Subject :-- CET Semester:--CH4I

Topic-III: -- Thermodynamic quantities

Sr. Questions a b c d
No.
1. In the following figure “ O” represent Triple Critical Zero point Fusion point

2. The Vander Waal's equation explains Real gases Both real and None of the
Ideal gas
the behaviour of ideal gas above

3.
What is degree of freedom when two 0 2 3
phases co – exist? 1

4.
What is the degree of freedom of a 0 3 2
system with 5 phases and 5 1
components?

Gibbs phase rule for general system P - F=C+2 P+F=C - 2 P+F=C+2 P+F=C
5.
6.
In a single-component condensed 0 1 3
system, if degree of freedom is
2
zero, maximum number of phases that
can co-exist _________.
7.
Above the following line, liquid phase Solidus gases Vapor-liquid
exist for all compositions in a phase Liquids
diagram.
8.
The temperature of a substance at Melting point Fusion point Flash point
which the vapour pressure is equal to normal boiling
760 mm Hg is called as point

9.
The temperature at which a pure liquid saturation Melting point Fusion point Flash point
transforms into vapour at constant temperature
pressure is called as
10.
What is the state, at which saturated Liquid state Triple state critical state
liquid line with respect to vaporisation
Solid state
and saturated vapour line on p-v
diagram of pure substance, meet
called?
At moderate pressure, the Vander 2 (P+a/V2m) = RT (P+a/V2m) (P+a/V2m)
11. (P+a/V m)
wall's equation become:- (Vm )= RT (Vm )= R
(Vm )= R / T

At relatively high pressure, van der PV = RT + Pb PV = - RT + PV = RT /

12. PV = RT - Pb
Waals' equation reduces to: Pb Pb

13.
At __________ point, all the three Critical point Saturation Sublimation
phases (i.e.solid, liquid and gas) co- triple point point
exist.
without a With a
14. with a change
A saturation state is a state from which With a change of change of change of
of pressure or
a change of phase may occur pressure only pressure or temperature
temperature
temperature only

At high pressure, the compressibility 1 - Pb/RT 1+Pb/RT 1+ RT / Pb 1+Pb

15.
factor 'Z' is equal to

At high pressure, Vander Waal gas

16. PV = - RT PV = RT
equation is reduced to (For 1 mole of PV = RT - Pb PV = RT /Pb
+Pb +Pb
gas)

17.
Which is a state of a substance from Critical state Unsaturation Flash state
which a phase change occurs without state
saturation state
a change of pressure or temperature?

18. Degrees of freedom calculation treat

Intensive Both None of the
____________ variables. extensive above
Extensive
and intensive
For a real gas, the chemical potential T dlnf RT dlnf dlnf
19. R dlnf
is given by

20.
For single component system when 1 0 0.5 1.5
degree of freedom is 2(two) then
 number of phases _______

21.
How many types of systems are 0 3 2
applicable for phase diagrams? Four

22.
In the vander Waals' equation, the Does not varies independent None of the
constant 'a' and 'b' with temperature above
shows which trend when the
temperature is too low: both varies

23. In van der Waals' equation of state of

volume Pressure Temperature Enthalpy
the gas, the constant 'b' is a measure occupied by occupied by
of: molecules molecules

In vander wall's equation of state for a (P + a/V2) v-b RT

24.
non-ideal gas, which term accounts for 2
(P - a/V )
intermolecular forces is:-

Pressure vs. Temperature vs. Enthalpy vs. entropy vs.

25. Mollier diagram is a plot of
enthalpy entropy temperature enthalpy
( P-H) ( T – S) ( H- T) ( S – H)
26.
What are the total degrees of freedom 4 12 15
if the number of species are 5, total
streams are 2, stream temperature 2, 3
stream pressure 2 and heat released 1?

27.
What is degree of freedom when three 1 2 3
phases co – exist? 0

28.
What is the degree of freedom of a 1 4 2
system with 3 phases and 5 0
components?

29.
What is the number of degrees of 0 1 2
freedom for liquid water in
2
equilibrium with a mixture of nitrogen
and water vapor ?

30.
Number of variables associated with a 5 2 4
process stream, if the number of
1
species in the stream are 3?
Explanation: Nv = Nsp + 2 = 3 + 2 =
5.
31.
The number of degree of freedom for 2 3 0
an azeotropic mixture of ethanol and 1
water in vapour-liquid equilibrium, is

32.
The number of degrees of freedom for 02 3 0
an azeotropic mixture in a two
1
component vapour-liquid equilibria
is/are

33.
The point at which two liquidus lines Triple point Critical point Cloud point
Eutectic point
meet is known as __ ________

34.
The slope of the fusion curve for water May be positive positive negative 0
is or negative

35.
The slopes of sublimation and negative 0 May be
vaporization curves for all substances positive positive or
are negative

36. The ratio a/b (the terms used in van der Atm.lit.mole-1 Atm.m3.mole-1 Dyne.cm.mol all of the
e-1 above
Waal's equation) has the unit :

37. Which is not the measurable variables P T U V

38. System is bivariant, when degree of 0 2 3 1

freedom is
39. System is invariant, when degree of 0 2 3 1
freedom is
40. System is invariant, when degree of 0 2 3 1
freedom is
2 2 2
41.
The van der Waals' equation for real ( P + ( a/V ) ) ( ( P + ( a n /V ) ) ( P=nRT/ all of the
gas is: (v-nb)- a n above
V -b) = RT V -b) = nRT 2 2
/V
42.
The unit of van der Waals' constant 'b' Lit. Mol-1 Cm3. Mol-1 M . Mol-1
3
all of the
is above
43.
The unit of van der Waals' constant 'a' atm lit 2. Mol-2 Dyne. Cm4. Mol-2 Newton. M4. all of the
is: Mol-2 above
mentioned

44.
The four properties of a Mayers Renaults Molliers
system viz. P, V, T, S are related by Maxwell's
__________ equation.
Which of the following is a property it has constant it is a one- it may exist all of the
45.
of a pure substance? chemical component in one or mentioned
 composition system more
throughout its phases
mass
In which of the following state does saturated solid saturated liquid saturated all of the
46.
water exist? state state vapour state mentioned

The equation which forms the basis of Tds=dh + vdp Tds=dh / vdp Tds=dh-vdp
47. Tds = - vdp +dh
the Mollier diagram is

48.
The van der Waal's constant 'b' for 00 1 1.5
N2 and H2 has the values 0.039 lit
moil–1 and 0.0266 lit mo1–1. The
density of solid N2 is 1 g cm–3. 0.114
Assuming the molecules in the solids
to be close packed with the same
percentage void, the density of solid
H2 would be (in g cm–3)

fusion curve
49. fusion curve fusion curve
vaporization and
Which of the following curves meet at and and vaporization
curve and
triple point? vaporization sublimation curve and
sublimation curve
curve curve sublimation
curve
50.
The number of degrees of freedom for 0 3 1 2
a mixture of ice and water (liquid) are
The free energy change for a chemical –RTlnK –RlnK –RT
51. –TlnK
reaction is given by (where, K =
equilibrium )

