THEORIES OF PERSONALITY

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
1. The test booklet contains 100 test questions.
2. Read INSTRUCTIONS TO EXAMINEES printed on your answer sheet.
3. Shade only one (1) box for each question on your answer sheets. Two or more boxes shaded will
invalidate your answer.
4. AVOID ERASURES.
INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Detach one (1) answer sheet from the bottom of your Examinee ID/Answer Sheet set.
2. Write the subject title on your box provided.
3. Shade Set Box “A” on your answer sheet if your test booklet is Set A, Set B if your test booklet is
Set B.

1. Marvin is angry and upset after an argument with his boss. At home that evening he is harshly
and unreasonably critical of his son for not getting all his homework completed. According to
Freud, Marvin is using.
a. identification
b. repression
c. rationalization
d. displacement

2. Cherry considers herself to be an outgoing, fun-loving person, and she goes to a lot of parties.
Susan, on the other hand, thinks herself as fairly quiet and shy, and enjoys being by herself,
reading a book and listening to classical music. In Jung’s theory, Cherry’s and Susan’s different
behavior reflect.
a. the two basic personality types
b. the two important archetypes
c. a superior complex and inferiority complex
d. penis envy and womb envy

3. Behavioral theories of personality are often criticized for their

a. inability to test or verify concepts
b. limited recognition of temperament motion and subjective factors.
c. ability to explain behavior after the fact only
d. emphasis on the conditions under which behavior occur.

4. Kung balangkas ng isang batas patungkol sa karapatan ng mga kababaihan, alin sa mga
sumusunod ang batayan
a. psychodynamic
b. humanistic
c. behavioristic
d. evolutionary
5. Every time two year old Kati is given a bath, she plays with her genital area. If her parents punish
her, she is likely to experience frustration, which of the following can explain if said child
becomes sexually preoccupied?
a. Freud
b. Skinner
c. Bandura
d. Ericson

6. A personality theory is a(n)

a. category used to describe personality.
b. interrelated system of concepts used to explain personality.
c. relatively permanent set of behavior patterns.
d. subjective evaluation of a person.

7. The actualizing tendency and self-concept are to _______ as reciprocal determination and self-
efficacy are to ______.
a. Abraham Maslow; Hans Eysenck
b. Alfred Adler; Albert Bandura
c. Raymond Cattell; Carl Jung
d. Carl Rogers; Albert Bandura

8. An HR assistant busy selecting from among the applicants the contender for a position of a pre-
school teacher. Who among the following should she choose?
a. an applicant who is thinking extrovert
b. an applicant who is a feeling extrovert
c. an applicant who is a seeming introvert
d. an applicant who is an intuiting introvert

9. Victor is born from a poor family whose parents are illiterate. His parents cannot afford to send
him to school but he wants to be different from his parents. He worked and supported himself.
Now he has already enter a university through scholarship program. What theory of personality
will best explain Victor’s behavior?
a. May
b. Adler
c. Rogers
d. Freud

10. Horney believed that personality was typified by

a. a balance use of the neurotic trends in a neurotic personality.
b. a lack of struggle in the use of the neurotic trends in a healthy individual.
c. a balance between the idealized self-image and real self
d. a consistency in the organismic self and the ideal self
11. Unlike his brother and sister, Cynthia is lax when it comes to her studies. She would normally be
absent or when she comes to school she is usually late or drunk. Everyone was surprise to see
her studying and preparing for the board exams. She had proved them wrong that she is nobody
when she toped the board exam and now a well- known psychologist. What theory can explain
the change in Cynthia’s behavior?
a. Horney
b. May
c. Fromm
d. Adler
12. During the meeting, an employee just went along to the majority decision. This best reflects
which of the following?
a. pakikitungo
b. Hiya
c. pakikibagay
d. pakikisama

13. Miguel is giving a lecture on the five- factor model of personality. Which of the personality
dimensions is not likely to be included in his talk?
a. anal retentiveness
b. extraversion
c. neuroticism
d. agreeableness

14. If a psychologist relies heavily on interview techniques rather than self- report, said psychologist
is influenced by __________ paradigm.
a. trait
b. humanistic
c. cognitive
d. behaviorist

