Chapter 6- POPULATION

Q1)Define Age structure, Death Rate and Birth Rate.

Ans) Age structure- The Age structure of a population refers to the number of people in different age
groups in that population.

b)Death Rate- The Death Rate also referred to as the Mortality Rate is defined as the number of deaths
per thousand persons in a year.

C) Birth Rate- The Birth Rate also referred to as the Natality is the number of live births per thousand
persons in a year.

Q2) why is the Rate of population Growth in India declining since 1981?

Ans) The Rate of population growth in India is declining since 1981 because of the decrease in the Birth
rate, the spread of education, family planning programmes and NPP 2000.

Q3)How is Migration a determinant Factor of population change?

Ans) Migration is an important determinant of Population change.

Migration changes not only the population size

but also the population composition of Urban and Rural populations in terms of Age and sex
composition.

Migration changes the Demographics of both the areas of arrival and departure.

Q4) Discuss the Major Components of population Growth.

Ans) There are three Major components of population Growth.

Birth Rate- The number of live births per thousand persons in a year.

Death Rate – The number of deaths per thousand persons in a year.

Migration- The Movement of people across the regions and territories.

Migration can be Internal ( within the country) or International ( between the countries).

Q5) Distinguish between population Growth and population change.

Ans) Population Growth – It refers to the rate at which the number of individuals in a given population
increases over a period of time.

Population change- It refers to the change in the number of people during a specific period of time.

There are 2 main processes of change of population- Birth rates, Death rates...

The Natural increase of population is the difference between Birth Rates and Death Rates..
Migration is the Major component of population change.

Q6) What is the Relationship between Occupational Structure and Development?

Ans) The percentage of population that is Economically active is an important Index of Development.

The Distribution of the population according to the different types of Occupation is referred to as the
Occupational Structure.

The Proportion of people working in different activities varies in Developed and Developing countries.

In Less Developed countries, a higher percentage of the population is involved in primary activities like
Agriculture.

The countries where more people are involved in the secondary sector are Developed.

In Higher Developed countries, a large population is involved in Tertiary occupations like Banking,
Transport, commerce and Administration.

Q7) What are the Advantages of having a healthy population?

Ans) Health is an important component of population composition which affects the process of
Development.

The Health of a person helps him / her to realize his / her potential and gives the ability to fight illness.

A Healthy person is an asset to the country, is more productive and helps in the progress of the country.

A Healthy population makes a Healthy and strong Nation socially and Economically.

Q8) What are the significant features of the National population policy 2000?

Ans) The NPP 2000, reaffirms the Government’s commitment to voluntary selection and approval of
citizens access to Reproductive Health care services.

The NPP 2000 provides a policy framework for providing free and compulsory school education for up
to 14 years , reducing Infant Mortality to less than 30 per 1000 live births, access to Immunizations for
all vaccine preventable diseases, promoting delayed girls marriage and making family welfare a people
centered programme.

Q9) Categorise states of India under population density Regions.

Ans) .Low population Density Regions – .

States like Rajasthan, Chhattisgarh, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim,Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh, have
population densities below 250 persons per square kilometre area. Rugged terrain and unfavourable
climatic conditions are primarily responsible for sparse population in these areas.

2) Moderate population Density Regions-

. States like Assam and most of the peninsular states have moderate population densities due to the
Hilly dissected and Rocky Nature of the terrain, moderate to low rainfall, shallow and less fertile soils
have influenced population densities in these areas.
3)High population Density Regions-

States of the Northern plains and Kerala in the south have high to very high population densities
because of the flat plains with fertile soils and abundant rainfall.

Q10) Categorise the population of India into three Age groups.

Ans) The Age composition of a country determines the social and economic structure. The
population is divided into three age groups.

Children ( below 15 years age)

Working age( 15-59 years)

Aged( above 59 years)

More the Working class population in a country, the more Economically Stable and Developing the
country is.

Q11) Give two reasons for unfavourable sex ratio in the country?

Ans) sex ratio is defined as the number of females per 1000 males in the population.

Reasons for Low sex ratio in the country are-

1) Heavy expenditure on Girl’s marriage.

2) Low Literacy rate amongst women
3) Orthodox Belief that only males can bring Economic stability.
4) Traditional Bias for male child in many levels of society.
5) Practices like female foeticide , Domestic violence towards women due to Gender
Discrimination lead to unfavourable Sex ratio in India.
Q12) What is census?
Ans) A census is an official Enumeration of population done periodically. It is the most
comprehensive source of Demographic , social and economic data.
Census takes place after every Ten years and the last census in India was held in 2011.
Q13) What are the Major Factors Responsible for the Internal Migration?
Ans) In India, most Migrations have been from Rural to the Urban areas because of the push
factor in rural areas.
These are adverse conditions of poverty, unemployment, in the rural areas and the pull factor of
the cities in terms of increased Employment opportunities and better living conditions.
Q14) What is the Main cause of the rapid population growth in India?
Ans) High Birth rate and low death rates.
Poverty
Child marriages
Low social status of women
Illiteracy.
Q15) What is occupational structure? Explain.
Ans) Occupational structure refers to the distribution of work force among different
occupations.
Different occupations can be classified into 3 groups.
1) Primary occupations- Those Activities that includes the extraction of Raw Materials from
the Nature directly, like Agriculture and allied activities.
2) Secondary occupations- Those activities that involves processing of Raw materials into final
products, like textiles and construction.
3) Tertiary occupations- Those activities that provide services like education, Health care,
Banking, commerce and Administration.
4) About 64 percent of India’s population is engaged in primary sector.