52.
Select the correct total degrees of 20 11 15 19
freedom if the numbers of species are
8, total streams are 3, stream
temperature 3, stream pressure 3 and
heat released 1, extent of reaction 2?
53.
In a reactor two stream are entering, 11 13 18 21
one with CH4 at 10 atm and 27oC, and
another with O2 at 10 atm and 0oC,
producing CO2, CO, H2O, and O2 at
10 atm and 23oC, select the correct
total degree of freedom?
54.
How many types of systems are 0ne two three four
applicable for phase diagrams?
55.
For an ideal gas, the compressibility 1.0 2 3
factor is 0
56.
Any substance above its critical Gas Solid Liquid Solid-Liquid
temperature exists as
The equation PV=RT is used for ideal (p + (a/v2)) (v + (p + (a/v2)) (p + a2) (v –
57.
gases. The right equation for real b) = RT (v – b) = RT b) = RT
gases is van der Waals equation. What
is the correct formula for the van der
PV = nRT
Waals equation?
Where
(a/v2)= force of cohesion
b= coefficient related to volume of
molecules
58. What is the degree of freedom?
Number of Total variables in Number of None of the
phases the process components above

59.
In which of the following state does Liquid Vapor all of the
Solid
water exist? mentioned

60.
At --------------point all three phases Triple Critical Zero point Fusion point
i.e. solid, liquid, gas co-exists.

61.
The following compound is available sulphur water CO2 ethanol
in four phases

62.
In which system two triple point exist water CO2 ethanol sulphur

63.
In vandar Waals equation Vm is Volume Molar volume Volume at All of the
critical above
condition
The specific entropy of the mixture is S = X. + ( 1-X ).S S = X. S + ( 1-X ).S S = X. S + ( 1- S = X. S + S
64.
given by f g f g g f
X)

The mollier diagram is used only Dry steam and wet Only for Wet All of the
65. 50 percent and
when quality of steam is greater than for superheated steam steam above
steam.
66. The H-S diagram was created in 1904 Daltons Richard Mollier Maxwell Raoults
by
67. 6 Mollier diagram is a plot of total heat “T” total heat “P” total heat total heat
against entropy against entropy “V” against “H” against
7 “S”. “S”. entropy “S”. entropy “S”.
68. Joule-Thomson experiment is isobaric Only adiabatic Only Both
isenthalpic adiabatic &
isenthalpic
What are the number of degrees of 5 10 15
69. 25
freedom if the number of variables
 and number of equations are 15 and
10 respectively?
Explanation: Number of degrees of
freedom = 15 – 10 = 5.

What are the number of degrees of 7 9 11

70. 15
freedom if the number of variables
and number of equations are 18 and
7 respectively?
Explanation: Number of degrees of
freedom = 18 – 7 = 11.
What are the number of degrees of 2 8 10
71. 18
freedom if the number of variables
and number of equations are 10 and
8 respectively?
Explanation: Number of degrees of
freedom = 10 – 8 = 2.
What are the number of variables 1 2 3
72. 4
associated with a process stream, if
the number of species in the stream
are 2?
Explanation: Nv = Nsp + 2 = 2 + 2 =
4.
What are the number of 1 2 3
73. 4
compositions associated with a
process stream, if the number of
species in the stream are 2?
Explanation: Number of
compositions = Nsp – 1 = 2 – 1 = 1.
What is the number of compositions 1 2 3
74. 4
associated with a process stream, if
the number of species in the stream
is 4?
Explanation: Number of
compositions = Nsp – 1 = 4 – 1 = 3.
Degrees of freedom calculation treat Intensive Extensive Both
75. None of the
which kind of variables? intensive and above
Explanation: Degrees of freedom extensive
calculation treat intensive variables.

Which of the following cannot be T P V

76. W
treated as a variable for degrees of
freedom calculation?

Explanation: Since Volume is an

extensive variable, it cannot be
treated as a variable for degrees of
freedom calculation.
 Refer following website for explanation of answers

1. https://www.sanfoundry.com/chemical-engineering-questions-answers-degrees-freedom-
analysis/
2. https://qforquestions.com/chemical-engineering-thermodynamics-questions-answers/
3.

Question no 32 explanation----- Gibbs' phase rule simply counts the number of variables
required to specify the system and the number of relationships between these variables
(constraints). Any failure of Gibbs' phase rule is symptomatic of additional variables or
constraints that have not been taken into account.

This system is generally specified by four variables, the mole fraction of one species in the
liquid phase, xx, the same in the gas phase, yy, the pressure PP, and the temperature TT.
Equilibrium of the liquid and gas phases in both species provides two constraints. The
specification of an azeotrope, for which x=yx=y, provides a third constraint, as has been
mentioned in the comments. One degree of freedom remains.

In vapor-liquid equilibrium, mixtures sometimes occur in which the compositions of the coexisting
vapor and liquid phases are the same. Such mixtures are called azeotropes. Show that a binary
azeotropic mixture has only one degree of freedom. b. In osmotic equilibrium, two mixtures at
different pressures and separated by a rigid membrane permeable to only one of the species
present attain a state of equilibrium in which the two phases have different compositions. How many
degrees of freedom are there for osmotic equilibrium in a binary mixture? c. The phase equilibrium
 Subject :--CET Semester :--CH4I

Unit IV –Second Law of Thermodynamics

Sr. Question a b c d
No.
1 G and G positive G
What is a necessary condition for a G and
H should be and H negative
reaction to be spontaneous at all H should
positive should be and H
temperatures? be
negative should be
negative
positive
2 G and G positive G
What is a necessary condition for a G and
H should be and H negative
reaction to be non-spontaneous at all H should
positive should be and H
temperatures? be
negative should be
negative
positive
3 Temperatur Both Neither
Entropy of an ideal gas depends upon Pressure e pressure and temperatur
its temperature e or
pressure
4 Which of the following is the largest calorie Electron- Erg Joule
unit of energy? volt
5 According to the Clausius’ theorem, dH/dT dS/dT dQ/dT
the cyclic integral of ____ for a dV /dT
reversible cycle is zero.
6 Entropy is a Path Function, point Intensive Path
Intensive function, property function
Property extensive
property
7 For any process which is undergone dQ/T < = ds dQ/T > = ds dQ/T > = ds None of the
by a system above
8 For an irreversible process dS > dQ/ T dS < dQ/ T None of the
dS = dQ/ T
above
9 For a reversible process dS > dQ/ T dS < dQ/ T None of the
dS = dQ/ T
above
10 For the following reaction at 25oC, 51 KJ 67KJ +77.8 kJ
Ho = +115 kJ and So = +125 J/K.
Calculate Go for the reaction at +88.8 kJ
25o.
SBr4(g) S(g) + 2Br2(l)
11 For an Endothermic Endothermi
endothermic reactions are c reaction
For an process, reaction in cause
endothermic H is positive which cooling
select the incorrect statement
process, H is reactants effect by
negative. absorb heat lowering
from the the
12environme temperatur
 nt 12to e of the
produce surroundin
product g regions
12 The cyclic integral of entropy is____ <0 1 >0 0
13 What is the standard entropy change -298 J/K 198.7 J/K + 298J/K
of the reaction below at 298 K with
each compound at the standard
pressure? -198.7 J/K

