LABAROTARY REPORT

BASIC CHEMISTRY

(CHM 138)

Name of students NOR FAZILAH BINTI ISMAIL

Students number 2020616968
Name of programme AT110
Group M3AT110 2I
Title of experiment LAB REPORT EXPERIMENT 1
Date of experiment 15/4/2022
Date of submission 15/4/2022
Name of lecturer NURUL IZZATIAFIFI BINTI ISMAIL
Introduction

For precise quantitative measurements, burettes, pipettes, and volumetric flasks are
employed. When employing a high-quality device. For three reasons, it is not desirable to
undertake calibration of such device. To begin with, the procedure of Calibrating takes a long
time. Second, the apparatus calibrated by an inexperienced beginning may be less accurate
than the apparatus calibrated by the manufacturer due to the risk of introducing errors in the
calibration process. Finally, any errors in the calibration of the device may be accounted for
by the error allowed in a determination. If, on the other hand, the apparatus being operated is
of poor quality. Before performing any experiments with such an apparatus, it is advisable to
check the calibration of the apparatus. It will calibrate a pipette, a burette, and a volumetric
flask as part of this experiment.

Objective

1.To learn the quantitative aspects of common laboratory equipment.

2. To expose student to the factors that affect the accuracy of an experiment.

Apparatus

i. Thermometer
ii. Analytical balance
iii. Retort stand
iv. Pipette filler
v. Pipette 20ml
vi. Burette 5oml
vii. Volumetric flask 25ml
viii. Disposable dropper 3ml
ix. Beaker 50ml

Chemicals

i. Distilled water
Procedure

 Calibration of Volumetric Flask

i. Record the mass of empty volumetric mask
ii. Distilled water was poured into a beaker
iii. The mass of distilled water with volumetric flask was recorded.
iv. The temperature of distilled water was recorded
 Calibration of pipette
i. Clean and dry 50ml Beaker
ii. The mass of empty dry beaker was recorded
iii. Distilled water was fill in the pipette
iv. Drained the distilled water into the beaker and weigh again.
v. The mass of beaker with distilled water was recorded
vi. Record the temperature of distilled water

 Calibration of burette
i. 50ml beaker been cleaned and dried
ii. Mass of empty beaker been recorded
iii. The burette was cleaned and rinsed by using distilled water and the burette was
filled in with distilled water until the zero mark.
iv. 5 mL of the water from the burette was drained into the beaker and weighed as
soon as possible
v. The mass (distilled water + beaker) was recorded
vi. Repeat step 3 by drained water from burette until burette reading became 10ml,
15ml and 20 ml. mass (distilled water + beaker) been recorded after added 5ml of
water every time
vii. The temperature of the distilled water was recorded
Results/Data

a. Calibration of Volumetric Flask

Mass of empty volumetric flask (g) 19.512 g

Mass of volumetric flask + distilled water (g) 45.5060 g
Mass of distilled water (g) 25.9868 g
Temperature of distilled water (°C) 27.0 °C
Density of water (from Table 1) (g/mL) 1.0395 g/mL

b. Calibration of Pipette

(i) (ii)

Mass of empty beaker (g) 36.9932

Mass of beaker + distilled water (g) 56.8756

Mass of distilled water (g) 19.8824

Temperature of distilled water(°C) 27.0 °C

Density of water (from Table 1) (g/mL) 0.9941 g/mL

c. Calibration of Burette

Mass of empty beaker(g)

36. 9670
Temperature of distilled water(°C)
27.0 °C
Density of water (from Table 1) (g/mL)
1.0045
After the addition of distilled water:

Reading of Mass of beaker + Mass of distilled Mass of distilled water for

burette (mL) distilled water (g) water (g) each 5mL burette reading (g)

5 42.3096 5.3426 5.3426

10 46.9888 10.0218 4.6792

15 51.8627 14.8957 4.8739

20 56.8756 19.9086 5.0129

Calculations:

a) Determine the actual volume of the volumetric flask based on calculation.

b) Determine the actual volume of the pipette based on calculation for experiment (i) and
experiment (ii).

c) Determine the actual volume of distilled water (in mL) for each 5 mL burette reading
based on calculation.

A. FIND VOLUME VOLUMETRIC FLASK

V=M/D
V = 25.9868/1.0395
V= 24.9993 ML

B. DETERMINE ACTUAL VALUE OF PIPETTE BASED EXPERIMEN (I) AND (II)

V=M/D

(I) V= 19.8824/ 0.9941

V= 20.0004 ML
 Reading of burette (mL) Volume of water

0-5 5.3426

5-10 4.6792

10-15 4.8739

15-20 5.0129

Discussion

There are several important concepts related to quantitative experimentation that may be
learned from this experiment. A Volumetric Flask, a burette, and a pipette were among the
basic laboratory equipment or apparatus used in this experiment. In obtain accurate results in
this experiment of glassware calibration, accuracy and precision are required. Precision refers
to how near two or more measurements are to each other, while accuracy refers to how close
the measured value is to a standard or real value.

When all the results are compared to the theory, it may be concluded that the experiment was
not exact and precise because the results were inconsistent. This is related to some possible
errors made throughout the experiment. For examples, an inaccuracy could occur when
measuring or weighing the mass using an analytical balance. Second, the apparatus is not
 properly dry and cleaned. Third, parallax error occurs when the instrument is being
measured.

To reduce experiment errors, the experiment must be carried out carefully, accurately, and
correctly. Besides from that, when collecting reading measurements, the observer's eye must
be perpendicular to the scale to ensure that the data obtained is exact and accurate. Make sure
there are no air bubbles in the burette's tip before calibrating it, as air bubbles may cause
volume readings to be inaccurate. (Fleming 2020)

Conclusion

At the conclusion of the experiment, the laboratory equipment for measuring mass, volume,
temperature, and density was known. The precision and accuracy of the data, as well as the
correct method of release, are important when using this calculation. To produce the correct
results of an experiment, an indoor laboratory experiment, careful and focused observation,
and proper and accurate laboratory methods and operations are needed. (Seely 2021)

References
Fleming, Esther. 2020. What are the steps for the calibration of burette? 3 April.
https://www.sidmartinbio.org/what-are-the-steps-for-the-calibration-of-burette/.

Seely, Oliver. 2021. Calibration of a Buret. 16 August.

https://chem.libretexts.org/Ancillary_Materials/Demos_Techniques_and_Experiments/
General_Lab_Techniques/Calibration_of_a_Buret.