Professional Documents
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PVW Project Plan SOSIA+ 2022vDEF (Including Annexes)
PVW Project Plan SOSIA+ 2022vDEF (Including Annexes)
in Ghana
Index
1. Project summary..................................................................................................................3
2. Project details......................................................................................................................4
3. Details of the lead partner and consortium partners ............................................................5
4. Problem definition ...............................................................................................................7
5. Project description ...............................................................................................................9
a. Objective, activities, results, planning and communication ...................................................9
b. Relationship between activities and budget ....................................................................... 14
6. Innovation ......................................................................................................................... 15
7. Joining forces, division of tasks and ambition of the consortium ........................................ 17
8. Local integration ............................................................................................................... 19
9. Technical sustainability ...................................................................................................... 19
10. Risk analysis effects on environment and climate ............................................................... 20
11. Impact ............................................................................................................................... 20
Annex 1 - Support letter Ministry of Food and Agriculture (MoFA), Ghana .................................. 22
Annex 2 - Support letter Ghana Irrigation Development Authority (GIDA), Ghana ....................... 23
Annex 3 – Cooperation agreements with lead farmers in Kumasi ................................................ 24
Annex 4 Memorandum of Understanding between Kwadaso Agricultural College, Holland
Greentech International, Holland Greentech Ghana, KBI KNUST and TU Delft – signed d.d. 27th of
May 2022................................................................................................................................... 32
Annex 5 - Letter of Intent consortium partners (LoI) ................................................................... 40
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1. Project summary
Ghana has one of the fastest growing populations in Africa, especially the two biggest cities Accra and
Kumasi are expanding at a rapid pace of 2 - 6% annually. This population growth, combined with the
impact of rapidly changing climate patterns, is putting an increased pressure on water and food security
making the prevention of over-irrigation essential. Farmers in the region of Greater Accra, Ashanti and
the Volta produce the majority of the vegetables, for which they use significant amounts of water. Due
to inefficient operation and predominantly traditional irrigation technology, 50 to 80% of the water that
is pumped to the field is lost. If we for example look at the production of tomatoes in Ghana, based on
data from the Ghanaian agronomists 47,000 hectares of land in Ghana is used for tomato production
with a yield of 7,800 kg per hectare. Knowing that for 1 kilogram of tomatoes you need 100 litres of
water – the water that is needed to produce tomatoes alone is more than 36 billion litres of water. Since
the Ghanaian government aims to be less dependent on imports and want to produce more food locally,
the irrigation water demand of the horticulture sector will only become more. At the same time, the
periods of droughts in Ghana are getting longer and there is increased pressure on water availability
from the river basins due to climate change, putting many people and farmers in risk of having too little
water. Therefore in this project, we will develop and pilot in the field an innovative tool that will
significantly enhance water security in Ghana by reducing the quantity of water needed for irrigation per
hectare (up to about 40% less of current water use).
To support the Ghanaian farmers in making the transition to a water secure future, they expressed a
need for locally adapted, climate smart irrigation technologies and innovative advice to improve their
irrigation practices. To develop such a smart irrigation service, the consortium consisting of knowledge
institute TU Delft (TUD) who has partnerships with Ghanaian knowledge institutes for more than 20
years, horticulture company Holland Greentech (HGT), consultancy and research company FutureWater
(FW) and social enterprise TAHMO (weather stations tailor-made for Africa), joined forces to develop this
innovative tool and implement it in the field. This smart irrigation service should be able to translate
various weather parameters and data (historical but also real-time data) into crop specific irrigation
advice in volumes, but also in minutes for small-scale farmers. This will be tested in the field with 20
lead farmers.
The unique and innovative part of this smart irrigation service, called SOSIA+ (Small-scale Open source,
Satellite based Irrigation Advice), will be the algorithm to provide advice on how many minutes a farmer
should irrigate a specific crop – based on the combination of the TAHMO local weather data and real-
time data (normally not taken into account), that will be tailor-made for small scale farmers (normally
these services are only for large scale farmers while the predominant type of farmers in Ghana are small
scale) and is linked to the innovative drip irrigation systems that Holland Greentech Ghana already sells
to farmers (so closely linked to an existing customer base of farmers and a product).
Earlier this year FutureWater and Holland Greentech developed a very first draft of the irrigation
advisory application ‘SOSIA’ for Rwanda, with promising results. To extensively further develop this
service, there are still some technical and organizational challenges that we need to address and apply
in the field to ensure the tool will work in the Ghanaian context. Therefore we will firstly pilot the
developed service in the field with 20 of our lead farmers (farmers that we know well and will follow our
advice). These 20 lead farmers are already part of a much larger network of farmers and local
stakeholders in Ghana and will therefore play an important role in validating the tool and disseminating
the results of this project. If the service proves to be successful, the tool will be distributed and
commercialised by Holland Greentech and it can be maintained with support of the TU Delft and the
Ghanaian knowledge institutes. HGT already has 3 local offices in Ghana, but also offices in more than
12 other countries in Africa, reaching up to a client portfolio of more than 5,000 farmers in Ghana.