N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g)

So298 (J/mol K) 191.5 130.6 192.3
14 Energy available Path Intensive none of
to do work function property these
Entropy is a/an
15 What is the entropy change (dSiso) of dSiso < = 0 dSiso < 0 dSiso = 0
dSiso > 0
an irreversible isolated (dQ=0)
process?
16 What is the relation between heat Q2 < Q2R Q2 < = Q2R Q2 > Q2R
rejected by any heat engine (Q2) and
heat rejected by reversible heat Q2 = Q2R
engine (Q2R), when both are
operating between same heat source
and same heat sink?
17 100 kg of ice at 0 °C is melted 112 129 222
completely. What will be the change
in entropy in kJ/K, when T2 = 0 °C 122.6
and latent heat of fusion of ice is
taken as 334.774 J/g
18 At which of the following 1010 K 1220K 560 K
temperatures the reaction C(graphite) +
CO2 (g) → 2CO(g) will occur 1110 K
spontaneously if ΔH = 170 kJ and ΔS
= 170 J K-1?
19 What is the equation for entropy of a S = S1 - S2 S=
system if two parts 1 and 2 having S =( S1 – S2) /2 S = S1 + S2 (S1 + S2)/2
entropies S1 and S2 are considered in
equilibrium?
20 ΔSsystem + ΔSsystem + ΔSsystem +
Which of the following is the correct ΔSsystem -
ΔSsurroundings ΔSsurroundings ΔSsurroundings
criteria for a spontaneous process? ΔSsurroundings > 0
>0 <0 =0
21 A change in state involving a endothermic May be None of
decrease in entropy can be it is exothermic. exothermic these
spontaneous, only if or
endothermic
22 A system undergoes a change from a Δ S1 is Δ S1 is Δ S1 is
given initial state to a given final always = always < always >
Δ S1 is always < =
state either by an irreversible process Δ SR Δ SR Δ SR
Δ SR
or by a reversible process,
then(where, Δ S1 and Δ SR are the
 entropy changes of the system for the
irreversible and reversible processes
respectively)
23 According to the Clausius’ theorem, dS/dT dH/dT dV/dT
the cyclic integral of ____ for a dQ/dT
reversible cycle is zero.
24 As the entropy of the universe is increasing May increase Remains
increasing, day by day, the work decreasing or decrease constant
producing capacity of a heat engine is
25 As the time is passing, entropy of the increasing May increase Remains
decreasing
universe is or decrease constant
26 During adiabatic expansion of gas none of these
27 Entropy change in case of reversible <0 >0 None of
zero
adiabatic process is these
28 Entropy change of the reaction, Fusion Sublimation Specific
H2O(liquid) H2O(gas), is termed Vaporisation heat
as the enthalpy of
29 For a constant pressure reversible dS /dT Cp/dT dQ/T
process, the enthalpy change (ΔH) of Cp.dT
the system is integral of
30 For an ideal gas, the enthalpy is volume temperature pressure.
mass
independent of
31 How are the efficiencies of any heat η > ηR η = ηR η > = ηR
engine (η) and reversible heat engine
η < ηR
(ηR) compared, when both are
operating between same heat source
and same heat sink?
32 How is the final temperature (Tf) of Tf = Tf = Tf = (T1 /
the two bodies given, when these (T1 - T2) / 2 (T1 + T2) T2) / 2
bodies, having same heat capacity
Tf = (T1 + T2) / 2
and initially at temperatures T1 and
T2 (T1>T2) are brought together in
thermal contact, without delivering
any work?
33 If the two parts A and B in a system W = WA - W = WA . W = WA /
are considered to be in equilibrium WB WB WB
and having thermodynamic
W = WA + WB
probabilities WA and WB, what will
be the thermodynamic probability of
the system?
34 Melting of wax is accompanied with decrease Remains May
increase constant increase or
__________ in entropy.
decrease
35 Pick out the Claussius-Clayperon lnP = -del H/R + lnP = -del lnP = -del lnP = -del
equation from the following: Constant H/RT + H/T + 1/RT +
 Constant Constant Constant
36 The cyclic integral of entropy is____ zero <0 >0 All of the
above
37 The enthalpy change when ammonia Heat Solution Latent heat
gas is dissolved in water is called the Specific heat capacity
heat of
38 The entropy change in a reversible R 4 None of
isothermal process, when an ideal gas these
expands to four times its initial R loge 4
volume is
39 . reversible Irreversible All of the
The expression for entropy change reversible isothermal isothermal above
given by, ΔS = - nR ln (P2/P1), holds isobaric volume volume
good for
change. change.
40 (T1 -T2) / 2 (T1+T2) / 2 (T1 -T2) /
The final temperatures of two bodies, (T1+T2) / 2 to
to to (T1*T2) 2 to
initially at T1 and T2 can range from sqrt(T1*T2)
sqrt(T1*T2) (T1*T2)

41 The partial molar enthalpy of a P Both T and P T, P and Z

component in an ideal binary gas
mixture of composition Z, at a T
temperature T and pressure P, is a
function only of
42 If an ideal solution is formed by volume Both None of
mixing two pure liquids in any enthalpy and these
enthalpy
proportion, then the ---------- of volume
mixing is zero
43 Pressure and State of None of
volume combination these
number of and
intermediate aggregation
The total change in the enthalpy of a
chemical in the
system is independent of the
reactions beginning
involved. and at the
end of the
reaction
44 Calculating Evaluating both (b)
absolute entropy and (c)
Prediction of the entropies of changes of
Third law of thermodynamics is
extent of substances chemical
helpful in
chemical reaction at different reaction
temperature
s
45 Gain loss None of
Available energy of energy of energy a these
Entropy is the
for work done available vailable
to do work to do work
46 Cooling Either All of the
What happens in a reversible Heating takes takes place. Heating or above
adiabatic expansion process? place cooling takes
place
47 What is the entropy change (dSiso) of dSiso = 0 dS > 0 dS < 0 None of the
a reversible isolated (dQ=0) process? above
48 __________ law of thermodynamics First Second Third
ascertains the direction of a particular Zeroth
spontaneous process.
49 Inability to Does not All of the
the direction tells about above
It does not tells of process reverse flow
Limitation of first law of of heat from
about feasibility
thermodynamics is/are low
of process
temperature
to high
temperature
50 All process involving conversion of Are not Are May be None of the
heat in to work and vice-versa equivalent equivalent higher above
51 Irreversible Irre All of the
and versible and above
accompainie are
All spontaneous process d by accompanie
reversible increase of
are, to some extent d by a
energy degradation
of energy.

