GLOBAL POPULATION AND MOBILITY
 Cultural diversity
Global City- key location for finance and
specialized service firms which have
replaced manufacturing as the leading
economic services;
- Sites of production including the
production of innovations in the
leading industries.
- Highly concentrated on the command
points in the organization of the world
economy;
- Markets for the products and
innovations produced.
- Spatial because it occurs in physical
spaces.
- What it makes it move it is because it
is based in places.
Saskia Sassen (Sociologist) popularized
the term ‘global city’ in the 1990s
It is called world city or sometimes alpha
city or world center, is a city which is a
primary node in the global economic
network.
It is in cities that global operations are
centralized.
6 Indicators of Global City (EEEPCC)
1. Economic Power
2. Economic Opportunities
3. Economic Competitiveness
4. Center of Authority
5. Political Influence
6. Center for Higher Learning and
Culture
Val Colic-Peisker identifies being
cosmopolitan and post-industrial as
leading attributes of a global city.
COSMOPOLITAN
 The global city’s natives’
encountering and engaging daily
with a variety of immigrants and
visitors.
 This result to “cosmopolitan” work
culture, global networking and
global transnational community
relations.
 A phenomenon most readily
associated with the global city:
large, diverse cities attracting
people, material and cultural
products from all over the world.
 It usually invokes pleasant images
of travel, exploration and worldly
pursuits
 e.g., Metro Manila
POST-INDUSTRIAL
VC-P pointed out that one of the
conditions of the status of global city is
stop making things and switch to handling
and shifting money and ideas.
Singapore became part of the global city
club with its efficient global transport
infrastructure and growing professional
service sector.
Shanghai considers to have a post-
industrial status achieved through the
conversion of land uses, especially from
industrial to commercial uses.
3 CLASSIFICATIONS OF CITIES
1. Highly Urbanized Cities- have a
minimum population of 200,000 and an
annual income of at least fifty million
Philippine pesos (₱50 M).
2. Component Cities- considered part of
the province where they are located.
-created by an Act of Congress and duly
ratified by the affected voting
population in a plebiscite.
-requisites for its creation are an average
annual income of at least twenty million
Philippine pesos (₱20 M) for the last
two (2) consecutive
years;
-a contiguous territory of at least 100
square kilometers, or a minimum
population of 150,000
3. Independent Component Cities-
cities whose charters prohibit their
voters from voting for provincial
elective officials
SASSEN’S SEVEN HYPOTHESES
1. Describes the dispersal/ distributing of
globalization-related economic activities.
Managing, coordinating, servicing,
financing a firm’s network of operations.
2. States that the increasing complexity of
central functions compel the headquarters
of large global firms to outsource:
Accounting, legal public relations,
programming, telecommunications, and
other services
3. Remarks that those specialized service
firms engaged in the most complex and
globalized markets are subject to
agglomeration economies.
 Benefits enjoyed by businesses
and citizens in a particular place
where firms and people
conglomerate near one another,
usually in cities and industrial
zones.
4. Explains how outsourcing makes
corporations
Free to opt for any location because less
work actually done in the headquarters is
subject to agglomeration economies.
This underlines that highly specialized
networked and services are the sector
distinctive production advantages of global
cities.
5. The specialized service firms need to
provide a global service which has meant
a global network of affiliates or some other
form of partnership.
6. 7. Presents a negative attribute of
global cities being susceptible to
inequalities
ATTRIBUTES OF A GLOBAL CITY
Economically Superior
A variety of international financial services,
notably in finance, insurance, real estate,
banking, accountancy, and marketing
Headquarters of several multinational
corporations
The existence of financial headquarters, a
stock exchange, and major financial
institutions
Major manufacturing centers with port and
container facilities
Information and Technology capable at
the very least.
Corporate Friendly
Globally linked or networked
GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHY
Demography- study of human
populations; the size, composition and
distribution across space and the process
through which populations change.
Most large companies conduct
demographic research to determine how
to market their product or service and best
capture the target audience.
Demographic trends are also important,
since the size of different demographic
groups changes over time as a result of
economic, cultural and political
circumstances.
THEORY OF DEMOGRAPHIC
TRANSITION
Demographic transition hypothesizes
that societies typically transition from
periods of high birth and death rates to
eras of lower birth and death rates, as
they engage in the process of
industrialization from agrarian or pre-
industrial beginnings.
The demographic transition theory is a
generalized description of the changing
pattern of mortality, fertility and growth
rates as societies move from one
demographic regime to another.
The term was first coined by the American
demographer Frank W. Notestein in the
mid-twentieth century.
FOUR STAGES OF THE CLASSICAL
DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION MODEL
(IUSSP)
DREW GROVER’S 5 STAGES OF THE
DEMOGRAPHIC
Stage 1: Characterized by high birth and
death rates.
Stage 2: Period of modern medicine that
helps lower death rates.
Stage 3: Birth rates gradually decrease
Stage 4: Birth rate as well as death rate is
low.
Stage 5: Period of an aging population.
GLOBAL MIGRATION
Global migration - as a cause-and-effect
relationship, though the causes are just as
numerous as their effects
Most global migration is from developing
countries to developed ones

1. Pre-Transition- characterized by high

birth rates, and high fluctuating death
rates; population growth was kept low by
Malthusian “Preventive” and “Positive”
checks.
2. Early Transition- during the early
stages of the transition, the death rate
begins to fall.
As birth rates remain high, the population
starts to grow rapidly
3. Late Transition- birth rates start to
decline. The rate of population growth
decelerates
4. Post-Transition- characterized by low
birth and low death rates. Population
growth is negligible, or even enters a
decline.
2 TYPES OF MIGRATION
Internal Migration – refers to people
moving from one area to another within
one country.
International Migration – people cross
borders of one country to another
1. Immigrants- those who move
permanently to another country.
2. Workers who stay in another country for
a fixed period.
3. Illegal Immigrants (tnt)
4. Migrants whose families have
petitioned them to move to the destination
country.
5. Refugees
4 FACTORS/ CAUSES OF MIGRATION
1. Economic Factors- Lack of
employment opportunities or differentials
in employment opportunities and wages;
the lure of a well-paid job in a developed
country is a powerful driver of international
migration.
- Lack of educational institutions across
developing countries has also
tremendously contributed to the reasons
for migration.
2. Political Factors- global movements of
people
include the pressure to resolve
unemployment and prevent simmering
social discontent from going out of hand.
3. Social Factors- things that affect
someone's lifestyle.
These could include wealth, religion,
buying habits, education level, family size
and structure and population density.
4. Cultural Factors- The idea of culture is
vital to understanding the implications for
translation and, despite the differences of
opinion as to whether language is a part
of culture or not, the two are connected.
Culture ranges from syntax, ideologies,
religion, language and dialect, to art and
literacy.