MATHEMATICS 10

School Year 2021-2022

Quarter 3
Session 1 Part 1
 The Distance Formula
and the Midpoint Formula
 OBJECTIVES
At the end of the session, you are
expected to:
1. state and illustrate the distance
formula and the midpoint formula;
2. find the distance between two points
using the distance formula and the
midpoint of a segment using the
midpoint formula;
3. solve problems involving distance
between two points and midpoint of a
segment.
Let R be the house of Romeo
and J be the house of Juliet.
How far is Romeo's house from Juliet's?
RP  4  1  3 JP  5  1  4

RJ  2
RP  JP 2
 RJ  3 4 5
2 2
In general, how do we find
the distance between two points?
 AC  x 2  x1 , BC  y2  y1 ,

AB  AC 2  BC 2

 x 2  x1    y2  y1 
2 2 2 2
AB  x 2  x1  y2  y1 
T

s
i

The Distance Formula

The distance d between two points 

A  x1, y1  and B  x2, y2  is given by

 x2  x1    y2  y1  .
2 2
AB  d 
Example 1:
Find the distance between two points
with coordinates  2, 3  and  4, 5  .
Solution:

 x 2  x1    y2  y1 
2 2
d

 4  2   5  3 
2 2
d

2   8  
2 2
d 68  2 17
Example 2:
The distance between A  2, 3  and B  3, y  is
13 units. Find y .
Solution:
 3  2  y  3
2 2
13 

25   y  3 
2
13 

25   y  3   169
2

y  3
2
 144
y  15 or y  9
What is the midpoint of segment RJ ?
  x1  x 2 y1  y2 
 2 , 
 2 
 y1  y2 
x
 2 , 
 2 

 x1  x 2 
 2 , y1
 

 x1  x 2 y1  y 2 
Midpoint: M , 
 2 2 
 The Midpoint Formula
If M is the midpoint of a line segment joining
A  x1, y1  and B  x 2 , y2  , then M is the point
 x1  x 2 y1  y2 
 2 ,  .
 2 

Example 1:
Find the midpoint of the segment joining
1,1 and  4,5  .
 x1  x 2 y1  y2   1  4 1  5 
Solution:  ,   ,    2.5, 3 
 2 2   2 2 
Example 2:
If A  1, 2 is an endpoint and M  3,2 is
the midpoint of AB, find the coordinates of B.
Solution :
x1  x 2 1  x 2
Since x  , then 3   x2  7
2 2
y1  y2 2  y 2
Since y  , then 2   y2  6
2 2

 Coordinates of B :  7, 6 
 Try this!
I. Find the distance between the given
points then find the midpoint of the
segment joining them.

1. (-3, -6), (9, 10) d  20 M  3,2

2. (5, 8), (0, -2) d 5 5 M  2.5, 3 

II. Solve each problem.

1. The length of the segment joining the

points (1, 2) and (x, 5) is 5 units. Find x.

 x 2  x1    y2  y1 
2 2
Solution: d

 x  1   5  2
2 2
5
25   x  1  9
2

 x  1  16
2

x  1  4  x  5 or x  3
2. If an endpoint of a line segment is at
(2, 3) and the midpoint is at (6, 5), find
the coordinates of the other endpoint.
 x1  x 2 y1  y2 
Solution:  2 , 2 
 
x1  x 2 2  x2
x  6  x 2  10
2 2
y1  y2 3  y2
y  5  y2  7
2 2
coordinates of the other endpoint: 10, 7 
 Practice pa more!
Do Exercises I #1–5
II #1–5
III #1–5
IV #1–2
Quarter 2 LAS Week 7
pp. 5 – 7
Thank you!