52 Kelvin-Plank states that only part of High May be high None of the
heat transferred to the engine from Low temperature or low above
a high temperature reservoir is temperature region temperature
converted to work, the rest is region region
rejected to
53 To predict To acess All of the
To predict direction of above
Applications of second law of rate of
feasibility of energy
thermodynamics is/are chemical
reaction transfer reaction
54 Non- May be a or None of the
Dissolution of salt in water is spontaneous spontaneous above
b
55 Low entropy Remains None of the
An orderly configuration results in High entropy
above
constant
56 different different Same size
Same size of
size of size of of crystal,
crystal, in
Perfect crystal means crystal, in crystal, in in random
systematic
systematic random arrangemen
arrangement
arrangement arrangement t
 Subject :--CET Semester :--CH4I

Unit IV –Second Law of Thermodynamics

Sr. Question a b c d
No.
1 2SO3(g) 2SO2(g) + O2(g) [SO2]2[O2]/[ [SO2]2[
SO3] 2 O2]
The conventional equilibrium constant [SO2] [O2]/[S
[SO2]2/[SO3]
expression (Kc) for the system as O3]2
described by the above equation is:
2 For a reversible reaction the concentration remains the None of
of the reactants are doubled, then the increases same decreases the
equilibrium constant above
3 In forward In
direction system in not backwar
system in
Le Chatelier Principle is applicable to only equilibrium d
equilibrium
direction
only
4 allow the Prevents the allow the None of
equilibrium equilibrium equilibrium to the
The role of a catalyst in a reversible
to be be achieved above
reaction is to
achieved quickly
slowly
5 What will be the effect on the equilibrium decreases Cannot
constant on increasing temperature, if the be
Remains
reaction neither absorbs heat nor releases Increases predicte
constant
heat? d.

6 At equilibrium, a 1.0 liter container was 0.15 mol/L 0.023

found to contain 0.20 moles of A, 0.20 mol/L
moles of B, 0.40 moles of C and 0.40
mole of D. If 0.10 moles of A and 0.10
moles of B are added to this system, what 0.23 mol/L 0.34 mol/L
will be the new equilibrium concentration
of A?

A(g) + B(g) C(g) + D(g)

7 Calculate ΔG for the water gas reaction
0
- 2867 28673
CO(g) + H2O(g) ⇌ CO2 (g) + H2(g). 3 J/mol
20673 J/mol 8673 J/mol
Kp for this reaction at 298K is 1.06 x 105 J/mol

8 It changes
For a specific reaction, which of the
with changes
following statements can be made about
in the
K, the equilibrium constant?
temperature.
9 all of the
For total stability
mention
ed
10 Only Neither the None of
Only backward forward nor the
When the system A + B C + D is at forward reaction the reverse above
equilibrium reaction takes place reaction has
takes place stopped.
11 H S
Chemical Q
Gibbs free energy per mole for a pure
potential
substance is equal to the
12 As the temperature is lowered towards the >0 None of
absolute zero, the value of the the
<0 Zero above

quantity approaches
13 For exothermic reaction increase in increases Remains None of
temperature, the value of K Decreases constant the
above
14 At equilibrium condition, the chemical μ° - RT ln f μ° + RT
potential of a material in different phases
in contact with each other is equal. The
chemical potential for a real gas (μ) is
μ° + RT ln f μ° + ln f
given by(where, μ = standard chemical
potential at unit fugacity (f° = 1 atm.) and
the gas behaves ideally.)

15 Chemical potential (an intensive property) 2 3

of a substance is a force that drives the
chemical system to equilibrium and is
equal to its partial molar properties. The
ratio of chemical potential to free energy 0 1
of a pure substance at constant
temperature and pressure is

16 For a multicomponent system, the term Partial molar Vapor

chemical potential is equivalent to the Kinetic free energy Partial potential
energy pressure

17 For an ideal gas, the chemical potential is

given by
T dlnP R dlnP dlnP RT dlnP

18 For the gaseous phase chemical reaction,

C2H4(g) + H2O(g) C2H5OH(g), the
equilibrium conversion does not depend none of these
on the
19 For the reversible exothermic reaction, Both (b)
N2 + 3H2 2NH3, increase of and (c).
pressure would

20 Free energy changes for two reaction

mechanism 'X' and 'Y are respectively - 15 faster Than Y
and - 5 units. It implies that X is

21 Gibbs free energy at constant pressure maximum None of

and temperature under equilibrium these
conditions is minimum 0

22 Heat of formation of an element in its negative None of

standard state is 0 the
positive above

23 In case of the decomposition of Increases the Doesnot None of

Diminish the degree of the
hydroiodic acid (2HI H2 + I2), degree of affect degree
addition of H2 (at equilibrium condition) dissociation of above
dissociation of HI.
will of HI. dissociation

24 In the ammonia synthesis reaction, N2 + high Both low High

pressure. temperature temperat
3H2 2NH3 + 22.4 kcal, the low
and high ure and
formation of NH3 will be favoured by temperature
pressure. low
pressure.
25 In the reaction, H2 +I2 2HI, addition not affect the affect the May be or None of
of an inert gas will equilibrium equilibrium may not be the
conditions conditions above
26 In which of the following reaction
equilibria, the value of equilibrium N2O4 2
constant Kp will be more than is Kc ? NO2

27 Maxwell's relation corresponding to the

identity, dH = dS = Vdp + ∑μi dni is

28 Specific __________ does not change Entropy None of

during a phase change (e.g. sublimation, Gibbs free the
Enthalpy energy
melting, vaporisation etc.) above

29 The ammonia synthesis reaction irreversible Heterog

represented by N2 + 3H2 2NH3 ; ΔH exothermic eneous
endothermic
= - 22.4 kcal, is

30 The change in Gibbs freee energy for negative None of

positive zero
vaporisation of a pure substance is the
 above
31 The chemical potential for a pure Greater than None of
substance is __________ its partial molal Less than equal to the
free energy. above
32 The equation relating E, P, V and T which thermodyna Clausius
is true for all substanes under all mic equation -
conditions is given Vandaar of state. Clapryo
Waals Ideal gas n

by .This equation is equation

called the

33 The free energy change for a chemical RT lnK -RT lnK

reaction is given by (where, K =
-HRT lnK -RT
equilibrium constant)