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2. Project details
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This is a new technology and service for Ghanaian small-scale farmers, which requires time and money
to successfully develop. Individual components of the technology have been developed and tested out
earlier this year in Rwanda, showing a huge potential for reducing leakage and protecting farmers
against the risk of too little water for food production. However, in Ghana this service is new, further
development is required and a pilot in the field is needed to show the value of the service and test the
business models for sustaining the use of the technology by the farmers. Therefore, we will start with
piloting together with 20 lead farmers – farmers that we know well and trust in following our advice.
The pilot phase will provide feedback, enhance the tool and improve farmers confidence and show them
concrete benefits. Given the interest of the involved partners and the huge potential of the technology,
in-kind contributions will be made but this cannot fully finance this pilot. Thanks to a small funding of
the NWP Water for Food program, the feasibility study for one of the components of the technology was
supported but not for an actual larger scale pilot. Given the potential of the technology on water
security, we applied for this subsidy to be able to do a larger scale pilot.
The unsubsidised part of the budget will be done by in-kind financing of all partners involved, which will
be in the form of hours and materials/equipment. But also the local partners will play an important role
and provide in-kind support to the project and the use of facilities and resources free of charge. These
in-kind contributions are specified in the budget sheet.
Provide a brief description of the lead party and each party within the consortium.
Copy the table, depending on the number of consortium partners.
Ambition in target country Ghana is one of our focus countries of cooperation in the field of water
and climate research. We have a good and long-term partnership with
the university in Kumasi (KNUST) and the Kwadaso Agricultural College
(KAC) as is reflected in the attached MoU.
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Consortium partner
Consortium partner
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Consortium partner
TAHMO has carried out many projects in Ghana including the Smart
irrigation projected funded by the NWP Water for Food funds, H2020-
TWIGA project funded by the European Commission all very much
related to the proposed pilot project.
4. Problem definition
Country*
Motivate choosing the country and location where you intend to carry out your project.
Describe how your location choice reflects the relationship between delta, delta city and river basin.
The horticulture sector in Ghana is one of the fastest growing economic sectors with a lot of potential for
innovations. Especially Kumasi (located in the Ashanti region), the second largest city in Ghana, is
expanding rapidly – leading to increased pressure on food production and water availability. To feed the
growing urban population, Ghanaian farmers need to produce more nutritious food in a more efficient
way. Looking at the availability of water which is essential for vegetable production, the city of Kumasi
is dependent on the Pra river and its tributaries. The Pra river basin is one of the most intensively used
river basin areas in Ghana and the most important source of water for the Ashanti region (source:
Ghana Water Resources Commission). Due to rapidly changing weather patterns (e.g. longer periods of
drought and irregular and more extreme rain events) there is an increased pressure on water
availability for food production. Looking at the near future, where Ghana wants to make the shift to
reducing imports and producing more food locally – there will even be more pressure on the available
water resources. This situation combined with unnecessary water losses due to traditional irrigation
technology and inefficient operation, makes Kumasi a very good city to introduce innovative
technologies and services for smart irrigation since our estimates are that we can significantly reduce
water consumption due to over-irrigation and thus boost water security.
Last but not least, the TU Delft has a long history of cooperation with the university and agricultural
college in Kumasi (KAC) hence knows the local situation very well, but can also bring in the necessary
hydrological and water management expertise that is needed to improve the algorithm. Furthermore,
Holland Greentech has a local office in Kumasi with a good team of Ghanaian agronomists and irrigation
experts – ensuring that everything proposed in this project fits within the local needs and context.
Moreover, the director of TAHMO, Frank Annor, was born in Accra and schooled and lived in Kumasi so
he knows the Ghanaian context very well.
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Problem analysis
Describe the underlying problem or state of affairs the consortium will address. The problem should be
related to water safety or water security.
Describe the location where you intend to carry out the project and the implications of the problems at
this location.
Indicate as specifically as possible how many people are affected by these consequences.
Describe briefly why a change in this situation is desirable.
Looking at global climate change patterns and its increased pressure on natural resources, West African
countries like Ghana will be hit very hard. In particular, agriculture, which is the largest water user in
Ghana, will be affected by the changes in the variability of rainfall, which makes crop production and
yield more uncertain as well as farm income. High temperatures and low rainfall due to climate change
result in prolonged droughts and more frequent incidences with bush fires and environmental
degradation. Since water availability largely depends on rainfall and rain fed rivers, water security will
be a challenge leading to increased risks of too little water. This trend combined with increasing
populations that need to be fed and the fact that the Ghanaian government wants to be less dependent
on food imports and increase their own food production, means there will be even more risks for water
security.
One of the main problems in many African countries is that there is no ground network of weather
stations, making it very difficult to efficiently manage water resources or generate weather forecasts
that are localised and essential for food production. Especially given the rapidly changing weather
patterns due to climate change, the collection of data is essential. This is why TAHMO has been set-up
to develop a dense network of weather stations all over Africa and using their data will be very valuable
to use for the irrigation tool.