15. Sheila was often rejected by her parents, as a result she mistrust other people and treats them
with hostility, which leads to the rejection of her. The cycle of rejection, mistrust and further
rejection illustrates
a. self-efficacy
b. identification
c. self- fulfilling prophecy
d. reciprocal determinism

16. __________ theory maximized and _________ theory minimized the role of the unconscious
a. Trait; humanistic
b. Psychoanalytic; behaviorist
c. Psychoanalytic; humanistic
d. Trait; behaviorist
17. Darwin is employed by his university as a telephone operator for a fund- raising drive. He lists
aset amount of money for every ten calls he makes, regardless of whether he is successful in
raising funds. Darwin’s telephone is reinforced on schedule of reinforcement
a. fixed- interval
b. variable- interval
c. fixed- ratio
d. variable- ratio

18. David is a very quiet, pessimistic, anxious and becomes emotionally upset very easily. His
personality type is
a. introverted- neurotic
b. introverted- stable
c. extraverted- neurotic
d. extraverted- stable

19. According to Jung, art, religion, myths, and drama are important to individual functioning
because they
a. facilitate conscious development.
b. are symbols that appeal to basic archetypes.
c. provide the means of achieving control over a hostile environment .
d. transparent specific information for solving the developmental task.

20. One of Freud’s major contributions was his

a. belief that the first years of life help to shape personality.
b. belief in the concept of libido, sexual desires, and biological instincts.
c. discovery of complexes during the genital stage.
d. elaboration of the humanistic approach to personality development.

21. What do psychologist mean by the term trait- situation interaction?

a. Situation change traits.
b. Situation create new traits.
c. Traits determine situations.
d. Situation affects how traits are exhibited.

22. Juan is a very experienced car mechanic who believes he can fix any problem of a car or truck.
Juan is demonstrating
a. self- concept
b. superiorly complex
c. self- efficacy
d. actual tendency

23. Gina loves playing the slot machine even though she wins money only once in a while. Gina’s
gaming behavior likely to be very resistant to expectation because
a. partial reinforcement effect
 b. spontaneous recovery
c. stimulus extinction
d. stimulus generalization

24. Psychologist who believe that people grow and develop throughout their lives and that people
are inherently good are
a. psychoanalysts
b. radical behaviorist
c. social learning theorists
d. humanist

25. The highest level of interaction that Filipinos show if others are considered as Hindi-ibang tao.
a. pakikisangkot
b. pakikipagpalagyang- loob
c. pakikiisa
d. pakikisama

26. According to the humanist,__________ occurs when people are free from independence on
external authority or on other people.
a. autonomy
b. spontaneity
c. peak experience
d. task centering

27. A psychiatrist who explains pathological behavior as a conflict between underlying psychological
forces is using the ________ model.
a. psychoanalytical
b. behavioral
c. medical
d. humanistic

28. According to behaviorists,

a. hostile, generous, or destructive impulses arise in the unconscious.
b. personality is acquired through conditioning and observational learning.
c. personality is strongly influenced by one’s self-image.
d. personality develops from initial feelings of inferiority.

29. The need to arise above ones passive accident is

a. individualism
b. self-actualization
c. transcendence
d. style of life
30. The _________ contains material of which you may be unaware but can easily be brought to
awareness.
a. subconscious
b. preconscious
c. unconscious
d. conscious

31. “To pamper a child is the same as to neglect.” This statement is given by
a. Ma’am Oba
b. Carl Rogers
c. Alfred Adler
d. Karen Horney

32. Safeguarding tendencies present exaggerated feelings of superiority against.

a. anxiety
b. guilty
c. public disgrace
d. an uncontrollable id

33. Juan suddenly lost his awareness to his physical surrounding because of a minor accident. Juan
lost which of the following?
a. Diwa
b. Ulirat
c. Kamalayan
d. Isip

34. Which is included as one of the traits Maslow theorized were possessed by self-actualizers?
a. egocentrism
b. extraversion
c. superior intelligence
d. capacity to laugh at oneself

35. It is the last two-minute drive

a. Ningasbao
b. Ningas cogon
c. Pagpupursigi
d. loob

36. A key element of Carl Rogers’ personality theory is the concept of

a. meta-needs.
b. the self of self-image.
c. self-reinforcement.
d. the pleasure principle.
37. According to Freud, the Oedipal and Electra conflicts end when a child takes on the values and
behaviors of the same sex parent in a process called
a. fixation
b. limitation
c. observation
d. identification

