QUESTION BANK

CHAPTER – CELL

MCQ

1. Amoeba and bacteria have:

a) only one cell b) infinite c) two cells only d) three cells only

2. The basic unit of living things is called:

a) cell b) mitochondria c) tissue d) organ

3. Which of the following is not the part of nucleus?

a) nucleoplasm b)gene c)ribosome d) chromosome

4. The green colour of leaves is due to the presence of-

a) chlorophyll b) mitochondria c) ribosome d) chloroplast

PARAGRAPH BASED

Shyam being very inquisitive didn’t listen to the teacher’s instruction properly. He took the thin layer of
onion peel with a drop of water on the glass slide. He placed the coverslip on it and start observing the
slide under a microscope. But he was unable to see the cells of onion peel properly.

Answer the following questions, based on above information:

(i) Who discovered cell?

a)Robert Hooke b) Matthias Schledien c) Theodor Schwann d) Rudolf Virchow

(ii) What type of cell is an Onion peel cell?

a) Animal cell b) Prokaryotic cell c) Plant cell d)None of these

(iii) What do you think he might have forgotten?

(iv) What is the function of the thing he has forgotten?

ASSERTION-REASONING

For question two statements are given- one labeled Assertion (A) and the other labeled Reason (R). Select
the correct answer to these questions from the codes (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) as given below

i) Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of the assertion.

ii) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
 iii) A is true but R is false.

iv) A is false but R is true.

1. Assertion- Lysosomes digest damaged parts of the cell.

Reason- Lysosomes secrete hydrolytic enzymes which digests the damaged part in a cell.

2. Assertion-Mitochondria is called as powerhouse of the cell.

Reason-Mitochondria helps in the process of photosynthesis.

SA (3 MARKS)

1. Draw a neat diagram of an onion peel cell and label the following locations where-

a) Controls the function of a cell.

b) Selectively allows things to get in and out of the cell.

c) Contains the organelles.

2. a) Why is cell membrane important to a cell?

b) Why cell wall present is plant cells and not in animal cells?

c) State the major function of nucleus.

3. a) Explain the structure of a prokaryotic cell.

b) ‘Cells are the basic structural units of living organisms’. Explain

c) Why chloroplasts are found only in plant cells?

4. Explain briefly the variety of organisms on the basis of cell number, shape and size.

5. Why do plant cells have an additional layer surrounding the cell membrane? What is this layer known
as? What is the function of this layer?

6. Write short note on the following:

a) Cytoplasm

b) Nucleus

c) Plasma membrane

LA (5 MARKS)

1. Why are the following structures important to a plant cell?

a) Cell wall b) Chloroplast c) Cell membrane d) Chromosomes e) Nuclear membrane

2. a) How are prokaryotes different from eukaryotes? (2 points)

b) How is protoplasm different from cytoplasm?

c) Write the function of a nerve cell. Where is it found in human body?

3. a) Explain the structure of a eukaryotic cell.

b)  Explain with the preparation of animal cell help of an activity (draw diagram).

4. Draw a labelled diagram of plant and animal cell.

5. State any five differences between animal cells and plant cells.

6. Explain the structure of nucleus and state the functions of its major parts.
 ANSWERS

MCQ

1. a) only one cell

2. a) cell

3. c)ribosome

4. d) chloroplast

PARAGRAPH BASED

(i) a)Robert Hooke

(ii) c) Plant cell

(iii) dye

(iv) It stains the cell and its parts.

ASSERTION-REASONING

1. i) Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of the assertion.

2. iii) A is true but R is false.

SA (3 MARKS)

1. (a) Nucleus (b) Plasma membrane (c) Cytoplasm

Plasma membrane

2. (a) The cell membrane separates cells from one another and also the cell from the surrounding medium.
The cell membrane is porous and allows the movement of substances or materials both inward and
outward
 b) This cell wall surrounding the cell membrane is required by the plants for protection. Plant cells
need protection against variations in temperature, high wind speed, atmospheric moisture, etc. They are
exposed to these variations because they cannot move.

c) Nucleus has two major functions: it stores the cell's hereditary material, or DNA, and it coordinates
the cell's activities, which include growth, intermediary metabolism, protein synthesis, and reproduction
(cell division).

3. a) The cells having nuclear material without nuclear membrane are termed prokaryotic cells. They lack
cell organelles and are primitive cells.

b) All organisms are made of smaller parts called organs. Organs are made of still smaller parts. The
smallest living part of an organism is a ‘cell’.

c) Chloroplasts are found only in plant cells because they contain a green colour pigment called
chlorophyll. This green pigment is important for the process of photosynthesis in green plants. The
chlorophyll pigment traps solar energy and utilizes it to manufacture food for the plants.

4. Variety of organisms on the basis of cell number:- Organisms made of more than one cell are called
multicellular organisms. For example, plants, animals, etc. While the organisms made of a single cell are
called unicellular organisms. For example, amoeba, paramecium, etc.

Variety of organisms on the basis of cell shape:- Generally, cells are round, spherical or elongated. Some
cells are long and pointed at both ends such as muscle cells. They exhibit spindle shape. Cells sometimes
are quite long. Some are branched like the nerve cell or a neuron.