In this project we will initially focus on the city of Kumasi and the land around Kumasi (e.g. Ashanti
region), targeting more than 500 farmers and a growing population of more than 4 million people that
needs to be fed and are affected by the changing weather patterns and increased water demand. This
project will focus on gathering better weather information, piloting an innovative irrigation tool to
reduce water losses that is linked to a drip irrigation system to reduce water losses and implement this
in the field with lead farmers. This will change the current traditional practices of the farmers leading to
less water and energy losses, hence increasing availability of water and the sustainability of food
production in light of climate change.
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5. Project description
Earlier this year FutureWater and Holland Greentech developed a very first draft of the irrigation
advisory application ‘SOSIA’ for Rwanda, with promising results1. The tool makes relevant geodata more
accessible for small-scale farmers, by estimating location-specific irrigation advice based on virtual
weather stations which are used to provide farmers with an
irrigation duration advice. This previous SOSIA tool consists of
two main packages, the first focuses on Virtual Weather
Stations (VWS) whereas the second focuses on the Irrigation
Advisory Tool (IAT) which relies on the former and gives an
estimated irrigation duration for different irrigation systems
and crop types (figure to the right).
SOSIA has preliminarily shown great potential to overcome the challenges related to sub-optimal water
management faced by many smallholder farmers by making use of the latest state-of-the-art geodata to
provide a reliable, location-specific advice which does not require extensive knowledge on irrigation
practices. An initial evaluation has shown potential to increase the productivity of the irrigation water by
up to 50%. In addition, improved irrigation advice might lead to decreased pumping costs which would
result in a relatively higher profit.
To extensively further develop this service into SOSIA+, there are still some technical and
organizational challenges that we need to address and pilot to ensure the tool will work in the Ghanaian
context. Many available irrigation services only make use of satellite data and/or global forecast data.
The unique aspect of this tool will be that we can include real-time local ground data offered by the
TAHMO weather stations and soil moisture sensors in addition to satellite-derived weather data for
farmers not close to a TAHMO weather station – making it an unique tool and very suitable for small-
scale farmers in Ghana and beyond.
We will first pilot the developed service in the field with 20 of our lead farmers (farmers that we know
well and will follow our advice). These 20 lead farmers are already part of a much larger network of
farmers and local stakeholders in Ghana and will therefore play an important role in disseminating the
results of this project. In the implementation of the field tests, the Ghanaian knowledge partners will be
closely involved to ensure the uptake and sustainability of the tool.
As a result this project will offer an irrigation advisory service, based on local weather data provided by
TAHMO and GMet, that is tailor-made for small-scale farmers (the predominant type of farmers in
Ghana) and is linked to the drip irrigation systems that Holland Greentech Ghana offers. Due to the
combination of real-time and local weather data, the SOSIA+ tool will inform a small-scale farmer on
how many minutes a specific crops needs to be irrigated. Our estimates are that this will significantly
reduce water consumption due to over-irrigation (and associated energy use) and thus boost water
security.
This will be a service and technology that is not yet available in Ghana for small-scale farmers and by
using our approach, the existing network and relations of HGT Ghana and the local knowledge
infrastructure of the TU Delft and the Kwadaso Agricultural College we can introduce this innovation in a
sustainable manner, thereby enhancing water and food security. If the service proves to be successful,
the tool will be distributed and commercialised by Holland Greentech. HGT already has 3 local offices in
Ghana, but also offices in more than 12 other countries in Africa, reaching up to a client portfolio of
more than 5,000 farmers in Ghana.
1
Visit the draft SOSIA Virtual Weather Stations portal: https://futurewaternl.users.earthengine.app/view/virtualweatherstation
and Irrigation Advisory Tool portal: https://futurewaternl.users.earthengine.app/view/sosia-crop-schedule-table
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Project plan Project plan subsidy application PVW-IVWW 2022
The ultimate long-term goal of the project is to transform the horticulture sector in Ghana towards a
smart and sustainable practice. To achieve this, an efficient irrigation system is required in order to
enhance water security since irrigated agriculture is the major water consumer in Ghana (more than
50%). By developing this new service and technology, we can prevent over-irrigation to reduce water
use and nutrient leachate thereby maximizing yields for farmers and hence work towards the desired
situation of sustainable food production and water security. To stimulate this transformation, the
educational component of this project is also crucial. Especially since the Ghanaian government wants to
limit the current imports of vegetables and is actively promoting more farming practices and food
production.
