THEME 1

EDUCATION
Systems of Education

Lana A.Rashid
WORDS AND THEIR MEANINGS

VOCABULARY FOR LEARNING

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ABILITY(N)
Means talent, skill, or proficiency in particular area.
Example: -Superman has the ability to fly.
- A cook has ability to cook.
- My sister has the ability to read a book in two hours.
- Zakaria had the ability to sing three hours on the stage.
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BEHAVIOUR (N)
The way in which one acts or conducts
oneself, especially towards other.
Example:
My student`s behaviuor was very nice .
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BEST (ADJ)
Of the most excellent or desirable type or quality.
Example:- She has the best character.
- Kabab Najar has the kabab in Hawler.
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CERTIFICATE(N)

A document confirming that someone has reached a

certain level of achievement in a course of study or
training.
Example: - After finishing my English language course
I got my certificate.
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COLLEGE(N)
Any of the independent institutions into which
certain universities are separated, each having its
own teaching, students, and buildings .
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COMPULSORY (ADJ)

Required by law or a rule; obligatory.

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CRAM(N)

Study intensively over a short period of time just

before an examination.
Example: - Lectures were called off so students
could cram for semester finals.
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CURRICULUM(N)
The subjects comprising a course of study in a
school or college.
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DEGREE(N)
An academic rank conferred by a college or university
after examination or after completion of a course , or
conferred as an honor on a distinguished person.

“ a degree in computer science”

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DICTIONARY (N)
A book or electronic resource that lists the
words of a language (typically in
alphabetical order) and gives their meaning,
or gives the equivalent words in a different
language, often also providing information
about pronunciation origin and usage.
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DORMITORY(N)

A large bedroom for a number of people in

school or institution.
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Difference between “dormitory” and “ hall of

residence”
Most colleges and universities provide single or multiple
occupancy rooms for their students, usually at a cost. … Many
colleges and universities no longer use the word “dormitory”
and staff are now using the term residence hall (analogous to the
United Kingdom” hall of residence “) or simply “hall” instead.
 DROP(V)( A SUBJECT) 15

To stop talking about something, especially because it

is upsetting or annoying.
Example: I don`t want to talk about it any more – let`s
drop the subject.
It means unenrolling in a course by a certain deadline
date .
Most colleges will give you specific deadlines to both add
and drop classes. When you drop a class before the drop
deadline, it`s as if never happened.
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EXAMINATION(N)

An examination is a formal test that you take to show your

knowledge or ability in a particular subject, or to obtain a
qualification.
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FORM(N)

Another word for class or year.

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KEEP(V) (ORDER)

Maintain order, maintain control or sense ; avert(avoid) chaos.

Example: Teachers spend a lot of time trying to keep order in

classroom.
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KINDERGARTEN (N)

An establishment where children below the age of

compulsory education play and learn.
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LAST(V)

To continue in time.

- The movie lasted for two hours.

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MIXED(ADJ)

Consisting of different qualities or elements.

“ a mixed diet”
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NURSERY (ADJ)

A place where young children and babies are

taken care of while their parents are at work.
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PUNISHMENT(N)
A penalty inflicted as retribution for an offence.

Question:
What is the opposite of punishment?
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PUPIL(N)

A person who is taught by another, especially a

schoolchild or student in relation to a teacher.
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RESIDENTIAL(ADJ)

Designed for people to live in.

(Living on the campus)

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REWARD(N)
A thing given in recognition of
service, effort, or achievement.
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SET(V) (AN EXAM)

- Give an exam.
- -Teachers set an exam at the end of
the semester.
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SIT (V)( AN EXAM)

Take an exam.
-

- Students sit the national exam in July.

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STAY ON(V)

To continue to work at a job.

- She thought about retiring, but she finally decided
to stay on for a few more years.
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TAKE (V)(AN EXAM)

-To take an exam means to participate in exam
or text, answering (or trying to answer) the
question.
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What is the difference between taking

an exam and sitting an exam?

To sit an exam and to take an exam both

means the act of answering the questions
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TERTIARY (ADJ)
TREAT (V)={ BEHAVE
33

TOWARDS}
- She treated us with respect.
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WORST(ADJ)
Opposite of Best
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1.6.B
• 1.A: When do you…… national examinations?
• B: In Britain we …….. Them at 16 and at 18.
• 2.A: Is education ….. In your country?
• B: Yes, up to age of 16.
• 3.A: When did you start school?
• B: When I was three. I went to……….. School.
• 4. A: Who was your best teacher?
• B: Mr. Jarvis. He …….. Us as adults.
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PERSONAL AND GENERAL

SENTENCES.
• If subjective personal pronouns are used in the sentence
like(I,YOU,WE,HE<SHE<IT) then the sentence is personal.

• If personal pronouns are not used, and the sentence talks

about something in general way, then it is general.
1.8.B: 37

# Type Sentence

1 General Children learn a lot of about themselves in Drama.

2 General Drama is a very important subject.

3 Personal I took Drama for GCSE.
4 Personal I got a good pass in the examination.
5 Personal I was the main person in one of the plays.
6 Personal I wasn`t very good but I had a lot of fun.
7 General Most secondary school in Britain have Drama class.
8 General Some children take examinations in Drama at GCSE
9 Personal We did a lot of drama games, and we put on a play every
term.
TALKING ABOUT GENERAL FACTS 38

Facts about the education system in Britain:

• 1- Britain has four kinds of schools.
• 2- They are nursery, primary, secondary , and sixth form.
• 3- Many Britain children start school at four or five.
• 4- Education is compulsory up to the age 16.
• 5- Pupils can leave school at 16.
• 6- Fifty percent of students go to college.
1.8.B: 39

# Type Sentence

1 General Children learn a lot of about themselves in Drama.

2 General Drama is a very important subject.

3 Personal I took Drama for GCSE.
4 Personal I got a good pass in the examination.
5 Personal I was the main person in one of the plays.
6 Personal I wasn`t very good but I had a lot of fun.
7 General Most secondary school in Britain have Drama class.
8 General Some children take examinations in Drama at GCSE
9 Personal We did a lot of drama games, and we put on a play every
term.
 GRAMMAR
• Present Simple & Past Simple
be and other verbs.
 VERB BE: PRESENT SIMPLE 41

Subject Verb Compliment Extra Information

Education is Compulsory In Kurdistan.

Schools Are closed During summer.

College Isn`t Compulsory In any country.

Students Aren`t happy About the online classes.

OTHER VERBS: PRESENT SIMPLE 42

Subject Verb Compliment Extra Information

Many children begin school At age 6.
Primary school lasts Nine years.

Children Don`t take exams At nursery school.

Primary Doesn`t mean Second.

 VERB BE: PAST SIMPLE 43

Subject Verb Compliment Extra Information

I Wasn`t good At primary school

The national exams Weren`t difficult At 9th grade.
OTHER VERBS: PAST SIMPLE 44

Subject Verb Compliment Extra Information

I started school At 5.
I Didn`t leave school At 16.
 QUALITIES OF GOOD AND BAD TEACHERS 45

Good Bad

Helpful and supportive Mean and unfair

Taking the time to explain Unwilling to explain or help

material in depth
Understanding and friendly Judgmental of the students
Cooperative Dull
Engaging Detached
Compassionate Not engaging
Caring Cold
Forgiving Stony
Creative Unforgiving