!
Information Systems
are dynamic, are
ever changing, and
must be constantly
upgraded.

Monthly
Technology
Update
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Information Management

The System Life Cycle

Birth Development Production Death

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