In order to develop this new service for small-scale farmers in Ghana in a sustainable manner, there are
several activities that need to be implemented. We divided these activities into 5 work packages:
1. Detailed needs and knowledge assessment for Kumasi and the broader Ashanti region
2. Technical development
3. Business case development
4. Impact assessment and scaling of the irrigation tool
5. Project management and coordination
WP1. Detailed needs and knowledge assessment for Kumasi and the broader Ashanti region
As explained earlier, the TU Delft together with its Ghanaian knowledge partners; (Kwadaso Agricultural
College and the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) and HGT Ghana have a
long history of cooperation. We therefore already have a clear understanding of the stakeholders and
the general challenges and needs related to water security and food production. Nevertheless,
specifically in the field of weather data and irrigation we need to assess what knowledge is already there
and how this can be supplemented. By working together in the past with KAC on more practical and
modern education material, we know that the agricultural practices that are being taught in their
curriculum are often not very up-to-date. The same goes for the mainly traditional irrigation practices
that are being used by the farmers in and around Kumasi. To know what exactly is needed for these
farmers in terms of irrigation advice and technology, we will involve the teachers and students of KAC to
visit these farmers to introduce the service and collect data. This data will be important input for the
development of the algorithm of the tool, since the farmers will be the end-users of this service. In the
development of this tool, we will include the teachers and students of KAC to also ensure that the newly
developed knowledge will find its way into the educational offer of KAC and together develop new
education material to introduce this new technology to the future generation of farmers. Furthermore,
by including teachers and students in the needs assessment we ensure that the tool developed will fit
the local needs and from an early stage involve the farmers and other important stakeholders that are
already linked to KAC (e.g. MoFA agricultural extension officers and the Ghana Irrigation Development
Authority).
Activities:
TU Delft, KAC and HGT Ghana will develop a survey for the farmers and other relevant
stakeholders to investigate preferred channel for receiving information (e.g. MoFA extension
officers and GIDA) using the ODK App or Mergdata from Farmerline
Visit farmers in and around Kumasi, using the existing network of lead farmers that are linked to
KAC to collect more data and insights on their needs
Develop educational material to also include ‘smart irrigation management’ and use of weather
data in the existing curriculum and educational offer of KAC
Organise workshops, farmer field days and information events at KAC to involve the farmers
throughout the development process of the service
Partners for WP1: TU Delft (with support of the Kwadaso Agricultural College, Holland Greentech Ghana
and TAHMO)
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This is yet unique, since it can operate for small-scale farmers with no weather station data available,
but in order to develop an accurate irrigation advisory tool for small-scale farmers, we will further
develop the algorithm behind this irrigation tool in this project. To do so several streams of data need to
be collected and combined in an algorithm in order to ensure a trustworthy irrigation advice. We will,
amongst others add more detailed and real-time data and information from the TAHMO weather stations
and sentinel data and ensuring its applicability for the Ghanaian context. These low-cost weather
stations have been specifically designed for low-income countries, making them very robust, low-
maintenance and inexpensive. In Ghana they have about 120 weather stations installed and
operational, gathering very relevant ground data that will be incorporated in the irrigation tool. This is of
great added value, since especially rainfall in Africa is convective, hence very local, and cannot always
be measured accurately with satellite data alone. However, rainfall is a crucial parameter for water
security hence needs to be measured and forecasted accurately. By integrating this data in the draft
irrigation tool yet developed by FutureWater, we foresee a much more accurate and valuable advice for
the farmer. This however will require some technical changes to the tool and the channels for
disseminating the information.
The following technical components of the tool will be developed within the proposed pilot:
Integration of evaporation and rainfall data from TAHMO
Transformation from Google Earth Engine to Python-based tool
Changes in algorithm to take into account weather forecast data instead of only historic data
Development/update of the online SOSIA+ user interface (portal)
Integration of Sentinel data to monitor crop development
Addition of more (and relevant) crop types and irrigation methods
Setting up daily alerts through the preferred distribution channel
Many available irrigation services only make use of satellite data and/or global forecast data. The unique
aspect of this tool will be that we can include real-time local ground data offered by the TAHMO weather
stations and soil moisture sensors in addition to satellite-derived weather data for farmers not close to a
TAHMO weather station – making it an unique tool and very suitable for small-scale farmers in Ghana
and beyond.
Activities:
Tool blueprint development
Process and implement the suggestions from the survey to meet user needs in terms of the
channels for dissemination of the information and two communication between users and
developers/service providers
Research of different methods to deliver the information to the farmers (mobile platforms, SMS,
social media, WhatsApp and Interactive Voice Response System) as daily alerts
Further develop the Irrigation Advisory Tool as mentioned above
2
Visit the draft SOSIA Virtual Weather Stations portal: https://futurewaternl.users.earthengine.app/view/virtualweatherstation
and Irrigation Advisory Tool portal: https://futurewaternl.users.earthengine.app/view/sosia-crop-schedule-table
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Project plan Project plan subsidy application PVW-IVWW 2022
platform (as will be researched in WP2). This will serve as an important feedback for the eventual
irrigation service that will become part of the existing irrigation products and inputs offer of Holland
Greentech. Within the 2-years project period, the 20 lead farmers will share the results with 200
surrounding farmers – creating a client base of about 4000 farmers for this service.
Activities:
Implementing the tool with the 20 lead farmers (service instruction, hardware installation)
Lead farmer visits, trainings, follow-up and advice
Willingness-to-pay survey and analysis of the working of the tool
Development of business models for the service (subscription vs one-off payment)
Organisation of at least 25 farmer field days to show the results of the pilot and disseminate the
service
Partners for WP3: Holland Greentech International (with support of Holland Greentech Ghana)
Activities:
Development of success matrix with stakeholders
Monitoring and evaluation of project activities using project indicators and learnings (MEL)
Dissemination activities towards farmers and other interested agribusinesses, inside Ghana but
also outside Ghana
Developing an impact assessment
Lead partners for WP4: Holland Greentech International (with support of Kwadaso Agricultural
College, FutureWater and TAHMO)
Activities:
Periodic project meetings
Internal evaluation of go/no-go moments
Planning
Reporting
What are the expected (measurable and concrete) end results upon realising the project?