38. A person who is high in which the following traits would be most likely to be psychologically and
physically healthy?
a. neurotism, hostility,pessimism
b. extraversion, hardiness, optimism
c. conscientiousness, hostility, extraversion
d. agreeableness, pessimism, introversion

39. ____
40. Selina is noted for her tact, charm, and sociability by her friends and family. Her personality type
is
a. extraverted thinking
b. extraverted feeling
c. introverted judgment
d. introverted feeling

41. Horney believed that cultural conditions are largely responsible for the development of
a. basic trust.
b. basic mistrust.
c. basic anxiety.
d. basic psychoses.

42. Jung believed that there are basic universal concepts in all people regardless of culture called
a. persona.
b. collective consciousness.
c. archetypes.
d. mandalas

43. The description of a person’s character implies

a. the use of rating scales.
b. the use of multiple observers.
c. the use of situational testing.
d. judgment about the desirability of traits.

44. The main criticism of humanistic theory is that

a. it emphasized the negative dimensions of personality.
b. it is research rather than experience oriented.
c. its concepts are imprecise and difficult to study objectively.
 d. its approach is more empirical than philosophical.

45. Best friends Vah, Gina and She failed in their major subject. Both Vah and Gina believed that it’s
the end of the world and blamed their teacher for their failure whereas She sees the failure as a
challenge to improve on her study habits. If She were a psychologist she is probably influence
by:
a. behavioristic
b. humanistic
c. cognitive
d. psychodynamic

45. Horney believed that a competitive and hostile society encourages.

a. hatred.
b. love.
c. isolation.
d. superiority and success.

46. Behaviorists are to the external environment as humanist are to

a. stress.
b. personal growth.
c. humankind.
d. internal conflicts.

47. In conducting research in Filipino Psychology, which of the following would be MOST likely
important in establishing rapport?
a. Pakikisama
b. Pakikitungo
c. Pakikipagpalagayang-loob
d. Pakikibagay

48. Self- actualization refers to

a. a tendency that personality problems.
b. what it is that makes certain men and women famous
c. anyone who is making full use of his or her potential
d. the requirement necessary for becoming famous, academically distinguished, or rich

49. According to the existential view, anxiety is seen as a

a. result of repressed sexuality
b. part of the human condition
c. neurotic symptom that needs to be cured
d. result of faulty learning

50. __________ theories stress private, subjective experience and personal growth.
a. Trait
 b. Humanistic
c. Behavioristic
d. Psychodynamic

51. Horney regarded the idealized self- image and self-hatred as

a. interpersonal conflicts.
b. psychosexual conflicts.
c. psychosocial conflicts.
d. intrapsychic conflicts.

52. Which of the following is an example of a circular thinking commonly manifested among the
traits psychologist.
a. men are basically for they are made in the image and likeness of God
b. men are evil because of their unexpressed complex and complex are unlearned
c. behaviors the are unlearned leads to primary thought process when unlearned leads to
secondary thought process.
d. Stella is a leader where people listen to her. When people listen to her she
demonstrates leadership.

53. Learning sex- appropriate behavior is greatly influence

a. Self- informed and resolution of unconscious conflict
b. Identification and imitation
c. Toilet training and early feeding contacts
d. Valuing and self-regard

54. Which of the following is POOR advice for a person who wishes to promote self- actualization?
a. Seek peak experiences.
b. Take responsibility.
c. Be willing to change.
d. Try to live up to what others think you should be.

55. If you were asked to described the personality of your best friend, and you said she was
optimistic, reserved, and friendly, you would be using the ________ approach.
a. psychodynamic
b. analytical
c. humanistic
d. dispositional

56. Vince experiences headaches every time he is asked to turn in his projects. Vince is experiencing
a. style of life.
b. fictional finalism
c. organ dialect
d. organ inferiority
57. Armida tend to argue whenever her group members do not agree with her ideas, this illustrates
a. cardinal traits
b. central traits
c. secondary traits
d. source traits

58. Henry has a natural aptitude for mathematics and philosophy, according to Jung, his personality
type would be
a. extroverted thinking
b. introverted thinking
c. extroverted sensing
d. introverted sensing

59. According to Adler, the creative power

a. usually leads to outstanding accomplishments.
b. shapes one’s style of life.
c. is a deterministic concept.
d. is a secondary to heredity and environment in shaping personality.

