Jack+Mansi Glue

Joana Rochelle Lyn D. Aragon

Edward Joseph Caamic
Emma Mae W. Sedillo
Researchers

Jonathan G. Basmayor
Adviser

Linao National High School

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to take this opportunity to extend our feelings of gratitude towards the

following individuals who have significantly contributed to this study:

To Our Almighty God, who gives us strength and courage to overcome numerous

problems during the conducting of our research.

To Mr. Jonathan G. Basmayor, for his valuable and constructive suggestions during the

planning and development of this Science Investigatory Project. His willingness to give his time

so generously has been very much appreciated. We also want to thank him for imparting his

knowledge for the improvement of our research.

To the Jackfruit and Camansi owner, for giving us the resources we need which were

fruits and barks. We, the researchers appreciate their contribution in the experiment.

To our parents and friends, for giving us moral support during the experiment.

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 ABSTRACT

This study aimed to produce an alternative glue using organic materials. Researchers used

Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) and Camansi (Artocarpus camansi) saps as an alternative

component in making the organic glue. To determine the effectiveness and quality of the

Jack+Mansi glue, the researchers run some tests as to how long will it hold onto materials which

were paper, wood, and plastic with specific weights by means of sticking them with the organic

glue. On the first trial, materials weighing 5g, 8g, and 11g were attached by the Jack+Mansi glue

and it showed uniform results. It lasted one hour for all of those materials with specific weights to

stick together. On the second trial, 14g, 17g, and 20g of materials were attached by the Jack+Mansi

glue and it resulted slightly different from the first trial. The organic glue held the paper and wood

longer than the plastics and this was observed according to its time interval. When the third trial

was conducted with materials weighing 23g, 26g, and 29g, there was a significant change in the

results in compare form the two previous trials. It showed that the Jack+Mansi glue works best on

paper but less effective on wood and plastic. The results showed that Jack+Mansi glue can be a

potential substitute for commercially produced glues.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ii

ABSTRACT iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS iv

CHAPTER

I Introduction 1

Background of the Study 1

Statement of the Problem 1

Significance of the Study 2

Scope and Delimitation 2

II Review of Related Literature 3-4

Conceptual Framework 5

Hypothesis 5

Definition of Terms 6

III Methodology 7-8

IV Analysis and Interpretation 9

Analysis of Data 9 - 10

iv
 Results 10 - 11

V Summary and Recommendations for Further Study and Practice 12 - 13

Summary 12

Conclusion 12

Recommendation 13

BIOGRAPHICAL DATA 14

BIBLIOGRAPHY 15
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) and Camansi (Artocarpus camansi) are species that

belong to Artocarpus genus of the family Moraceae. The latter two are treated in individual

chapters in this book although previously the breadnut was viewed as seeded form of the

breadfruit within a broader species concept of big Altilis. Jackfruits outer shell is similar to the

breadfruit except that it is huge. They are both sticky and can stain clothes, in other words, they

are adhesive.

Students need glue in making school projects; and as we all know commercial glue can

be expensive. Aside from its not student-friendly price, commercial glues are also toxic and one

of the contributors of carbon footprints that can possibly cause harm to the environment. This

study shows the alternativity of natural resources as substitute for commercial glues. The

researchers conducted this study to determine the effectiveness of Jackfruit and Camansi sap as

an alternative glue.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to answer the following questions:

1. Is there a possibility that glues can be made out of sap?

2. Can glues that are made out from Jackfruit and Camansi saps have the same effectiveness

like those of commercial glues?

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Significance of the Study

This study aims to find an organic substitute for artificial glues. This is proposed because

there are some situations where students lack budget for buying glues especially if they have to

buy a lot in making school projects. It is also a student and budget friendly product which

everyone could afford and even helps the environment because it is organic.

Scope and Delimitation

The study is focused on the efficiency of jackfruit and camansi as adhesive by producing

an alternative glue out of jackfruit and camansi sap. The study is limited on the effectiveness and

the affordability of the product compared to the commercialize synthetic glues. The study was

conducted within the premises of Linao National High School, Barangay Linao, Ormoc City.
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CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

To give a clearer and defined concept of this topic, here is a review of related literature

with regards to our research study.

The Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam) is popular fruit crop that is widely grown

in Thailand and other tropical areas. The ripe fruit contains well flavored yellow sweet bulbs and

seeds (embedded in the bulb). It produces the world’s largest fruit often ranging from 10 to 20

kg, with the biggest specimens weighing almost 50kg. It belongs to the Moraceae family and has

a firmer flesh and larger fruit than cempedak. It exudes an abundant white latex. The latex

extracted from the plant is extremely sticky and therefore also used as an adhesive. Once the

Jackfruit sap dries, it’ll have the capability to stick like those of other adhesive substances. The

sap cannot stand alone as an applicable adhesive, that's why adding a ratio of flour and hot water

as an extender can be more of help. (Tulyathan et al., 2001).

