MINA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING

Bangac-Talibong Grande, Mina, Iloilo

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT INCANDESCENT LIGHT BULBS ON HATCHABILITY

AND CHICK PERFORMANCE OF CHICKEN EGGS

A Research Paper Presented to

the Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering

Mina National High School

Mina, Iloilo

In Partial Fulfillment

Of the Requirements for Completion

In Junior High School

John Cj Nefthalee R. Lindero

October 2020
 MINA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING
Bangac-Talibong Grande, Mina, Iloilo

Chapter 1

Introduction of the Study

This chapter is divided into six parts: (1) Background and Conceptual Framework

of the Study, (2) Statement of the Problem, (3) Hypotheses, (4) Definition of Terms, (5)

Significance of the Study, and (6) Scope and Delimitation of the study.

Part One, Background and Conceptual Framework of the Study, presents the

overview of the study, explains the rationale that supports the research endeavor, and

discusses the underlying reasons for the need to conduct the study, shows the relationship

of dependent and independent variables.

Part Two, statement of the Problem, states the main purpose for conducting the

study sought to answer.

Part Three, Hypotheses, consists of the researchers’ statistical prediction of the

possible result of the study.

Part Four, Definition of Terms, presents the conceptual and operational meanings

of the important terms used in the study.

Part Five, Significance of the Study, explains the benefits that may derived from

the findings of the study and the persons who would benefit from the study.

Part Six, Scope and Delimitation of the Study, sets the limit and the scope of the

investigation.
 MINA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING
Bangac-Talibong Grande, Mina, Iloilo

Background and Conceptual Framework of the Study

UN Population Projection report of 2016 states that, the current world population

7.4 billion is expected to reach 8.6 billion by 2030, 9.7 billion in 2050 and 11.7 billion in

2100. With the flow of time, the productivity of the land falls which may result in the

decline and shortage in production. The current population of the Philippines is 108.6M

by the Philippine Population (2019) which is extremely increasing daily. Agricultural

lands and field is becoming short that may lead to food scarcity. This situation is

extremely alarming. Moreover, meeting the standards of economic food production in the

world for growing human population , the shortage of agricultural lands due to

urbanization and tremendous global change without risking the next generation to support

their needs requires a deep understanding of both the natural and human-driven systems

involve in the production, growing, and consumption of the food.

The biggest challenge lying towards this study is to produce more food production

while preserving the biodiversity and rehabilitation of our nature and ecosystem. The

problem of today’s situation that needs to overcome in such a careful manner, we humans

need to be nutritiously provided without harming and overusing our natural resources.

Hydroponics is one way of growing different variations of plants such as vegetables and

fruits for those communities having not enough land to plant on and for those having

large populations. Climate change will affect the growth of crops in many different ways,

resulting to higher problems of not reaching the satisfactory yields in traditional

agriculture. The increased environmental control offered by indoor crop production might
 MINA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING
Bangac-Talibong Grande, Mina, Iloilo

become a safer choice in the near future. According to Aqua gardening, hydroponics is

the science of growing plants without soil or soil less medium, with advantage that your

plants are not restricted by weeds or soil-borne pests and diseases.

Nutrients are vitally important needs of plant as it is very essential for them to live

healthy and nutritious. There are three essential nutrients for plants known as NPK.

Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium are needed for plants to form their roots, drought

resistance and it strengthens the crops. The researchers prepared 3 organic solutions that

can meet the NPK nutrition needs that can help the plants grow stronger, healthier and

safer crops to consume. The 3 said solutions are rich in Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and

Potassium that helps for plants growth.

Leafy green such as Brassica oleracea plant is among the most popular locally

grown vegetables. It can be produced locally year- round in controlled environment in

hydroponics. Brassica oleracea is an ancient plant that’s full of appeal for contemporary

gardeners. The plants are easy to grow and produce seed in as few as 70 days.

Plants grown hydroponically are healthier plants. Hydroponic is an efficient,

profitable, sanitary technology for growing plants. Hydroponics system cannot function

without nutrients since a plant receive much of their nutrients through dirt alone. The

addition of nutrients into your growing operation is not only a good idea, it is absolutely

vital. Having nutrients can the rate of plant growth by as much as five times. This is

assuming that nutrients are introduced into the system correctly.