What are the results of the project?
The expected (measurable and concrete) end results upon realising the project will be:
More than 200 farmers in Ghana have actively used the tool
More than 4,000 farmers are aware of the tool and climate smart irrigation practice
More than 600 students/young farmers are educated in the field of climate smart irrigation
25% less water that is used per monitored farmer
15% of crop yield increase per monitored farmer
Exposure and interest from farmers outside of the Ashanti region, reaching more than 25,000
farmers in Ghana
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Project plan Project plan subsidy application PVW-IVWW 2022
Exposure and interest from farmers in other African countries where HGT has local offices,
reaching more than 15,000 farmers outside Ghana
Education material on smart irrigation that is institutionalised at KAC, but that will also be
shared with other agricultural colleges in Ghana via the online educational platform that has
been created as part of the existing cooperation
Final report, infographic (one-pager), videos and training material
What does the planning of the project look like? What are the go/no-go moments?
Provide a schematic overview of the intended planning (lead time per phase or activity, indicate total
duration, any go/no-go moments).
As we know the region, stakeholders and technological requirements well we are confident that we are
able to make a success of this project. For most of the activities, there are alternative ways to solve
issues and the consortium will actively look for solutions in cooperation with the associated partners and
beneficiaries. A go/no-go moment will be the successful integration of TAHMO data into the tool in Q3
2023. If this integration is not successful and the SOSIA+ concept does not seem to work, we will
discuss with PvW and the beneficiaries how to continue. However, we classify this risk as very low as we
already explored possibilities of integrating the data sources.
The project has a duration of two years. It is assumed it will start in Jan-2023. A Gantt chart of the
project (by 3-months timesteps) is presented below. Q3 2023 will be the go-no go moment (orange).
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2023 2024
WP Activity
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
WP1. Detailed needs and knowledge assessment for Kumasi and the broader Ashanti region
1.1 Survey development for farmers to access user needs
1.2 Face-to-face visits to farmers
1.3 Development of educational material on 'smart irrigation management'
1.4 Organise workshops, farmer field days and information events at KAC
WP2. Technical development
2.1 Survey for farmers to investigate preferred channel for receiving information
2.2 Blueprint of tool and preferred information channel based on WP1 output
2.3 Desk study on incorporation of different data sources and dashboard development
2.4 Integration of evaporation and rainfall data from TAHMO
2.5 Transformation from Google Earth Engine to Python-based tool
2.6 Changes in algorithm to take into account weather forecast data instead of only historic data
2.9 Development/update of the online SOSIA+ user interface (portal)
2.7 Integration of Sentinel data to monitor crop development
2.8 Addition of more (and relevant) crop types and irrigation methods
2.10 Setting up daily alerts through the preferred distribution channel
WP3. Piloting and business case development
3.1 Selection of 20 lead farmers, service instruction, project kick-off, lead farmer agreement update
3.2 Selection, sourcing, installation and training of hardware
3.3 Lead farmer visits, trainings, follow-ups and advice
3.4 Dissemination activities towards farmers and other interested agribusinesses, also outside Ghana
3.5 Organisation of farmer field days to show the results of the pilot and disseminate the service
3.6 Willingness-to-pay survey and analysis
3.7 Development of business models for the service (subscriptio vs one-off payment)
WP4. Impact assessment and scaling of the irrigation tool
4.1 Developing an impact assessment
4.2 Dissemination activities towards farmers and other interested agribusinesses, inside and outside Ghana
4.3 Monitoring and evaluation of project activities using project indicators and learnings (MEL)
4.4 Development of success matrix with stakeholders
WP5. Project management and coordination
5.1 Periodic project meetings
5.2 Internal evaluation of go/no-go moments
5.3 Planning
5.4 Reporting
We will actively disseminate the project activities and results, using the existing TU Delft networks (e.g.
social media, Delft Global scientific community, newsletters and conferences/workshops including
farmer field days) as well as the networks of Holland Greentech and FutureWater. To spread the project
results in Ghana we will make use of the networks of HGT Ghana, KAC and TAHMO, who have good
media contacts such as the Ghana News Agency and GBC 24. Furthermore, we will actively look for
opportunities to share our project strategy and results – for this we can build on the existing network of
contacts that we have and on the partners’ websites. For example, the EU delegation network, the NL
Branding network of RVO that we worked with before as well as involving the NL Embassy in Ghana to
support us in our outreach activities. Also we will develop communication material, such as videos, to
share our results with other interested parties. A nice example of a project video about our cooperation
with Ghana can be seen here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-eqrCcYYJD0. Apart from the final
report we will develop an infographic (one-pager) showing a clear overview of impact and results.
What is the relationship between activities – time commitment – budget per partner?
Describe the activities you will carry out. State which partner will carry them out. The budget items should
unambiguously correspond to the description of the activities.
