QUESTION BANK

CHAPTER 5 – COAL AND PETROLEUM

MCQ

1. When coal burns in air ______ is formed.

a) carbon dioxide b) sulphur dioxide c) carbon monoxide d) hydrogen gas

2. Coal is processed in industries to get some useful products. Which of the following is not obtained from coal?

a) coke b) coal gas c) coal tar d) CNG

3. Fossil fuels are obtained from:

a) remains of non-living materials.

b) dead remains of birds only.

c) dead remains of insects only.

d) dead remains of living organisms

4. Choose the correct statement from the following:

a) It is difficult to transport natural gas through pipes.

b) The disadvantage of natural gas is that it cannot be used directly for burning in homes.

c) Natural gas is stored under high pressure as compressed natural gas.

d) Natural gas cannot be used for power generation

PARAGRAPH BASED

About 300 million years ago, earth had dense forests. Due to natural processes like flooding, the forests got buried under
the soil. As more soil deposited over them, they got compressed. Under high pressure and high temperature, dead plants
got slowly converted to coal. The slow process of conversion of dead vegetation into coal is called carbonization. Coal is
made up of dead remains of vegetation and is called a fossil fuel.

Answer the following questions, based on above information:

(i) Slow conversion of wood into coal by biochemical processes extending over millions of years is called:

a) Coal formation of wood. b) Carbonisation of wood

c) Destructive distillation of wood d) Petroleum refinery

(ii) Which of the following is an inexhaustible natural resource?

a) Forests b) Coal c) Sunlight d)Petroleum

(iii) Why coal formation can be called as carbonization?

(iv) Coal is called a fossil fuel. Give reason.

 ASSERTION-REASONING

For question two statements are given- one labeled Assertion (A) and the other labeled Reason (R). Select the correct
answer to these questions from the codes (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) as given below

i) Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of the assertion.

ii) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of the assertion.

iii) A is true but R is false.

iv) A is false but R is true.

1. Assertion- A bicycle can be slowed down by dragging your feet along the ground.

Reason- When we drag our feet in the ground, the force of friction acts between our feet and the ground.

2. Assertion- The handle of a cricket bat or a badminton racquet is usually rough.

Reason- Rough surfaces decrease friction.

SA (3 MARKS)

1. Write one point of difference between exhaustible and inexhaustible natural resources. Give two examples each.

2. a) Name the variety of coal which has:

(i) highest carbon content

(ii) lowest carbon content

b) We say fossil fuels will last only for a few hundred years. Comment

c) Expand CNG and PCRA.

3. Write any three advantages of using CNG and LPG as fuels?

4. Write any three the tips we must follow to save petrol/ diesel/natural gas while driving?

5. Write the characteristics and two important uses of coal.

6. Name and write the characteristic of the products formed when coal is subjected to destructive distillation.

LA (5 MARKS)

1. How is petroleum mined? What is the principle of refining petroleum? Name four important products obtained during
this refining.

2. Write any five constituents of petroleum and its uses.

3. a) Why petrol is exhaustible natural resource, whereas sunlight is not?

b) Write any four measures for the judicious use of fossil fuels?

4. What are the characteristics of coal? Name the products formed after coal is processed in the industry. Also write the
uses of the products formed.

5. a) What do you understand by refining? Why does petroleum require refining?

 b) Although wood has a very high calorific value, we still discourage its use as a fuel. Explain.

6. a) Manu was heating oil to fry potato chips. The cooking oil all of a sudden caught fire; he poured water to extinguish
the fire. Do you think this action was suitable? If yes,why? If not, why not? In such a condition what should Manu have
done?
b) Name the four reserves of Natural gas in India.
c) Write one application of Natural gas.
 ANSWERS

MCQ

1. a) carbon dioxide

2. d) CNG

3. d) dead remains of living organisms

4. c) Natural gas is stored under high pressure as compressed natural gas.

PARAGRAPH BASED

(i) b) Carbonisation of wood

(ii) c) Sunlight

(iii) Carbonisation is the conversion of organic matter to carbon containing product. Coal mainly contains carbon. Thus,
the conversion of dead vegetation into coal is called carbonisation.

(iv) Coal is formed from the dead remains of living organisms (fossils). So, it is known as fossil fuels.

ASSERTION-REASONING

1. i) Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of the assertion.

2. iii) A is true but R is false.

SA (3 MARKS)

1. Exhaustible natural resource - The resources are present in limited quantity in nature and are likely to be exhausted by
human activities. Examples of these resources are forests, wildlife, minerals, coal, petroleum, natural gas etc.

Inexhaustible natural resource - The resources are present in unlimited quantity in nature and are not likely to be
exhausted by human activities. Examples are: sunlight, air.

2. a) i) Anthracite

ii) Lignite

b) Fossil fuels will last only for a few hundred years because fossil fuels are exhaustible natural resource, which are
present in limited quantity in nature.

c) CNG –Compressed Natural gas

PCRA –Petroleum Conservation Research Association

3. a) They both are cleanest burning fuels of all fossil fuels.

They are less polluting, non-corrosive.
They can be sent through pipes easily.
These are easily available and have affordable cost.
LPG and CNG both are easy to store and transport.
As there calorific value is very high therefore, they are used for cooking purpose (Any three).
4. The Petroleum Conservation Research Association (PCRA) advises people how to save petrol/diesel while driving.
Their tips are:

 Drive at a constant and moderate speed as far as possible.

 Switch off the engine at traffic lights or at a place where you have to wait
 Ensure correct tyre pressure
 Ensure regular maintenance of the vehicle. (any three)

5. Characteristic: Coal is black in colour and hard as stone.

Uses: It is one of the fuels used to cook food. Earlier it was used in railway engines to produce steam to run the engine. It
is used as fuel in thermal power plants to produce electricity and in various other industries. (any two)

6. Coal is processed in destructive distillation to get some useful products such as

 Coke - It is a tough, porous and black substance.

 Coal tar- It is a black, thick liquid with unpleasant smell.
 Coal gas- Coal gas is obtained during the processing of coal to get coke.

LA (5 MARKS)

1. Petroleum was formed from organisms living in the sea. As these organisms died, their bodies settled at the bottom of
the sea and got covered with layers of sand and clay. Over millions of years, absence of air, high temperature and high
pressure transformed the dead organisms into petroleum and natural gas. The petroleum deposits are usually found mixed
with salt water. The petroleum is lighter than salt water, and hence, floats over it.

The process of separating the various constituents/ fractions of petroleum is known as refining. It is carried out in a
petroleum refinery.

Products obtains during refining of petroleum are LPG, Petrol, Diesel, Kerosene, Lubricating oil, Paraffin wax, bitumen.
(any four)

2. Refer to Table 5.1 Various constituents of petroleum and their uses on pg 60 NCERT Class VIII science.

3. a) Sunlight is present in unlimited quantity in nature and is not likely to be exhausted by human activities. So, it is an
inexhaustible natural resource. Whereas petrol takes million of years to form.

b) Steps that must be taken for the judicious use of Fossils:

• Use the public transport
• Opting for carpool while going to school or work
• Adoption of renewable energies like wind and solar power.
• Using biogas fuel instead of LPG.

4. Characteristic of coal: Coal is black in colour and hard as stone.

Coal is processed in industry to get some useful products such as coke, coal tar and coal gas. Uses of these products are as
follows.

Coke- Coke is used in the manufacture of steel and in the extraction of many metals.

Coal tar- Products obtained from coal tar are used as starting materials for manufacturing various substances used in
everyday life and in industry, like synthetic dyes, drugs, explosives, perfumes, plastics, paints, photographic materials,
roofing materials, etc.

Coal gas- It is used as a fuel in many industries situated near the coal processing plants.
5. a) Refining means purification of a crude substance.

Petroleum is a mixture of various constituents such as petroleum gas, petrol, diesel, lubricating oil, paraffin wax, etc. The
process of separating the various constituents/ fractions of petroleum is known as refining. It is carried out in a petroleum
refinery.

b) Although wood has a very high calorific value, we still discourage its use as a fuel because:

1.Wood release unburnt carbon particles. These fine particles are dangerous pollutants causing respiratory diseases such
as asthma.

2. Incomplete combustion of wood give carbon monoxide gas which is a very poisonous gas and pollute the air.

3. Combustion of fuels like wood releases carbon dioxide in the environment causes global warming (rise in the
temperature of the atmosphere).

6. a) No. Because water is not suitable for fires involving oil.

Manu should have switched off the flame of the burner and put a lid on the frying pan. By doing this the contact between
fuel and oxygen is cut off and the flame will go off.

b) Natural gas has been found in Tripura, Rajasthan, Maharashtra and in the Krishna Godavari delta.

c) Natural gas is also used as a starting material for the manufacture of a number of chemicals and fertilisers