Variety of organisms on the basis of cell size:- The size of cells in living organisms may be as small as a
millionth of a metre (micrometre or micron) or may be as large as a few centimetres. However, most of
the cells are microscopic in size and are not visible to the unaided eye. They need to be enlarged or
magnified by a microscope. The smallest cell is 0.1 to 0.5 micrometre in bacteria. The largest cell
measuring 170 mm ×130 mm, is the egg of an ostrich. The size of the cells has no relation with the size of
the body of the animal or plant.

5. The cell membrane gives shape to the cell. As plants cannot move they are exposed to many climatic
variations.

In addition to the cell membrane, there is an outer thick layer in cells of plants called cell wall.

This additional layer surrounding the cell membrane is required by the plants for protection. Plant cells
need protection against variations in temperature, high wind speed, atmospheric moisture, etc.

6. a) Cytoplasm: It is a fluid that fills the cell and occurs between the plasma membrane and the nucleus.
Cell organelles such as mitochondria, ribosomes, Golgi bodies, etc. are suspended in the cytoplasm. The
cytoplasm helps in the exchange of materials between cell organelles.

b)  Nucleus of a cell: Nucleus is the control unit of the cell. It commands all the functioning of the cell.
It is generally located in the center of the cell and is spherical in shape. It contains the genetic material
DNA and RNA in it.
 c) Plasma membrane- The cytoplasm and nucleus are enclosed within the cell membrane, also called
the plasma membrane. The membrane separates cells from one another and also the cell from the
surrounding medium. The plasma membrane is porous and allows the movement of substances or
materials both inward and outward.

LA (5 MARKS)

1. a) Cell wall surrounding the cell membrane is required by the plants for protection. Plant cells need
protection against variations in temperature, high wind speed, atmospheric moisture, etc.

b) Chloroplasts are found only in plant cells because they contain a green colour pigment called
chlorophyll. This green pigment is important for the process of photosynthesis in green plants. The
chlorophyll pigment traps solar energy and utilizes it to manufacture food for the plants.

c) The cell membrane separates cells from one another and also the cell from the surrounding medium.
The cell membrane is porous and allows the movement of substances or materials both inward and
outward

d) Nucleus contains thread-like structures called chromosomes. These carry genes and help in
inheritance or transfer of characters from the parents to the offspring.

e) Nucleus is separated from the cytoplasm by a membrane called the nuclear membrane. This
membrane is also porous and allows the movement of materials between the cytoplasm and the inside of
the nucleus.

2. a)

PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL

1. Cells are smaller in size 1. Cells are larger in size
2. Cell organelles are absent 2. Cell organelles are present

b)

PROTOPLASM
It is the colourless material comprising
the living part of the cell including the
cytoplasm, nucleus, and other
organelles.
CYTOPLASM
It is the protoplasm enclosed by the
plasma membrane of the cell
excluding the nucleus in eukaryotic
cells and cellular DNA in prokaryotic
cells

c) The nerve cell receives and transfers messages, thereby helping to control and coordinate the
working of different parts of the body. It is found in the brain.

3. a) The cell which have well organised nucleus with a nuclear membrane are designated as eukaryotic
cells. They contain cell organelles.

b) Aim- To prepare a temporary slide to observe animal cells.

Materials Required- Toothpick, water, methylene blue solution/iodine solution, micro-slide, cover glass
and a compound microscope.

Procedure- 1. Take a toothpick and gently scrape the inner lining of your cheek with its blunt end.
2. Take care not to hurt your cheek lining.
3. Place the material on a clean micro-slide and spread it.
4. Add a drop of water followed by 2-3 drops of methylene blue solution/iodine solution.
5. Place the cover glass carefully and blot the extra solution if any.
6. Observe the slide under the microscope and record the observation.

Observation-

Conclusion- The animal cells are surrounded by cell membrane. The cell membrane encloses the jelly–
like substance called cytoplasm. The cytoplasm has a dense round nucleus which may be located in the
centre or slightly on the periphery.

4.
5.

PLANT CELL ANIMAL CELL

1. Cells are large in size
2. Cell wall is present
3. Chloroplast is present
4. Single large vacuole is present
5. Centriole is absent
1. Cells are small in size
2. Cell wall is absent
3. Chloroplast is absent
4. Numerous small vacuoles are
present
5. Centriole is present

6. Structure of nucleus- It is generally spherical and located in the centre of the cell.

Nucleus is separated from the cytoplasm by a membrane called the nuclear membrane. This membrane is
also porous and allows the movement of materials between the cytoplasm and the inside of the nucleus.

With a microscope of higher magnification, we can see a smaller spherical body in the nucleus. It is
called the nucleolus.

In addition, nucleus contains thread-like structures called chromosomes. These carry genes and help in
inheritance or transfer of characters from the parents to the offspring. The chromosomes can be seen only
when the cell divides.

Gene is a unit of inheritance in living organisms. It controls the transfer of a hereditary characteristic from
parents to offspring.