34 the chemical the chemical None of

potential of potential of the
each each above
The necessary and sufficient condition for component component
equilibrium between two phases is should be should be
different in same in the
the two two phases.
phases
35 Chemical
potentials of a
The necessary condition for phase given
equilibrium in a multiphase system of N component
components is that the should be
equal in all
phases.
36 The quantitative effect of temperature on Mollier Maxwell Vant-Hoff Clausius
chemical equilibrium is given by the equation equation equation. equation
37 The ratio of equilibrium constants Del H/R ( Del H/R ( Del H/R
Del H / R (
(Kp2/Kp1) at two different temperatures is 1/T1-1/T2) 1/T1-1/T2) ( 1/T1-
1/T1-1/T2)
given by 1/T2)
38 The unit of equilibrium constant of a none of
chemical reaction is the same as that of these
39 Two substances are in equilibrium in a decreases 0
reversible chemical reaction. If the
concentration of each substance is increases same
doubled, then the value of the equilibrium
constant will be
40 When a system in equilibrium is Raoults law Le-
subjected to a change in temperature, .Amagats law Chatelie
Henrys law
pressure or concentration, the equilibrium r
is displaced in a direction which tends to principle
 undo the effect of the change. This is
called the
41 When liquid and vapor phase of multi- May be None of
component system are in equilibrium (at a Different in different or same in both the
given temperature and pressure), then both the same in both the phases above
chemical potential of each component is phases the phases
42 When liquid and vapor phases of one May be None of
component system are in equilibrium (at a Different in different or same in both the
given temperature and pressure), the both the same in both the phases above
molar free energy is phases the phases
43 Which of the following equations is dE = Tds+- dE = Td
obtained on combining 1st and 2nd law of dE = Tds=- PdV dE = Tds/ Pd s - PdV
thermodynamics, for a system of constant PdV V
mass?
44 For endothermic reaction increase in increases Remains None of
temperature, the value of K Decreases constant the
above
For exothermic reaction decrease in increases Remains None of
temperature, the value of K Decreases constant the
above
For endothermic reaction decrease in increases Remains None of
temperature, the value of K Decreases constant the
above
 Prof. Garad Namdev Madhav ( Polytechnic, Loni)

Subject :-- Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics

Unit—I 9 Thermodynamics and Equilibrium)

Sr. Question a b c d
No.
1 In an open system, for maximum work, irreversible reversible adiabatic none of the
the process must be entirely mentioned

2 Which of the following is true for a mass mass does mass entering can none of the
steady flow system? entering = not enter or be more or less mentioned
mass leave the than the mass
leaving system leaving
d) none of the
mentioned
3 Which of the following is true for a mass mass does mass entering can
closed system? entering = not enter or be more or less none of the
mass leave the than the mass mentioned
leaving system leaving

4 The work done by a closed system in a less than or equal to less than more than
reversible process is always ___ that more than
done in an irreversible process.

5 A piston cylinder contains 0.5 kg of air 56.1 kJ 66.1 kJ 76.1 kJ 86.1 kJ

at 500 kPa and 500 K. The air expands
in a process so pressure is linearly
decreasing with volume to a final state
of 100 kPa and 300 K. Find the work in
the process.

6 A piston cylinder contains air at 600 0.05 m^3 0.01 m^3 0.10 m^3 0.15 m^3
kPa, 290 K and a volume of 0.01m^3.
A constant pressure process gives 54
kJ of work out. Find the final volume of
the air.
7 Work done in all reversible processes - Equal different less higher
--------.
8 The term “thermodynamics” comes Heat Heat Heat Energy Heat motion
from Greek power transfer
words “therme” and “dynamis” which
means _______.
9 The term “thermodynamics” was first Rudolph William Lord Kelvin Thomas
Clausius Rankine Savery
 used in 1849 in the publication of a

1o The macroscopic approach to the Dynamic Static Statistical Classical

study of thermodynamics does not thermodyn thermodyna thermodynamics thermodyn
require knowledge of the behavior of amics mics amics
individual particles is called _____.

11 What type of system energy is Macroscopi Microscopic Internal energy External

related to the molecular structure of a c form of form of energy
system? energy energy

12 What does the term “steady” implies? No change No change No change with No change
with volume with time location with mass
13 The prefix “iso” used to designate a Cannot be Remains Approximately Slight
process means ______. interchange constant equal difference
d
14 What is a process during which the Isobaric Isothermal Isochoric Adiabatic
volume remains constant? process process Process process

15 What is a process during which the Isobaric Isothermal Isochoric process Adiabatic
temperature remains constant process process process
16 What is a process during which the Isobaric Isothermal Isochoric process Adiabatic
pressure remains constant process process process
17 What is a process during which the heat Isobaric Isothermal Isochoric process Adiabatic
transfer takes place is process process process
18 What is a process with identical end Cyclic process Path Phase Either path or
states called? phase

19 A system is said to be in thermodynamic Mechanical Thermal and Thermal, Thermal,

equilibrium if it maintains ______ and phase chemical mechanical and phase,
equilibrium. chemical mechanical
and
chemical

20 A system is in ______ equilibrium if the Static Thermal Mechanical Phase

temperature is the same throughout the
entire system.

21 A system is in ______ equilibrium if Pressure Thermal Mechanical Phase

there is no change in pressure at any
 point of the system with time.

22 If a system involves two phases, it is in phase Thermal Mechanical Chemical

______ equilibrium when the mass of
each phase reaches an equilibrium level
and stays there.
23 A system is in ______ equilibrium of its phase Thermal Mechanical Chemical
chemical composition does not change
with time, i.e., no chemical reaction
occurs.
24 Extensive properties per unit Specific Relative Unit properties Phase
mass are called _____. properties properties properties

25 Which is NOT an extensive Mass Density Volume Enthalpy

property of thermodynamics?

26 Which is NOT an intensive property of Temperature Mass Pressure Density

thermodynamics?

27 The thermodynamic properties that are Extensive Intensive Intrinsic Open

dependent on the size or extent of the property
system is called _____.
28 A system in which there is a flow of mass Equilibrium Isolated System Open system Closed system
is known as _____. system

29 A system in which even energy is Equilibrium Isolated System Open system Closed system
not allowed to cross the boundary system
is called ____.
30 A system which consists of fixed Equilibrium Isolated System Open system Closed
amount of mass and no mass can system system
cross its boundary called _____.
31 What is the real or imaginary Boundary Division wall Interface
surface that separates the
system from its surroundings?

32 What is the mass or region outside the Boundary Volume Surroundings Environment
system called?

33 The first law of thermodynamics is based Conservation Conservation of Action and reaction The entropy-
on which of the following principles? of mass energy temperature
relation

34 What is defined a region in Surroundings System Boundary Volume

 space chosen for study?

35 An open system is one in which....... Mass does Neither mass Both energy and Mass crosses
not cross nor energy mass cross the the boundary
boundaries crosses the boundaries of the but not the
of the boundsries of system energy
system,throu the system
gh energy
may do so

36 An closed system is one in which........ Mass does Neither mass Both energy and Mass crosses
not cross nor energy mass cross the the boundary
boundaries crosses the boundaries of the but not the
of the boundaries of system energy
system, the system
though
energy may
do so
37 Characteristic gas constant of a gas is Cp / Cv Cv / Cp Cp-Cv Cp + Cv
equal to........