In relevance to the sticky components mentioned above, Jackfruit also provides about 2

MJ of energy per kg-wet weight of ripe perianth (Ahmed et al., 1986). Jackfruit has been

reported to contain high levels of protein, starch, calcium and thiamine (Burkill, 1997).

On the other hand, Artocarpus camansi commonly known as breadnut in English and

kamansi in Philippines was introduced into the Caribbean region in 1782. There are many

obligations to its commercial utilization of the breadnut fruit due to morphological characteristics

of the tree. Being tall tree make harvesting difficult, poorly harvested fruits have shortened shelf-

life and poor yield due to diseases under tropical ambient condition (J. Food technology, 2005).
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The Nutritional composition of breadnut (Artocarpus camansi) seeds. The matured

breadnut seeds were obtained to opened and the seeds were removed for analysis. The proximate

composition of the breadnut seeds as: protein (4.87%), fat (3.48%) and carbohydrate (26.11%).

Ash and crude fiber were 3.43 and 1.20% respectively. The Phosphorus 363 mg/kg. was the

highest mineral content, and it was followed by potassium 325 mg/kg and sodium 248 mg/kg

while the iron 0.05 mg/kg and copper 0.12 mg/kg are the lowest. The essential amino acids

determined in the seeds were leucine 392 mg/kg, phenylalamine 312 mg/kg, arginine 293 mg/kg,

isoleucine 245 mg/kg and lysine 275 mg/kg. The oil was rich in palmitic 21.4%, oleic 12.4 %

and linolenic acid 14.8%. The predominant organic acid was the Lactic and citric acids while

present in trace amount was the malic, acetic and butyric acids as composite flour and the oil that

could be a good source of edible oil for human consumption, the breadnut could be used. (©

2002-2017 Academic journal).

Compared with other staple starch crops, camansi is a better source of protein,

comparable to sweet potato and banana, and a good source of iron, calcium, potassium,

riboflavine and niacin. It is proved to be both nutritive and good tasting. One of the examples is

study that produced fried Canton using an additive of Camansi flour from mature seeds with

commercially used flour (Dr. Quisumbing, 2014).

This study wants to validate the statement of A Team, 2013 that jackfruit and camansi sap

as an all-natural and toxic-free alternative glue. The researchers compared their product with

commercial glue to determine significant differences. Materials tested were papers and wood.
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Conceptual Framework

INDEPENDENT
INDEPENDENT DEPENDENT
VARIABLE
VARIABLE VARIABLE OUTPUT
OUTPUT

Produced affordable
Jackfruit + Glue organic glue
Camansi Saps

Conceptual Framework

Figure 1.

Hypothesis

1. There is a significant difference between commercial glue and artificial glue.

2. There is no significant difference between commercial glue and artificial glue.

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Definition of Terms

Adhesive – It is designed to stick something. A substance (such as glue or cement) that is used to

make things stick together.

Bark – The tough exterior covering of a woody root or stem; specifically: the tissues outside the

cambium that include an inner layer especially of secondary phloem and outer layer of periderm.

Breadfruit – A tall tropical evergreen tree (Artocarpus altilis) of the mulberry family.

Fruit – Usually edible reproductive body of a seed plant.

Glue – Any of various strong adhesive substances; something that binds together.

Jackfruit – A tropical Asian moraceous tree (Artocarpus heterophyllus). It is a large, heavy, fruit

containing edible seeds.

Sap – The fluid part of the plant; specifically: a watery solution that circulates through a plant’s

vascular system.
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CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

We need to prepare the following:

Camansi & Jackfruit Water

Knife Piece of Wood
Casserole Plastic
Weighing Scale Bottle with lids
Cornstarch Paper
Sticks Spoon

Step 1. First, we need to get the fruits and some barks of the camansi and jackfruit from their

tree.

Step 2. Cut the barks and scrape them. Slice the fruit also in order for you to get the

needed sap.
Step 3. Next, put 30 ml of water in a casserole and wait until it boils.

Step 4. Third, when the water boils, put the sap and add cornstarch to make it stickier.

Mix them well.

Step 5. Lastly, when the concentration is sticky enough, transfer to a clean bottle with lid.

CHAPTER IV

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

Trial 1

Kinds of Material 5g 8g 11g

Paper 1 hr. 1 hr. 1 hr.

Plastic 1 hr. 1 hr. 1 hr.

Wood 1 hr. 1 hr. 1 hr.

Figure 1.

Trial 2

Kinds of Material 14g 17g 20g

Paper 1 hr. 1 hr. 1 hr.

Plastic 40 mins. 46 mins. 40 mins.

Wood 1 hr. 1 hr. 1 hr.

Figure 2.