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Project plan Project plan subsidy application PVW-IVWW 2022
As described earlier in the proposal, there are 5 work packages with corresponding activities. There is
always one consortium partner in the lead for a specific work package, sometimes with support of
another partner or third party. The budget sheet and budget items correspond with that division as can
be seen in the attached budget in excel.
The majority of the budget is for the input of staff, mainly the four consortium partners. Via the
component ‘third parties’, the Ghanaian parties will be funded for their input. In addition, they will
provide a lot of their time in-kind.
Furthermore, we have allocated budget for the field tests under the item ‘materials’. No large equipment
will be purchased in this project because we will make use of the already existing network of 120
weather stations in Ghana, which will be provided by TAHMO in-kind. Only some irrigation materials will
be part of the budget in order to test the tool in the field with the lead farmers.
Each consortium partner will travel a few times to Ghana, although we also will have regular online
meetings. It is the important to be in Ghana for starting up the project, but throughout the project
period most of the field activities will be done by the Ghanaian parties. Those travel costs are included
in the budget and specified. To ensure visibility and dissemination of the results, we have included a
small amount for communication material and regular updates on social media which will be done by a
dedicated student assistant.
6. Innovation
How does this project unlock new techniques and methods in water safety and/or water
security?
What makes your technology, product, service or approach new or innovative?
Is the innovation better, cheaper, more efficient, and so on than existing techniques or methods?
To what extent is it new in the target country's market?
To what extent has it already been applied elsewhere in the region or similar regions?
Irrigation advisory services (or similar software) have been on the market for some time, but differ
greatly in application level (spatial scale) and spatial detail (see figure below). The complexity of
existing irrigation advisory tools is higher, as they use real-time (drone) data, groundwater reserves,
and are often linked to sensors in the field. Most of these tools are therefore sold to farmers who can
finance the investment by the scale at which they grow. A certain paradox is that these services, despite
being able to provide a relatively high level of spatial detail, are not accessible or applicable to farmers
with smaller areas, such as small-scale Ghanaian farmers. These farmers, who are the target group for
SOSIA+, do not have the capacity to use that level of detail cost-effectively on their land. However, this
is precisely the target group that determines the sustainability of land and water use on a large scale,
and where a large socio-economic impact can be achieved, as the majority of Ghanaian farmers are
small-scale farmers.
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The SOSIA+ tool is extremely innovative because it makes relevant geodata more accessible for small-
scale farmers, by estimating location-specific irrigation advice based on virtual weather stations which
are used to provide farmers with an irrigation duration advice. Many available irrigation services only
make use of satellite data and/or global forecast data. The unique aspect of this tool will be that we can
include real-time local ground data offered by the TAHMO weather stations and soil moisture sensors in
addition to satellite-derived weather data for farmers not close to a TAHMO weather station – making it
an unique tool and very suitable for small-scale farmers in Ghana and beyond. Another unique element
is that the tool translated it complex algorithm results into a very concrete result for farmers: it tells
them how many minutes a specific crops needs to be irrigated. This could also be automatized by
connecting it to Holland Greentech’s irrigation systems and pilot it with their network of farmers. Our
estimates are that this will significantly reduce water consumption due to over-irrigation (and associated
energy use) and thus boost water security.
To extensively further develop this service into SOSIA+, there are still some technical and
organizational challenges that we need to address and pilot to ensure the tool will work in the Ghanaian
context. By using Sentinel satellite data combined with real-time TAHMO data, the level of detail for
crop monitoring will be higher, but still affordable for small-scale farmers. Furthermore, crop water
needs are also calculated using weather data like evaporation and precipitation. Right now, open-source
satellite data is used, which is on a 20-kilometre scale. By adding TAHMO, the level of detail for the
weather data significantly increases. This is an important innovation to ensure the accuracy of the
information given to farmers as for example rainfall is very local. Therefore, this technology will open up
a whole new array of information and data to these small-scale farmers. Especially in the light of climate
change and rapidly changing weather patterns, this information will be essential.
There is not such a service yet available in Ghana (or anywhere worldwide). The combination of the
hardware and software, together with the local anchoring of knowledge (both HGT Ghana staff and
Kwadaso Agricultural College) is a new approach. While the SOSIA tool has been tested in other African
countries, it has never been combined with TAHMO data and real-time weather data. We expect that
this combination, plus several other enhancements will improve the information service significantly.
Also linking it to local knowledge institutes is new in this approach, which will safeguard that the
innovation fits the local context and ensures affordability and applicability beyond the project period.
Especially in Ghana, such a public-private partnership is not a common practice. The method of
combining knowledge partners, with private and public partners is quite new, but has proven to be
effective and efficient in other topics – so we want to also introduce this irrigation innovation in this
manner to ensure the Ghanaian partners can safeguard the uptake in the future.
To ensure that the farmers have enough trust to use this new information, the local knowledge network
and existing contacts of HGT Ghana are crucial in our approach. By staying in regular and face-to-face
contact with the farmers and offering them a network of contacts that they can go to for advice or
questions, we ensure uptake and sustainability.
