1

Course on Hydraulics of Dams Appurtenant Structures

AUT, Winter 2022

Design of Chute Spillways

Maryam Mousavi Dr. Jalal Attari

PhD Candidate Associate Professor
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department of Civil Engineering
Amirkabir University of Technology Shahid Beheshti University
Tehran, Iran Tehran, Iran
2
 Contents

▪ Introduction
▪ Principal elements
▪ Approach channel
▪ Chute
o Straight
o Converging
o Diverging
▪ Sample design

3
INTRODUCTION

4
 Introduction (1)

• A chute spillway is a common and basic design that transfers excess water
from behind the dam down a smooth decline into the river below.
• Most often, they are lined on the bottom and sides with concrete to protect
the dam and topography.
• It is placed in the dam abutment, or in a saddle.
• Although hydraulically more suitable, it would not be always possible to
design heavy structures such as spillways, if a suitable foundation is not
available in the main gorge.
• Then, a choice has to be made to locate the spillway structure on the flank.

5
 Introduction (2)

• It is also called an open channel or trough spillway.

• These are usually designed following an ogee curve.
• It consists of a steep-sloped open channel which is called trough or chute.
• Most often, chute spillways carry the supercritical flow.

6
 Introduction (3)
This spillway has the following advantages:
i. It is simple in design and construction.
ii. It is adaptable to almost any foundation condition.
iii. It is economical.

Itaipu spillway.(CBDB, Highlights, 2006)

7
 Karun 1 Dam

Introduction

8
Karun 1 Dam: (Plan)

Introduction

9
Salman Farsi Dam: (Plan)

10
Majed Solyeman Dam

Introduction

11
The Llyn Brianne rock-fill dam (Wales):

12
PRINCIPAL
ELEMENTS

13
Principal Elements

an approach channel

a flow control structure

a discharge channel or chute

energy dissipater

14
Typical layout of a chute spillway (1)

(Khatsuria, 2005) 15
Typical profile of a chute spillway (2)

(Khatsuria, 2005)

16
APPROACH
CHANNEL

17
 Approach channel
The approach channel is an artificial channel leading the flow from the reservoir to
the spillway.
Two main hydraulic considerations in the design of approach channel:
First minimum loss of head.
Second the flow approaching the spillway should be distributed as uniformly
as possible.

18
 Plan forms of control structure

19
(Khatsuria, 2005)
Pier end waves downstream of spillway piers

)Vischer & Hager, 1998( ‫امواج عرضی در پشت پایههای دریچه سد گاردینر در کانادا‬ 20
CHUTE

21
 Chute
A discharge channel downstream of the control structure, known as a chute.

Straight

Chute
Diverging channel Curved

plan

Converging

22
 Profile of a chute spillway
Often, the final selection of chute profiles is done according to the topography of the
area and the conditions of the underground layers.

23
 Chute channel cross sections

Chute cross section is often rectangular

It can also be a trapezoid

In the case of excavating in rock, due to the

stability of the rock can have a reverse slope.
(help.innovyze.com, 2022)
Determining the section width is affected by the
minimum amount of rock excavating and the
3
maximum q = 100 𝑚 ൗ𝑠൘𝑚

24
 Sidewall height (1)

water surface profile on a chute spillway is needed.

Barra Grande chute spillway with ski jump/plunge pool.(CBDB, 2009).

25
 Sidewall height (2)

1
hw = D i + 0.61 + 0.04v i D i 3

= Di

(nzdl.org, 2022)

26
Sidewall height (3)

(Chanson, 2004)

27
Sidewall height (4)

(ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in, 2022)

28
 Vertical Curvature

x2
y = x tan  +
k  4( y 1 + hv ) cos 2  

(Khatsuria, 2005)

29
 Curvature in Plan

2
V b
y =
gR
2
4V b
R min =
gy
(Khatsuria, 2005) y max = 0.09b

30
 Contraction and Expansion

Types of contraction:

Expansion:

31
(Khatsuria, 2005)
Converging chute samples (1)

Ova Spin )Swiss Committee on Dams, 2011(

32
‫)‪Converging chute samples (2‬‬

‫سرریز تندآب همگرای سد گاوشان‬

‫‪33‬‬
 ‫‪Cross wave‬‬

‫انحراف موج عرضی از دیواره (بر اساس شمسایی و پاک نهال‪)1384 ،‬‬

‫تغییر مسیر ناگهانی دیوارهها (‪)after Chow,1959‬‬

‫انعکاس یک موج مثبت (‪)after Subramanya, 2009‬‬

‫‪34‬‬
Flow in funnel type contraction

(Khatsuria, 2005)

35
 Flow in funnel type contraction

)after Henderson, 1966( ‫یک همگرایی ایده آل‬

)Subramanya & Dakshinamoorthy, 1974( ‫تنوع 𝜑 در همگرایی‬

36
 Flow in chute

1 b1
 = Tan−1
( − 1)
2F1 b 2
F2 1 b2
= (1 + )
F1 2 b1

1
Tan  = USBR (1977)
3Fa

Lt b2
= 1 + 3.25( − 1)
b1F1 b1
37
Numerical Model of Converging Chute using FLOW-3D (1)

Flow
W˳

x y

(1395 ،‫)موسوی‬

38
Numerical Model of Converging Chute using FLOW-3D (2)

39
Example

40
Example

41
Example

42
References:

1-Khatsuria, R. M., 2005, Hydraulics of Spillways and Energy Dissipaters, New York.

2- USBR (1987), Design of Small Dams, Denver, Colorado.

Case Study
3- Vischer D.L. & Hager W. H. (1998), Dam Hydraulics, John Wiley &Sons, West Sussex.

43
Thank you for your attention

44