Date: ……………. Page No. …..

Experiment No. 7
Name of Experiment: To identify the functional group present in given organic compound No. 3.
Physical Characteristics:
State: Liquid
Colour: Colourless
Solubility: Soluble in water

Experiment Observation Inference

1. Test for unsaturation: Permanganate colour of solution No unsaturation was

A little amount of given organic was not discharged. present.
compound was dissolved in water in a test
tube and 1-2 drops of alkaline 𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4
(Baeyer’s Reagent) were added to it.

2. Litmus test: No action on litmus (neutral to Alcoholic or

A little amount of given organic litmus) carbonyl (aldehyde
compound was placed on moist litmus and ketone) may be
paper. present.

3. Ester test: A fruity smell was observed. Alcoholic group was

1 mL of glacial acetic acid and 1-2 present.
drops of conc. sulphuric acid were added
to 1 ml of given organic compound in a
test tube.
The test tube containing the reaction
mixture was heated on a water bath for
about five minutes. The reaction mixture
was poured in a beaker containing water.

4. Ceric ammonium nitrate test: Pink colouration was approved. Alcoholic group was
1 mL of the given organic compound present.
was taken in a clean test tube and a few
drops of ceric ammonium nitrate was
added to it. The reaction mixture was
shaken well.

5. 2,4-DNP test: 1 mL of given organic No orange-yellow crystal was Carbonyl (aldehyde

compound was shaken with 2-3 ml of 2,4- obtained and ketone) was
dinitrphenyl hydrazine in a test tube and absent.
allowed to stand for five minutes.

Reactions involved:
𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4
𝑅𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻 + 𝑅 ′ − 𝑂𝐻 → 𝑅𝐶𝑂𝑂𝑅′ + 𝐻2 𝑂

Carboxylic acid Alcohol Ester

2𝑅 − 𝑂𝐻 + (𝑁𝐻4 )2 𝐶𝑒(𝑁𝑂3 )6 → (𝑅 − 𝑂𝐻) 2 𝐶𝑒(𝑁𝑂3 )4 + 2𝑁𝐻4 𝑁𝑂3

Alcohol Ceric ammonium nitrate Pink or Red