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The consortium is complementary in both knowledge and expertise, as well as in network and
experience. The TU Delft is a leading knowledge institute, that has been active in Ghana for more than
20 years and is renowned for its expertise in the field of hydrology and water management. Hence,
bringing in expertise and a very well-known and trusted network of Ghanaian knowledge partners (e.g.
KAC and KNUST). With the involvement of leading experts in the field of water and having a lot of
experience in managing international projects, they will be responsible for the knowledge component
and project management and they will ensure that all newly generated knowledge will find its way into
the educational offer of the Ghanaian knowledge institutes. This will not only safeguard that the project
fits in the local context, it will also safeguard sustainability of the project in terms of knowledge
exchange, and moreover educate a new generation of agricultural students that have insight into smart
irrigation management practices.
Holland Greentech is a private company with local offices in more than 12 African countries and three
offices in Ghana (Accra, Kumasi and the Volta Region).
- Role is to use their existing network of mobilising potential end-users and ensuring it fits with
the local context
- HGT Ghana office in implementing the activities on the ground and involving the farmers
- If the service is effective, HGT can link it to their existing portfolio of products and services and
ensure scaling-up/marketing
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FutureWater is a private research and consulting organization that works throughout the world to
combine scientific research with practical solutions for Water Management. FutureWater works at both
global, national and local levels with partners on projects addressing water for food, irrigation, water
excess, water shortage, climate change and river basin management. Particularly in irrigation projects,
the approach is to integrate hydro-meteorological datasets from ground stations and remote sensing,
and simulations from hydrological and crop models to enhance the assessment of water availability and
the demand placed on irrigated areas.
TAHMO stands for the “Trans-African Hydro-Meteorological Observatory”, which is a Public Benefit
Organisation (“stichting”) founded to develop a vast network of weather stations across Africa. Current
and historic weather data is important for agricultural, climate monitoring, and many hydro-
meteorological applications. In Ghana there are currently around 120 stations which provides sufficient
data for this project, that is focused on developing an efficient, green irrigation service. By offering the
farmers the possibility to use actual and local weather data, we foresee a more efficient use of energy
and water for irrigation purposes. The CEO of TAHMO was born in Ghana and spent most of his life in
Kumasi. TAHMO works in 23 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa so making it a good partner for scaling
innovations.
The TU Delft has worked together with both Holland Greentech, TAHMO and FutureWater before in
many other countries and projects, so the consortium exists of partners that have experience with
working together. The combination of both knowledge and business partners has proven to be a very
good one, especially since the long-term ambition is the same. TU Delft has been active in Ghana for a
very long time and is committed to stay active in Ghana for a long time, building on the existing
partnerships with KNUST and Kwadaso. Holland Greentech is already having 3 local offices in Ghana and
sees great business potential in the horticulture sector in Ghana (see the signed MoU in the annex in
which this long term ambition is reflected). This new to be developed service, will be a great asset into
their current business portfolio, hence it fits perfectly in the existing activities and strategy of Holland
Greentech and hopefully strengthen their position in Ghana even more. By being able to offer their
clients an irrigation service in addition to their drip irrigation technology, they foresee a better market
position in Ghana.
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8. Local integration
Describe how your project's technology, product, service and approach meet local needs.
For example, culture, experience, level of knowledge, and user acceptance of higher costs.
Describe whether and how the project ties in with the political priority in the target country.
Indicate whether legislation and regulations exist to which the use of your technology, product,
service, or approach contributes.
Describe how the local beneficiaries* contribute to the realisation of the project.
Pilot project: Indicate how you will institutionally secure the project. How was the beneficiary
involved during the pilot phase?
As mentioned earlier in the project, one of the biggest assets in this consortium is the involvement of
our well-known Ghanaian partners. The CEO of TAHMO, Frank Annor, is Kumasi-trained engineer, the
team of Holland Greentech Ghana are all Ghanaian agronomists and irrigation engineers and already for
more than 20 years the TU Delft has worked together with Ghanaian knowledge institutes. Due to the
leading role of our Ghanaian partners, we also ensure that our project aligns with the political priorities
in the country (which is also reflected in the support letter of the Ghanaian authorities). Through the
existing network of Holland Greentech in Ghana, a database of more than 500 farmers – we also are in
close contact with the beneficiaries of the project (e.g. the farmers). We have selected 20 lead farmers
that will be closely involved in the pilot project, by sharing information and data, using their land as a
demo and providing feedback on the service. They will also share this with the farmers around them, as
agreed upon in the enclosed cooperation agreements with the lead farmers. By closely involving the
lead farmers (whom are already also linked to the Kwadaso Agricultural College as a local knowledge
partner), we ensure that all activities are locally and institutionally embedded and that we can
continuously gather their feedback and advice to ensure that the advice fits the needs of the Ghanaian
end-users. Looking at the political priorities of Ghana, the horticulture sector is one of the fastest
growing sectors and a priority of the Ghanaian government. Especially since they now are mainly
dependent on import of vegetables and they want to become producers themselves to lower prices and
gain food security. This increase of production, however, will be an increased risk to the water security if
they do not transition to efficient irrigation practices.
9. Technical sustainability
Describe the quality of the technology, product, service, and approach.
Describe to what extent it is affordable for the intended target group in the target country.
Indicate how the technology, product, service or approach is operationally sustainable and applicable
with locally available knowledge and capabilities. Also because of the phases following the feasibility or
pilot project.
Quality: During the project, there is continuous involvement of leading scientists in the field of
water and very high quality companies with a good reputation worldwide. The tool will be tested
in the field and data is collected to demonstrate the accuracy and usability of the advisory
service in combination with innovative drip irrigation and our extensive Ghanaian network.
Affordability: As the tool will be partially developed with external funding, once it is completely
up and running, the costs for maintenance will be relatively low, making the service very
affordable for (smallholder) farmers in Africa and fit to be included as a service in the existing
business portfolio of HGT;
Operationally sustainable: As Holland Greentech is already providing advisory services to
farmers, the use of this tool will be an add-on to their existing activities. This leads to a high
operational sustainability, also due to the local presence of the knowledge institutes that will be
closely involved in this project.
Applicable with locally available knowledge and capabilities: Surveys with the irrigation
engineers of Holland Greentech were held in the feasibility study of the Irrigation Advisory App,
they were very enthusiastic and found it easy to use. Furthermore they found it a very useful
addition to the advice they already gave. Because the advice is given in irrigation minutes for
the specific Holland Greentech drip irrigation system, the advice is easy to incorporate by the
farmers and they have a network of partners close by (KAC and HGT) that they can consult and
reach out to for questions.
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For those aspects relevant to your project, specify whether and to what extent you:
take climate change scenarios into account
offer solutions against the effects of climate change
contribute to the reduction of emissions or storage of greenhouse gasses
reduce the use of raw materials and resources, such as groundwater
use sustainable resources or help to make resources sustainable
encourage the reuse of water, other resources and residual flows
contribute to the prevention or reduction of pollution of the living environment and nature
contribute to maintaining, restoring or increasing biodiversity, especially habitats.
Does your project entail risks for the climate, environment and ecosystems?
Describe these risks.
Indicate the measures you will take to limit them.
The Irrigation Advisory Tool, SOSIA+, strives to incorporate optimal irrigation practices for small-scale
farmers in Ghana. Right now, most farmers irrigate more than needed. When optimal irrigation takes
place, this will lead to a more sustainable practice of water use, both reducing costs for the farmer and
reducing the use of natural resources. By integrating this knowledge at KAC, we also ensure that the
future generations will farm with consideration for the environment and awareness on good agricultural
practices, increasing water security. Furthermore, the linkage of SOSIA+ to the data collected by
TAHMO will also provide more insight into climate change scenarios for Ghana and the actual impact it
has on water security. Furthermore, in all our activities we promote and educate on sustainable farming
hence preventing and reducing pollution and waste of resources.
11. Impact
As stated earlier in the proposal, a large group of farmers in Ghana (more than 5,000) will be reached
by this service and the activities within the project, especially impacting the water security in Ghana due
to the uptake of better irrigation practices. There is a need for such an information service since water is
becoming increasingly scarce while at the same time, farmers need to produce more food with less
resources. To develop this service, which is new for Ghanaian smallholder farmers, we need to pilot with
a small group of committed farmers that we already have a good relationship with and that can
disseminate the results of the pilot. These 20 lead farmers (see annex for cooperation agreements) will
be our important user group to test and provide feedback on the service, since they are the potential
customers and can function as launching customers.
After the pilot phase, Holland Greentech wishes to include the service in their existing portfolio and aims
to offer the irrigation advisory service as a commercial product, supplementing its other’s products and
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can also be sold in other African countries besides Ghana. During the business case development
working package of this project, insights will be gathered on how exactly to offer the service to the
farmers. However, looking at the current business of HGT, an irrigation advisory would be ideal to offer
in combination with irrigation hardware or seeds for an additional fee. Farmers should also be able to
purchase the advice separately and pay in various terms and forms. Agronomists of HGT would be able
to use the tool to improve their extension services to their clients.
Furthermore, The irrigation advisory services would strengthen the competitive position of Holland
Greentech in the 12 countries it is active in. The proven business model, whereby a complete bundle of
products and services are combined will further develop and become available to a thousands of
farmers. This will accelerate the adoption of smart agri-practices by small scale farmers and therefore
contribute to the big challenge of feeding Africa’s fast growing population the coming decades.
On the mid to long term, when the tool would be up scaled to 12 countries in Africa, 12.000 farmers
could directly benefit from the tool by applying the irrigation advise on their farms. Assuming a 20 EUR
fee per farmer, EUR 240,000 turnover could be realized for HGT per year, while achieving the earlier
described economic and environmental benefits for the farmers.
By also integrating the service and knowledge in the educational partnership of the TU Delft with KAC
and KNUST, we also target the young generation and ensure a local network of experts that know the
tool and can guide the farmers in using it. This really ensures the local embedding of the service and
increases the opportunities for scaling. All of the above mentioned clients and partnerships are also
reflected in the attached documentations and the service is incorporated in the business plans of
Holland Greentech.
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