38 Which of the following variables controls Temperature Pressure Volume Pressure,

the physical properties of a perfect gas Temperature,
Volume
39 General gas equation is PV = nRT PV = mRT PV = C P/V = C

40 According to kinetic theory of gases, volume of pressure of kinetic energy of specific heat
the absolute zero temperature is the gas is the gas is the molecules is of gas is zero
attained when zero zero zero

41 Specific heat of air at constant 0.17 0.21 0.24 1.0

pressure is equal to
42 Intensive property of a system is one depends on does not is not dependent on is dependent
whose value the mass of depend on the the path followed on the path
the system, mass of the but on the state followed and
like volume system, like not on the
temperature, state
pressure, etc.

43 Boyle’s law is PV = C P/V = C V/P = C P = V.C

44 The ratio of two specific heats of air is 0.17 0.24 0.1 1.41
equal to
45 Extensive property of a system is one depends on does not is not dependent on is dependent
whose value the mass of depend on the the path followed on the path
the system mass of the but on the state followed and
like volume system, like not on the
temperature, state
pressure, etc
46 Properties of substances like pressure, path point cyclic functions real functions
temperature and density, in functions functions
thermodynamic coordinates are
47 An isolated system is one in which  mass neither mass both energy and mass crosses
does not nor energy mass cross the the boundary
cross crosses the boundaries of the but not the
boundarie boundaries of system energy
s of the the system
system,
though
energy
may do so

48 Which of the following quantities is pressure temperature Density. heat

49 Mixture of ice and water form a open system isolated Heterogeneous closed
system system system

50 Heat and work are path point functions system properties intensive
functions properties

51 First law of thermodynamics furnishes Heat and Heat and Heat, Energy and Various
the relationship between Energy Work Work properties of
the system
52 According to first law of total energy entropy of a Potential energy Kinetic
thermodynamics of a system system remains remains constant energy
remains constant. remains
constant constant

53 In an isothermal process, the internal increases decreases remains constant first increases
energy and then
decreases

54 Total heat of a substance is also internal entropy thermal capacity enthalpy

known as energy

55 Energy can neither be created nor zeroth low of second law to first law of claussius
destroyed but can be converted from thermodyna thermodynami thermodynamics statement
 one form to other is inferred from mic cs
56 Which of the following processes is Adiabatic Throttling Isothermal All of the
irreversible process above

57 In a free expansion process work done is heat transfer Both Heat and work done is
zero is zero Work done zero zero but heat
increases
58 Work done in a free expansion and Zero positive negative maximum
throttling process is

59 Work done is zero for the following Isothermal Isochoric Adiabatic Isobaric
process
60 Work done is zero for the following constant free throttling all Of the
process volume expansion above

61 First law of thermodynamics provides does not enables to all of the

relationship enable to determine change above.
between determine in internal energy of
heat, work change in the system
and internal entropy
energy
62 Quasi Static process Very slow Very fast High temperature None of the
and stable process process above
process
63 Which of the following laws is applicable Boyle's law Charle's law Gas-Lussac law All of the
for the behavior of perfect gas ....... above
64 Irreversible process takes place in One step Two step Three step Multi step
only
65 --------- Process takes place fast and reversible Irreversible Cyclic All of the
sudden. above

67 ----------- process is a slow process reversible Irreversible Cyclic All of the

.and takes place in many steps. above

68 NTP stands for Nmal T,P Nominal T,P Normal T,P All of the
above
69 Which of the following statements is Work is a Work appears Temperature is Change in
false? state at the a state function. the state is
function. boundary of completely
the system. defined when
the initial and
final states
are specified.
70 According to first law of mass and heat and work mass and work are heat flows
thermodynamics energy are are mutually mutually convertible from hot
mutually convertible substance to
convertible cold
substance
 Subject:--Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics

Unit:--II ( First Law of Thermodynamics )

Sr. Question Option a Option b Option c Option d

No.
1 The value of n = 1 in the reversible isothermal adiabatic irreversible
polytropic process indicates it to process process process process
be

2 Zeroth law of Deals with Deals with States that if Deals with
thermodynamics........ conversion of reversibility two system are heat engines
mass and and both in
energy irresibility of equilibrium with
process a third system,
they are
in thermal
equilibrium with
each other

3 The first law of thermodynamics Created only Destroyed converted Created and
states that energy cannot be only destroyed

4 First law of thermodynamics Conservation Conservation Conservation Conservatio

deals with _______ of mass of of energy n of
momentum pressure
5 Equation of the first law of Internal Internal Internal Internal
thermodynamics is ________ Energy= Heat Energy= Energy= Heat Energy=Hea
added into Heat added divided t added plus
work done rejected into by work done work done
work done

6 An increase in enthalpy leads Increase in Increase in Increase in Increase in

to an increase in __________ mass internal pressure volume
energy
7 SI unit of enthalpy is_______ Joule/kg Joule/K Joule/kgK K/Kg

8 The total amount of energy in Increasing decreasing constant May

the universe is increase or
 9decrease
9 Which of the following is/are Macroscopic Microscopic Both a. and b. none of the
mode/s of storage of internal energy mode energy mode above
energy in a system?

10 Which of the following is NOT a Internal energy Heat energy Work energy none of the
path function? above

11 Consider the below diagram of (Q1 – Q2) = ΔE – (Q1 + Q2) = ΔE (Q1 – Q2) = ΔE + Q1 +Q2 = -
heat transfer and work transfer ( W2 + W3 – + ( W2 – W3 + ( W2 + W3 – W1 W1+ W2
for a system. What will be the W1 ) W1 ) +W3
first law equation for the below
system?

12 A system changes its state from ΔE of path C ΔE of path A ΔE of all the none of the
state 1 to state 2 through path A will be greater and path C paths are equal above
and returns from state 2 to state then ΔE of are equal but
1 through path B. Path C is also path B and ΔE of path B
an alternate returning path from path A is different
state 2 to state 1 as shown in than rest
figure. What will be the effect
on change in internal energy of
the system(ΔE), if the system
undergoes these different paths
A, B and C?
13 When the heat transfer into a the internal the internal the internal none of the
system is more than the work energy of the energy of the energy of the above
transfer out of the system, then system system system
remains decreases increases
constant

14 For a compressible fluid, if Isothermal Adiabatic Polytrophic Isobaric

there is no change in specific process process process Process
volume at constant
temperature, what type of
process it is?

15 If the fluid is incompressible, do Yes No Depends on the None of the

thermodynamic properties play fluid above
an important role in its behavior
at varying temperature and
pressure?

16 Calculate the pressure exerted 946 kN/m2 1892 kN/m2 1419 kN/m2 500 kN/m2
by 9 kg of air at a temperature
of 20℃ if the volume is 0.8m3.
Assuming ideal gas laws are
applicable.
17 Characteristic gas constant ( R) C/Cv Cv/Cp Cp – Cv Cp + Cv
of a gas is equal to

18 Boyle’s law i.e. pV = constant is all ranges only small high range steady
applicable to gases under of range of of pressures change of
pressures pressures pressures
19 The ratio of two specific heats of 0.17 0.24 0.1 1.41
air is equal to

20 Which law states that the Charles’ Joule’s Regnault’s Boyle’s

internal energy of a gas is a law law law law
function of temperature

21 Which law states that the Charles’ Joule’s Regnault’s Boyle’s

specific heat of a gas remains Law Law Law Law
constant at all temperatures and
pressures

22 Gases ( Compressible fluids) only one two three values no value

have value of values of of specific of
specific specific heat specific
heat heat heat

23 Incompressible Fluids have only one two three values no value

value of values of of specific of
specific specific heat specific
heat heat heat

24 Work done in a free expansion positive negative zero minimum

process is

25 Extensive property of a system is depends on does not is not is dependent

one whose value the mass of the depend on the dependent on on the path
system like mass of the the path followed and
volume system, like followed but on not on the
temperature, the state state
pressure, etc.

26 If a gas is heated against a positive negative zero pressure x

pressure, keeping the volume volume
constant, then work done will
be equal to
27 Properties of substances like Path functions Point Cyclic functions Real
pressure, temperature and functions functions
density, in thermodynamic
coordinates are

28 Heat and work are Path functions Point Cyclic functions Real
functions functions

29 Solids and liquids have -------- 1 2 3 4

value of specific heat
30 If value of n is infinitely large in a pressure temperature volume enthalpy
polytropic process pV” = C, then
the process is known as
constant

31 In an isothermal process, the increases decreases Remains May increase

internal energy of gas molecules constant or decrease
depending
on the
properties of
the gas
32 Work done is zero for the Constant Free throttling All of the
following process volume expansion above

33 The basis for measuring Zeroth law of First law of Second law of Third law of
thermodynamic property of TD TD TD TD
temperature is given by

34 For which of the following Any gas Saturated water Perfect gas
substances, the internal energy steam
and enthalpy are the functions
of temperature only

35 The specific heat of air increases temperature pressure Both Variation of

with increase in temperature its
and pressure constituent
36 First law of thermodynamics heat and work heat, work various Various
furnishes the relationship and properties thermodyna
between properties of of the mic process
the system system

37 In an isothermal process, the increases decreases Remains First

internal energy constant increases
and then
decreases
38 Total heat of a substance is Internal energy entropy Thermal enthalpy
also known as conductivity

39 By first law of thermodynamics, Q=ΔE-W Q=ΔE+W Q=-ΔE-W Q= -ΔE+W

40 Which of the following an be Q-W=ΔE Q=ΔE+W First law of TD All of the

considered as the definition of above
energy?

41 The term polytropic was open closed Both open and None of the
originally coined to describe closed above
any reversible process on any
__________ system of gas or
vapor.

42 In polytropic process formula, Number of Polytrophic volume pressure

n stands for? moles index

43 For which process, n=0? Isochoric Isothermal Isobaric process Adiabatic

process process process

44 When does pV=C condition n=0 n=1 n=infinity All of the

there? above

45 The expression for the work Isobaric isothermal adiabatic None of

done for a reversible polytropic these
process can be used to obtain
 the expression for work done for
all processes, except reversible
__________ process.

46 The enthalpy of a H = U +PV H = U- PV H = -U +PV H = -U-PV

substance(denoted by h), is
defined as

47 In a constant volume process, Heat Work done zero None of the

internal energy change is equal transferred above
to

48 Heat transferred at constant decreases increases first decreases first

pressure _____ the enthalpy of then increases increases
system then
decreases
49 Enthalpy for an ideal gas is.... H = U +RT H = U- RT H = -U +RT H = -U-RT

50 Enthalpy is represented by R N H S
which of the following symbol
51 Total enthalpy of a system H is Mass/enthalpy Mass- Enthalpy /mass Mass*
given by enthalpy Enthalpy

52 At constant pressure PV =d(PV) dQ =dU + PdV dQ =dU +Vdp dQ = dU-VdP

53 For an ideal gas, enthalpy H = U-RT H= -U-RT H = U + RT H = -U + RT

becomes

54 The specific heat of a specific work, specific internal heat,

substance at constant volume internal pressure energy, temperature
(Cv) is defined as the rate of energy, Cv = ∂w/∂p pressure Cv = ∂q/∂T
change of ___ with respect to temperature Cv = ∂u/∂p
___ Cv = ∂u/∂T

55 The specific heat of a Work, pressure Enthalpy, Enthalpy, Heat,

substance at constant pressure Cp = ∂w/∂p temperature pressure temperature
(Cp) is defined as the rate of Cp = ∂H/∂T Cp = ∂h/∂p Cp = ∂q/∂T
change of ___ with respect to
___
56 The heat capacity at constant Cp = mass (m)Cp = mass Cp = Specific Cp = mass
pressure Cp is equal to * Specific heat
(m) / Specific heat of (m) - Specific
of substance at
heat of substance at heat of
constant substance at constant substance at
pressure constant pressure / mass constant
pressure (m) pressure
57 If a certain mass of steam is Q=ΔKE + ΔPE Q=ΔKE + Q=-ΔKE – ΔPE Q=ΔKE +
considered as the – ΔU + W ΔPE – ΔU – + ΔU + W ΔPE + ΔU +
thermodynamic system, then W W
the energy equation becomes

58 Potential energy (PE) is given by mgz Mg/z m/gz m- gz

59 Kinetic energy is given by MV 1/MV ½ MV ½ MV2

60 The total energy ( E ) of System U +KE +PE U +KE U +PE KE +PE

61 Enthalpy of a cyclic process is 1 Less than 1 Greater than 1 zero

62 Specific heat is equal to Heat capacity Heat capacity Mass / Heat Mass * Heat
/mass - mass capacity capacity
63 Molar Heat capacity (C) at any dQ/dT dU/dT dW/dT dS/dT
temperature T is given by
differential equation
64 Cp – Cv = R, this relationship is Maxwell Gibbs Mayers relation Zeroth law
called as relation relation

65 For the ideal gas equation, there is little or the volume Ideal gas All of the
what assumptions are made? no attraction occupied by follows PV = above
between the the nRT
molecules of molecules is
the gas negligibly
small
compared to
the volume
of the gas

66 When does a real gas obey the at high at low at low pressure at high
ideal gas equation closely? pressure and pressure and and pressure
low high temperature and
temperature temperature temperature
67 Compressibility factor ( Z) is Vreal/Videal Videal / Vreal Videal * Vreal Videal + Vreal
given by
68 Boyles law states that P∝T P ∝ T/V P∝V P ∝ 1/V

69 Charles law states that P∝T V∝1/T V∝T P∝V

70 Avogadros Law states that P ∝ 1/V V∝n P ∝ 1/T P∝v

71 In Isochoric process work done W=0 W = P ( V2- W = R ( T2 – W = RT ln (

is V1) T1) P1/ P2)

72 In reversible Isobaric pressure W = P ( V2- W = RT ln ( W = RT ln ( P1/ W = Cv ( T2 –

process, work done is given V1) or V2/V1) P2) T1)
by W = R ( T2 –
T1)

73 In reversible Isothermal W = P ( V2- W = RT ln ( W = R ( T2 – W = Cv ( T2 –

process, work done is given V1) V2/V1) 0r T1) T1)
by W = RT ln (
P1/ P2)

74 Compressibility factor Z is RT/PV PV/RT (RT/pv)2 (pv/RT)2

given by

75 For an ideal gas, 0 2 1 Infinity

compressibility factor (Z ) has
the value

76 For real gas PV = RT PV ≠ RT PV =R PV =T

77 In polytropic process PVn = Isobaric Isochoric Isothermal Adiabatic
Constant, When n = 0, then
process is
78 In polytropic process PVn = Isobaric Isochoric Isothermal Adiabatic
Constant, When n = 1 then
process is
79 In polytropic process PVn = Isobaric Isochoric Isothermal Adiabatic
Constant, When n = Infinity,
then process is
80 When a gas at high pressure is heated cooled Temperature May be
expanded by through porous remains heated or
plug in to a region of low constant cooled
pressure under adiabatic
 condition then gas gets
81 If dQ is the amount of heat supplied dQ + dW = 0 dQ – dW = 0 dW / dQ = 0 dQ / dW = 0
and dW is the work done, then in
isothermal process:

82 Joule-Thomson effect is related to: adiabatic adiabatic isothermal isothermal

compression expansion expansion compression

83 The specific heat of a solid is 5 150 cal 100 cal 25 cal 15 cal
cal/g/ºC. Then heat required to raise its
temperature by 20 ºC is:

84 Which of the following is an Surface Heat viscosity Refractive

extensive property? tension capacity index
85 All of the following are intensive mass density viscosity temperature
properties Except:
86 The specific heat of a perfect gas temperature, temperature temperature and temperature
is a function of pressure and and pressure entropy only only
entropy only only
A B
. .

C D
. .
87 In Porous plug experiment the its molecular pressure gradient temperature
its specific
change in temperature of a gas =weight on either side gradient on
depends upon heat either side

A B
. .

C D
. .
88 The external work done is zero for Isothermal Throttling Free expansion Constant
all the following cases EXCEPT: volume
89 Which of the following relation dH =0 dw =0 dS=0 dQ=0
does not hold good for a throttling
process?
90 which of the following set of Pressure, Work, energy Mass, volume Kinetic
quantities contains intensive temperature and weight and area energy,
variables? and density potential
energy and
A B internal
. . energy

C D
. .
91 In case of real gases, Cp will be at critical above critical at absolute zero at triple point
equal to Cv temperature temperature
92 "The internal energy of a gas is a Boyle Charle Daltons Joule
function of temperature". Which of
the following name is associated
with the above law?
93 The process in which the change in isochoric isobaric adiabatic process isothermal
internal energy of a gas is equal to process process process
the work done is known as
94 According to Charle's law At constant At constant At constant
volume the At pressure the gauge
absolute constant volume of a gas pressure the
pressure is pressure is proportional to molecular
proportional to its absolute folume of a
the
absolute temperature gas is
temperature volume of proportional
a gas is to its absolute
proportion temperature
al to its
temperatu
re

95 Joule Thomson coefficient for an unity 0.5 zero 2

ideal gas having equation pv = RT
is
96 Which of the following changes Pressure Internal Temperature Pressure x
during throttling process? energy Volume
97 Isothermals are curves obtained P against T PV against T P against V PT against V
by drawing
98 The internal energy of an ideal gas A function of A function of A function of All of the
is temperature pressure alone volume alone above
alone
99 During throttling process Internal energy Pressure does Entropy does not Enthalpy does
does not change not change change not change
100 Pressure Temperature volume velocity
The internal energy of a substance
depdnds on

101 A gas which obeys kinetic theory monoatomic Perfect gas Diatomic Real gas
perfectly is known as
 1. A system changes its state from state 1 to state 2 through path A and returns from
state 2 to state 1 through path B. Path C is also an alternate returning path from
state 2 to state 1 as shown in figure. What will be the effect on change in internal
energy of the system(ΔE), if the system undergoes these different paths A, B and
C?

According to the description of path given, through the path A and path B system undergoes
cycle,
Writing the first law equation for path A,
QA = ΔEA + WA and for path B,
QB = ΔEB + WB

The processes A and B together constitute a cycle, for which

(∑ W)cycle = (∑ Q)cycle
WA + WB = QA + QB
QA – WA = WB – QB
ΔEA = – ΔEB

Similarly, when the system returns from state 2 to state 1 through path C,
ΔEA = – ΔEC

Therefore,
ΔEB = ΔEC

Therefore above equations show that the change in internal energy between two states of
the system is the same, no matter which path may system follow.

Prob.2 Consider the below diagram of heat transfer and work transfer for a system. What
will be the first law equation for the below system?

Answer:--(Q1 – Q2) = ΔE + ( W2 + W3 – W1 )
Explanation:
When a system undergoes cycle, then the algebraic sum of all energy transfer across the
boundaries is zero. But when a system undergoes a change of state in which both heat
transfer and work transfer are involved, the net energy transfer is stored and collected
within the system. If Q is the amount of heat transferred to the system and W is the amount
of work transferred from the system during the process, then the net energy (Q – W) is
stored in the system. This energy is neither heat nor work but it is called as internal
energy(ΔE).
Q – W = ΔE
Therefore,
Q = ΔE + W

Prob. 3 For a compressible fluid, if there is no change in specific volume at constant

temperature, what type of process it is?
a) Isothermal process
b) Adiabatic Process
c) Polytropic process
d) None of the mentioned

Explanation: As, specific volume remains constant, density remains constant. Therefore for
given temperature there is no change in volume. hence, the process is isothermal.

Prob.4 Calculate the pressure exerted by 9 kg of air at a temperature of 20℃ if the volume
is 0.8m3. Assuming ideal gas laws are applicable.

Ideal gas Law: PV=nRT

n=M/m
P=(9*8314*293)/28.97=946 kN/m2.

Prob. 4 A polytropic process(n = − 1) starts with P = 0, V = 0 and ends with P= 600 kPa, V =
0.01 m3. Find the boundary work done.

W = ⌠ PdV
= (1/2)(P1 + P2)(V2 – V1)
= (1/2)(P2 + 0)( V2 – 0)
= (1/2)(600*0.1)
= 3 kJ.
Prob.5 The piston/cylinder contains carbon dioxide at 300 kPa, with volume of 0.2 m 3 and at
100°C. Mass is added at such that the gas compresses with PV^(1.2) = constant to a final
temperature of 200°C. Determine the work done during the process.

Work done = (P2V2 – P1V1)/(1-n) and mR = (P1V1)/T1 = 0.1608 kJ/K

Work done = 0.1608(473.2 – 373.2)/(1 – 1.2) = -80.4 kJ.