United International University

Submitted to

Ms. Helena Bulbul

Lab Report : 3
Experiment Name : Power Flow solution using Gauss-Seidel Method

Course Code : EEE 3206

Course Name : Power System Lab

Name : Md. Rafsan Alam

ID No. : 021191051
Section : A

Date of Submission: 13.05.2022

Introduction: In solving power flow problem, the system is assumed to be operating under balanced conditions and a
single-phase model is used. Four quantities are associated with each bus. These are voltage magnitude V, phase angle ,
real power P, and reactive power Q. The system buses are classified into three types,

• Slack bus: One bus with generator, known as slack or swing bus, is taken as reference where the magnitude and
phase angle of the voltage are specified.
• Load Bus: At these buses the active and reactive powers (P,Q) are specified. The magnitude and phase angle of
these bus voltages are unknown. A load is rated by its MVA and pf which yield the real and reactive powers of the
load (Hence P,Q known for load bus). But the bus voltage at which the load is connected depends on the power
flow due to that load (P,Q), line impedances of the power flow (Yij), and voltage of the generator bus (Vi) and other
interdependent load parameters. So voltage angle and magnitude of a load bus is unknown which is obtained as
solution from Gauss-Sedal iterative method considering total impact of the power system network parameters
and load, generator characteristics.
•
• Voltage-controlled bus: The generator buses excluding one slack bus are called voltage controlled bus. A generator
is rated by its kW power generation and supply voltage rating and hence only real power and voltage magnitude
of voltage controlled buses are known. Angle of voltage depends on load flow and line parameters and reactive
power supplied by generator bus depends on the load as well. So voltage angle and reactive power of voltage-
controlled bus are to be obtain from power flow solution over the entire power system concerned.

For power flow solution two most important expressions are for voltage and reactive power,

Vi = (1/Yii) [ (Pi- jQi) / Vi* - Yij Vj ]……. (i)

j=1
( j≠i)
N

Qi = - imag {Vi* ( Yij Vj )}……(ii)

j=1
For busdata we have used the following inputs for example:
Matlab Codes:
Outputs:
Procedure: First of all we open matlab and write down the matlab code of the Gauss-Seidal method. Then run
the file and put the input data which is provided. We give no of bus to 4, base MVA to 100, no of impedance
line 4. Then put the other input data from the example is given. We put 100 iterations. Then it provide the
output as given ofter 100th iterations.

Conclusion: Gauss-Seidel Method is used to solve the linear system Equations. It is a method of iteration for
solving n linear equation with the unknown variables. This method is very simple and uses in digital computers
for computing. We can solve many complex calculation of power system using this Gauss-Seidel method. It is
very useful method to solve the unknown component of buses.

THE END
THANK YOU SO MUCH