60. Arthur is a shy and timid boy. He operates in this belief that “if I give in, I won’t get hurt”. Arthur
is using
a. moving away
b. moving toward
c. moving against
d. moving on

61. Ed has very few friends. When he is with his classmates he acts like them scholarly; when he is
around his childhood neighbors he is as rude as them and when he is at home he is as meek as
his father. Ed’s personality according to Fromm is
a. hoarding
b. exploitative
c. marketing
d. receptive

62. In Adlers’s view, the main personality for

a. dominance
b. sophistication
c. instincts.
d. superiority

63. An overly strict or harsh superego will cause

a. increasing levels of principle process thinking
b. an anti-social personality
c. inhibition, or intolerable guilt
 d. a breakdown of the libido

64. Concerning pure extroversion and pure introversion, it is most accurate to say
a. a person is either one or the other.
b. most people fall somewhere between these extremes.
c. these terms were coined by the famous Swiss psychologist, Gordon Allport.
d. they represent basic physical traits.

65. Classifying people as having either a Type A or Type B personality has been used to predict.
a. competency as a parent.
b. chances of suffering a heart attack.
c. success in education
d. chances of developing a serious mental illness.

66. Rogers calls the image if the person you would like to be the
a. ego ideal.
b. self archetype.
c. ideal self.
d. reinforced self.

67. Which personality theories attempt to explain behavior by focusing on the inner workings of the
personality including internal conflicts?
a. trait
b. behavioristic
c. psychodynamic
d. humanistic

68. Delaying action until it is appropriate describes the ego’s use of the
a. ego-dystonic behavior
b. ego-systonic behavior
c. primary thought process
d. secondary thought process

69. The psychological situation, expectancy and reinforcement various important concepts in
a. Social learning theory
b. Gestalt theories
c. Behaviorism
d. Instrumental conditioning

70. __________ theorists believe humans have free will

a. Humanistic
b. Behavioristic
c. Psychoanalytic
d. Trait
71. If positive reinforcement is not given within a short time following the response, learning will
proceed slowly. This phenomenon is called
a. delay of reinforcement
b. extinction
c. conditioned response
d. consistency

72. A poor person who is a kind and honest person and respects the dignity of hard work has a lot
of:
a. Dangal
b. Paninindigan
c. Katapatan
d. Kagandahang-loob

73. Abraham Maslow developed the concept of self-actualization by initially studying

a. the maze-learning abilities of rats with sub cortical lesions.
b. his own patients.
c. how children reacted to viewing aggressive role models on television.
d. people who lives unusually effective lives.

74. Rogers called believed that when the real self and ideal self are different
a. an individual cannot attain self- actualization
b. an individual can achieve self- actualization
c. an individual is in a state of imbalance
d. an individual is experiencing existential vacuum

75. The messy and disorderly person is describe by Freud as being

a. orally retentive.
b. anally retentive.
c. a phallic personality.
d. anally expulsive.

76. Sa oras ng sakuna ang pinoy ay kinakikitaan ng pagiging matulungin ng dahil sa anong value?
a. bayanihan
b. kapwa
c. hiya
d. pakikisama

80. Suppose the ego were a hungry person in a crowded cafeteria. The ego would most likely
a. do nothing.
b. wait in line.
c. push to the head of the line .
d. feel guilty about being so hungry.
 81. If you wanted to teach a chicken to “play” the piano, you should
a. wait for musically inclined chicken to show up.
b. extinguish piano-playing behavior.
c. use shaping.
d. use negative reinforcement.

82. Doing things on a usual and routinary basis Tina’s life boring. What theory can help explain said
boredom.
a. Fromm
b. Adler
c. Horney
d. May

83. Which of the following could account for a major personality changes in middle adulthood?
a. moving to a new city
b. changing your looks
c. making new friends
d. a personal tragedy

84. According to Jung, a mental storehouse for unconscious ideas and images shared by all humans
is
a. the persona.
b. the personal unconscious.
c. the collective unconscious.
d. the anima.

85. A defining characteristic of trait is that they are

a. fixed.
b. observed.
c. evaluative.
d. enduring.