 MINA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING
Bangac-Talibong Grande, Mina, Iloilo

Having nutrients can make the rate of plant growth by as much as five times. This

is the study on different natural materials use as to determine the growth and yield

performance of Brassica oleracea plant, the materials were based accordingly to the

nutrients needed, specifically, NPK for the nutritional solutions. Using the 3 solutions, it

can meet the satisfactory quality since it contains the NPK for the healthier and stronger

growth of plants. Figure 1 illustrates the conceptual framework of the study.

 Solution A (30% kangkong, 35%

spinach, 35% overripe banana)

 Solution B (30% moldy bread,

 Growth and
35% sweet potato, 35%
yield
eggplant)
performance of
 Solution C (30% tomato, 35% Brassica
Peanuts, 35% coconut water) oleracea
 Solution D (inorganic nutrient

solution)

 Solution E (pure tap water)

Figure 1. Research paradigm of the stud

Research Objectives
 MINA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING
Bangac-Talibong Grande, Mina, Iloilo

This study aimed to determine the growth and yield performance of Brassica

oleracea using different nutrient solutions in hydroponics system.

Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following research objectives:

1. To determine the level of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium (NPK) of solution

A (30% kangkong, 35% sweet potato, 35% malunggay leaves), solution B ( 40%

overripe banana, 60% moldy bread), solution C ( 30% cassava, 35% spinach, 35%

coconut water).

2. To determine the mean length of Brassica oleracea using solution A ( 30%

kangkong, 35% sweet potato, 35% malunggay leaves), solution B ( 40% overripe

banana, 60% moldy bread), solution C ( 30% cassava, 35% spinach, 35% coconut

water).

3. To determine the mean width of leaves of Brassica oleracea using solution A

( 30% kangkong, 35% sweet potato, 35% malunggay leaves), solution B ( 40%

overripe banana, 60% moldy bread), solution C ( 30% cassava, 35% spinach, 35%

coconut water).

4. To determine if there is a significant difference on the length of leaves of

Brassica oleracea using different nutrient solutions.

5. To determine if there is significant difference on the width of leaves of Brassica

oleracea using different nutrient solutions.

6. To determine the marketable weight of Brassica oleracea using different nutrient

solutions.
 MINA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING
Bangac-Talibong Grande, Mina, Iloilo

Hypotheses

Based on the questions above, the hypothesis below was determined.

1. There is no significant difference in the length of leaves of Brassica oleracea

using different nutrient solutions.

2. There is no significant difference in the width of leaves of Brassica oleracea

using different nutrient solutions.

3. There is no significant difference in the total marketable weight of Brassica

oleracea using different nutrient solutions.

Definition of Terms

The following terms were defined conceptually and operationally to clarify the

meaning and to avoid confusion among the readers:

Brassica oleracea. A taxonomic species within the genus Brassica – the wild

cabbage, whose varieties include broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, kale etc. Any of those

various cultivars of the genus Brassica oleracea grown for their edible leaves or flowers

(The Free Dictionary, 2012).

As used in the study, Brassica oleracea is our dependent variable and will be taken

under investigation.

Coconut water. The watery liquid found inside the coconut (Oxford, 2019).

In the study, coconut water will be used as one of the materials for solution C.

Eggplant. The purple egg-shaped fruit of a tropical Old World plant, which is eaten

as a vegetable (Oxford, 2019).

 MINA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING
Bangac-Talibong Grande, Mina, Iloilo

In the study, eggplant will be used as one of the materials for solution B.

Hydroponic System. Hydroponics, by definition, is a method of growing in a water

based, nutrient rich solution. Hydroponics does not use soil, instead the root system is

supported using an inert medium such as perlite, rockwool, clay pellets, peat moss, or

vermiculate (Fullbloom, 2019).

In the study, Hydroponics system will be the culturing of Brassica oleracea in a soil

less process.

Inorganic Nutrient Solution. An inorganic compound does not contain carbon and is

not part of, or produced by, a living organism. Inorganic substances, which form the

majority of the soil solution, are commonly called mineral: those required by plants

include nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) for structure and regulation (Oxford, 2019).

In the study, inorganic nutrient solution will be used as a material for solution D.

Kangkong. Is a semi-aquatic tropical plant that’s a popular vegetable in the

Philippines. It has long, jointed and hollow stems, which allow the vines to float on water

or creep across muddy ground (Agriculture, 2010).

In the study, kangkong will be used as one of the materials for A.

Moldy Bread. A bread that hasn’t been on discord that they have started to mold

(Urban Dictionary, 2018).

In the study, moldy bread will be used as one of the materials for solution B.
 MINA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING
Bangac-Talibong Grande, