Mobile Revolution ACADEMIC PATHWAYS, Lesson A: Taking notes on an expository text Lesson B: Reading linked texts in a blog Lesson C: Using a chart to plan a paragraph Writing a problem-solution paraaraph Think and Discuss NTEExploring the Theme Parent in New Jersey, USA Cee ea oa een sons een Mae Rise of the Cell Phone Between 2000 and 2007, technology connected many more people than ever before, ‘The number of people paying for a cell phone service more than quacrupied.® in the ‘same period, the number of people with personal computers nearly doubled. The umioer of phone lines increased in that period, 100. However, the Growth of traditional phones was much slover than the rise of cell phones and personal computers, PERCENTAGE OF WORLD'S HOUSEHOLDS WITH: ‘Telephone Coliular Personal Internet tines. subscriptions computers. subscriptions a“ e@ 6 & -@ e @o ual * A subscription is an amount you pay ragularly to receive a service. * if somethina quadruples. it becomes four times biager Cattle rancher in Brazil a all 184 | UNIT 10Giver! a clivive, people will Uernand the freedom to communicate wherever they are," said Martin Cooper on April 8, 2003. Thirty years earlier, Cooper, the inventor of the modern call phone, made the first Celular phone call from a street in New York City. By 2010, there were over 4.6 bilion cell phone users worldwide, Financial dealer in Tokyo, Japan Tourist in Kiel, Germany ‘Cel subscriptions ‘par 100 people, 2007 ore thn 100 20-100, tae than 40 Novata valle Climbers at Nanga Parbet Base a Camp, Pakistan Businessmen in Doha, Qatar {Visitor to Pretoria Aquarium, South Attica MOBILE REVOLUTION | 185(eS A | Building Vocabulary. Find the words in blue in the reading passage on pages 187-188. Read the words around them and try to quess thelr meanings. Then match the sentence parts below to make defiritions. 4.___A challenge is 2. the various services for the prevention ‘ 5 ifsonsthing i em: cor treatment of illnesses and injuries _ b. ite true or aceually exits G,-——— Fn sho dept, pou tan hecporett wills what-pou nce 4, 2 Health eare is ittodo. 5, ____ If you install something, d. you check its progress. 6 We stow someth €. itis happening at the present time. : Wien You monizos somerning 4, it isim the countryside and not in the city 7. If something is a reality, . you connect or set up something, such as a ®__Ifsomething is rural, computer program, soit is ready to use. arefully und i a detailed way 9, __ Ifyou do something eee a demanglle, \.a new and difficult thing that requires ‘great effore and deterinination, 10 Whenyonpdatesomerhing, sou all new information wit aB Using Vocabulary. Answer the questions. Share your ideas with a partner, 4. What are die unain challenges that students in your country face when they study English? 2. What services in your community are dependable (e.g,, electricity, Internet connections)? 8. What idea or dream do you want to make a reality? 44 G | Brainstorming. Scan the reading passage on pages 187-188 and list the country and region names that you find. Then discuss this question in small groups: What are some - ‘possible communication problems that people have in these countries, especially if they Ive in rural areas? Predicting. Read the te and the subheads of the reading passage, and look at the photos and captions. What is the reading passage mainly about? T think the reading passage is about a(n} who that Partners Use challenge wih a) biggest chalga, new challange; x) accept challenge, face a cralerde, present a chalenge. 186 ) UNITID“Celt none QO Kew Banks does not run health care programs in Africa, He also does not provide information to farmers in El Salvador. However, his computer software! is helping people do those things—and more. Simple Solutions for Big Bade Problems Banks was working in South Africa in 2003 and 2004. He saw that there were many organizations in Africa that were trying to help people. They were doing good work, but it was, difficult for them to communicate over great distances. They didn’t have much money, and many didn’t have Internet access. But they did have cell phones. Banks had an idea, He created some computer software called FrontlineSMS. “I wrote the software in five weeks at a kitchen table,” Banks says. The software { allows users to send information 7 . from computers without using the Internet, It can work with any kind of computer. Users install the software ‘ona computer. Then they connect cell phone to the computer. To send information, users select the people they want to send it to and. hit “send.” The cell phone sends the information as a text message from the computer: * Software isa computer program. MOBILE REVOLUTION | 187Solving Problems around the World TrontlineSMS software is free, Tecan work with an inexpensive laptop. It works with old cell phones, too. In fact, it can work almost anywhere in the world, even in places where electricity is not very dependable. ‘Today, people are using FrontlineSMS to send important information in more than 50 nations For example, Nigerians used it to monitor their 2007 election?, Voters sent 10,000 texts to describe what was happening when they went to vote. In Malawi, a rural health care program uses FrontlineSMS to contact patients. As a result, workers no longer have to visit patients’ homes to update medical records. The program saves Uhousands of hours of doctor time and thousands of dollars in fuel costs. In other parts of the world, such a5 Indonesia, Cambodia, Niger, and EI Salvador, farmers now receive the most current prices for their crops? by cell phone, Asa result, the Futuicts Ga caus aiure mony. Making Ideas Reality FrontlineSMS is an example of taking an idea and turning it into a successful reality. So, what should you do if you have an idea for making the world a better place? Ranks advises fret researching yonr idea thoroughly. Try to find out if your idea offers something that people really need. The Lest way 1 do this kind of research is to go into 4 ‘Which is the first draft? Which is the revision? ! a ‘There isa serious problem with overcrowded classes at Bay City Community College, but Internet technology provides an easy, inexpensive solution, There are too many students Oneway to who want to take English clacces at Bay City Community College. As 0 reouit,clasace ore over 4 Escola crowed and many stants cannot gat into the classes that they want to take, Aheugh some Isto describe people argue we should add mare classes, that’s not the answer, as the college can‘ attord to —— hire more wchers. Therefore, the best solution is wo use existing classroom technology and eared webcast the classes to students who cannot get into the class. Webcasting is inexpensive 7" your soltion because the school already has the equipment. English students who watch the webcast ‘ ere instead of coming to class da not have all the benefits of being in class, but they cauld pay Information. € lower fee. Therefore, more students will be able to take English, and the college will get Z Ture muney, bis Gear thet meboastiny is att easy ati ineexpetisive suluLiut Wy Ue prubletn uf overerowdling at Bay City Community Collage. oO Thana is a serious prohlem with evernnnwid classes at Ray City Community College ‘There are too many students who went to take English classes at Bay City Community Callege, Classes are overcrowded, and it's impossible Ww undersiand Une leecher: In auuilion, there ‘aren't enough classes, so many students have to weit severel semesters before they can get into the English classes. Students need to take these classes before they can sign up for other programs at: the enilege, sn their eduratinn is dtayed. In addition, henauisa of tha overcrnwuting problem, many students drop out or have to take Enalsh at other schools, The main cause of = the problem is the budget crisis. There isn't enough money ta hire more teachers or add murs > clactac, In fact, moct olacoos at Bay City Community Collage are avorerowdod. For example, the + campittar srienne rlasses are very crowded. One solution is to provide more online classes. 4% D | Critical Thinking: Analyzing. Work with a partner. Compare the paragraphs ‘above by answering the following questions about each one, oe o ° 4. Does the paragraph have one main idea? YON YN 2. Docs the topic sentence introduce both the YON YON problem and the zolution? ‘Are there derails, examples, and reasons to explain the problem? Y YN 4, Is there a clear explanation of how the solution works? Y oN YN 5, Is there an equal amount of discussion of both the problem ¥ YN and the solution? 6, Is there a concluding sentence? N YN E | Revising, Anowor the questions above about your own paragraph. | 200 | UNIT 10&&% F | Peer Evaluation. Exchange your first draft with a partner and follow these steps: Step 1 Read your partner's paragraph and tell him or her one thing that you liked about it. Step 2 Complete the T-chart to show the problem and the solution that your partner's paragraph describes. Problem: Solution: Details, examples, o reasons: How the solution works: ir Step3 Compare your chert with the chart that your partner did in exercise A on page 199. Step 4 The two charts should be similar. If they aren't, discuss how the information is different. G | Draft 2. Write a second draft of your paragraph. Use what you learned from the peer evaluation activity, and your answers to exercise E. Make any other necessary changes, H | Editing Practice. Read the information in the box. Then find and correct one mistake in using modals 7 in each of the sentences (1-5). In sentences with modais for possibilty or abilty, remember to: ‘* use the base form of the verb after a modal . * use the most appropriate modal for the degree of certainty @.g., use will and can for a Higher dogree of certainty, could, might, and may f you are less certain). ‘With ErontlineSMS, you can to send a message to many people at one time. Cell phone technology will makes it easy for people to talk on the phone wherever they are, Onli ‘lasses could to save the school a lot of money. ‘New technology may improving the lives of people who live in remote regions. Tam certain that cell phone-based learning might help students in other developing countries. grep +s MOBILE REVOLUTION | 201202 | UNIT 10 19 Checkli - Use the checlalst to find errors in your second drat. > Editing Checklist Yes No ' 1. Are all the words spelled correctly? 2. Is the first ward of avery sentence capitalized? ; 3. ‘Does every sentence end with the correct punctuation? ‘4, Do your subjects and verbs agree? 5. Did you use modals correctly’? 4 | 6. Are vert tenses corect? J | Final Draft. Now uso your Editing Chocklist to writo a third draft of your paragraph, Make any other nenessary changes. UNIT QUIZ 1. Between 2000 and 2007, the percentage of households with doubled. | 2. Ifeomething ic a(n) it actually oxiete or ie truo. , 8. Call phone technology is helping farmers in El Salvador get the most for their crops. 4, People in Nigeria are using cell phones to elections. 5. Taking notes helps you to get information for writing assignments and rf to 6. When you ‘someone's lite, you change it tor the better. 7. Aydogan Ozcan invented a call phone that works as a(n) 8. Will and might are 3 that are used to show