ASSIGNMENT:- INCEASING AND DECREASING FUNCTIONS (MONOTONIC FUNCTIONS)

EXAMPLE 17 Find the intervals on which the function f ( x) = 5 + 36x + 3x 2 - 2x 3 is (a) increasing (b) decreasing.

ANSWER: Hence, f ( x) is increasing on [-2, 3] and decreasing on

] - ¥ , - 2] È [ 3 , ¥[ .

EXAMPLE 18 Find the intervals on which the function f ( x) = (x + 1) 3(x - 3) 3 is (a) increasing (b) decreasing. [CBSE 2001C]

ANSWER: Hence, f ( x) is increasing on [1, ¥[ and decreasing on ] - ¥ , 1].

4 x2 + 1
EXAMPLE 19 Find the intervals on which the function f ( x) = , (x ¹ 0) is (a) increasing (b) decreasing. [CBSE 2004]
x
ANSWER: ù 1ù é1 é é 1 1ù
Hence, f ( x) is increasing on ú - ¥ , - ú È ê , ¥ ê and decreasing on ê - , ×
û 2û ë2 ë ë 2 2 úû

x
EXAMPLE 20 Find the intervals on which the function f ( x) = is (a) increasing (b) decreasing. [CBSE 2003]
( x 2 + 1)
ANSWER: Hence, f ( x) is increasing on [ - 1, 1] and decreasing on
] - ¥ , - 1] È [1, ¥ [.

EXAMPLE 21 Find the intervals on which the function f ( x) = (x + 2) e-x is (a) increasing (b) decreasing. [CBSE 2000C]

ANSWER: Hence, f ( x) is increasing on ] -¥ , -1] and decreasing on [ -1, ¥ [.

EXAMPLE 23 Find the intervals on which the function f ( x) = (sin x - cos x),
0 < x < 2p, is (a) increasing (b) decreasing. [CBSE 2000C, ‘09, ‘11]

ANSWER: ù 3p ù é 7p é é 3p 7p ù
\ f ( x) is increasing on ú 0, È ê , 2p ê × \ f ( x) is decreasing on ê , ×
û 4 ú
û ë 4 ë ë 4 4 úû

é pù
EXAMPLE 24 Separate the interval ê 0, ú into subintervals in which
ë 2û
f ( x) = (sin 4 x + cos4 x) is (a) increasing (b) decreasing. [CBSE 2000C]

é p pù é pù
ANSWER: Hence, f ( x) is increasing on ê , ú and decreasing on ê 0, ú ×
ë 4 2 û ë 4û

é pù
EXAMPLE 25 Separate ê 0, ú into subintervals in which f ( x) = sin 3x is (a) increasing (b) decreasing.
ë 2û

é pù é p pù
ANSWER: Hence, f ( x) is increasing on ê 0, ú and decreasing on ê , ú ×
ë 6 û ë 6 2û

EXAMPLE 27 Find the values of x for which the function f ( x) = x x , x > 0 is (a) increasing (b) decreasing.

ANSWER: é1 ù é 1ù
Hence, f ( x) is increasing on ê , ¥ ú and decreasing on ê 0, ú ×
ëe û ë eû