86. Salespeople who are paid exclusively by commission are reinforced on which type of schedule?
a. fixed ratio
b. fixed interval
c. variable ratio
d. variable interval

87. The personality theorist if Sullivan, Maslow, Rogers, and others that emphasize interpersonal
relation deal mostly with __________.
a. Umwelt
b. Mitwelt
c. Eigenwelt
d. Dasein
 88. ______

89. During a discussion of various perspectives on personality, Dr. Oh points to all evidence that
human beings are destructive and aggressive, She points out to the million who died in wars and the
ongoing killings by riding in tandem that continue in large part of Metro Manila. Dr. Oh observation
about basic human nature support the _______ perspective and is a criticism ________ perspective.
a. humanistic; psychoanalytic
b. trait; social cognitive
c. social cognitive, trait
d. psychoanalytic; humanistic

90. Dr. Mega Minds studies the effects of heredity on behavior. One of the areas of his research
focuses on the similarities and differences in identical twins who were separated at birth or early
infancy and raised by different families. Dr. Mega Minds is most probably a (n)/.
a. psychoanalyst
b. humanistic psychologist
c. social cognitive psychologist
d. behavior geneticist

91. Although Jaja has many fond memories of her college days, she only vaguely remembers the man
she was engage to but left her suddenly for another girl. Jaja is demonstrating
a. identification
b. sublimation
c. denial
d. repression

92. Sebastian during his college years is just one of the many class. In fact he only attends classes
only when he finds the teacher interesting. Now he is reviewing for the board exam. He attends
classes regularly and tops the quizzes and mock board exams. His classmates could not believe this
change in him. What Filipino personality can best explain what is happening to Sebastian.
a. hiya
b. ningas cogon
c. kapwa
d. amorpropio

93. Which of the following demonstrate epigenetic principle?

a. Bob has not learned to perform addition and is only learning it in his lesson in
division.
b. Cynthia has not learned to perform roles with respect to her gender and is now
having difficulty in establishing intimate relationships.
c. Ryan is developing strong feeling to her therapist and is trying to overcome it
though the help of another therapist.
d. Ana has developed false pride because of undeveloped concept of the self.

94. Which of the following is not true of the social cognitive approach?
 a. it emphasized the importance of immediate experiences as determinants of
behavior.
b. it views reinforcement as necessary for learning.
c. it argues that people’s actions are a function of selection process acting through
evolution
d. it emphasizes the experiencing person to an accepting environmental condition.

95. Another term for George Kelly’s approach to the personality

a. person- centered
b. personal construction
c. self- efficacy
d. self-concept

96. Jenna has great accomplishment and is adhered a lot by her classmates. She got disturbed by
recurring dreams of similar content and went to a doctor. Dr. Smith the psychologist interpreted as a
way to experience that which she is not. Dr. Smith is probably influenced by

a. Freud
b. Adler
c. Jung
d. Horney

97. Jayson tried to train his potbellied pig to pick up the newspaper on the doorstep and bring it into the
house. However, the pig pushed the paper with his snout into the garden even though this behavior
would not to be rewarded. It appears that the pig has been subject to
a. instinctual drift
b. stimulus discrimination
c. extinction
d. undoing

98. A major difference between the psychoanalytic and trait perspective is that:
a. trait theory defines personality in terms of behavior, psychoanalytic theory in
terms of its underlying dynamics.
b. trait theory describes the behavior but does not attempt to describe it.
c. Psychoanalytic theory emphasized the origin of personality in childhood sexuality.
d. all of the above are differences.

99. A group of four-year old children watch a video showing an adult hitting, kicking and punching a
large Bobo doll. These children were later asked to imitate the model and are promised a reward for
every behavior that they can imitate. It is very probable that the children will
a. not imitate the adult model
b. verbally describe what they saw but will refuse to imitate the adult model
c. imitate the adult’s aggressive behavior
d. become very upset as a result of watching the aggressive behavior

100. Which of the following best illustrates classical conditioning?

a. Henry feels ill at the sight or smell of peanut butter because it once made him sick.
b. Jewel studies hard because she wants to pass the board exam.
c. Denise goes shopping for new clothes fairly frequently because it makes her feel
good.
d. Karina drives at the posted speed limit after getting a number of speeding tickets.