Trial 3
 Kinds of Material 23g 26g 29g

Paper 1 hr. 1 hr. 1 hr.

Plastic 38 mins. 35 mins. 30 mins.

Wood 1 hr. 58 mins. 55 mins.

Figure 3.

Result

After gathering the data from the tests, the researchers identified the best material that

works with the Jack+Mansi glue.

In Figure 1, during the first trial, all the materials that were being stick together by the

Jack+Mansi glue lasted for one (1) hour. There is no significant difference between the three

materials after being attached with the organic glue.

In Figure 2, there is a slight difference in compare with the Figure 1. As we can see, both

the paper and the wood, regardless of its weight, still lasted for an hour after being stick together

with the organic glue; but the 14g of plastic only lasted for 40 mins.; 17g of plastic lasted for 46

mins.; and 20g of plastic lasted for 40 mins. It shows that the heavier the plastic becomes, the

weaker the Jack+Mansi glue holds the material together

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 In Figure 3, the result showed a drastic change. Based on the data gathered, the material

that only lasted for a longer time was paper. Among the three materials, the Jack+Mansi glue

works best with paper.

The result showed that Jack+Mansi glue shows potential as an effective alternative for

commercial glue. It can be used in papers, plastic, and wood; but works best on paper.

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 CHAPTER V

SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER STUDY AND PRACTICE

Summary

The researchers aimed to find a substitute for commercialized synthetic glues out of

Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) and camansi (Artocarpus camansi) saps. The product was

made by obtaining the required saps of both Jackfruit and camansi then followed the processes

which are boiling and mixing. On the first trial, there was no difference on the results. On the

second trial, there is a slight difference compared to the first trial, both wood and paper have the

same result, but the plastic wasn’t able to hold for a long period. On the third trial, among the

three materials, only the paper lasted for a longer time. This showed that the glue works best on

paper.

Conclusion

After all the data the researchers have gathered and interpreted, the findings led the

researchers to a conclusion. First, Jack+mansi has a great potential to be used as effective

alternative glue since both saps has the same property of stickiness. Second, Jack+mansi glue can

be used in paper, plastic, and wood, but works best on paper. And lastly, since this alternative

Jack+Mansi glue comes from raw materials, it is safer and budget friendly for the students

compared to commercialized synthetic glues.

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Recommendations

1. Since the materials used are raw fruits, spoilage is inevitable that is why it is

recommended to find ways on how to prevent the product from spoiling. Also, it is advisable to

modify the processes in making the product that includes having the correct ratios and

proportions of the ingredients used in order to make an effective glue.

2. Sniffing glue can be life-threatening. Even if the result isn’t fatal, the risks associated

with glue and other inhalants includes possible brain damage and severe breathing problems.

Also, solvents are harmful to the quality of our air. That is why the researchers encourage the

people to use this product as an effective alternative glue. Aside from the fact that it is budget

friendly, it is also safe for the environment and for the human being. Encouragements for further

analysis and experiments of this study will be better for the importance of the product.
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BIOGRAPHICAL DATA

The researchers are currently Grade 11 Senior High School Students at Linao National

High School.

Joana Rochelle Lyn D. Aragon was born on June 24, 2002 in Palompon, Leyte. She is

currently taking the strand of Accountancy, Business, and Management.

Edward Joseph Caamic was born on October 10, 2002 in Pasig City, Metro Manila. He is

currently taking the strand of Humanities and Social Sciences.

Emma Mae Wenceslao Sedillo was born on March 12, 2003 in Ormoc City. She is

currently taking the strand of Accountancy, Business, and Management.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Ocloo, F. C. K., Bansa, D., Boatin, R., Adom, T., Agbemavor, W.S. (2010). Physico-chemical,
functional and pasting characteristics of flour produced from Jackfruits (Artocarpus
heterophyllus) seeds. Retrieved from https://www.scihub.org/ABJNA/PDF/2010/5/ABJNA-1-5-
903-908.pdf
Luxe, R. (2013). Multi-Alternative Paste - Made from 100% jack Fruit Sap. Retrieved from
https://prezi.com/7tswelittr8y/multi-alternative-paste-made-from-100-jack-fruit-sap/

Tulyathana, V, Tananuwonga, K., Songjinda, P., Jaiboonb, N. (2001). Some Physicochemical

Properties of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam) Seed Flour and Starch. Retrieved from
http://www.scienceasia.org/2002.28.n1/v28_037_041.pdf

Flugencio, J. K., Gamboa, H. L., Inciong, E. M., Javier, R. (2014). Paste out of Banana (Musa
Acinibita) and Jackfruit (Artocarpus Heterophyllus). Retrieved from
https://www.academia.edu/10389587/Paste_out_of_Banana_Musa_acinibita_and_Jackfruit_Arto
carpos_heterophyllus_
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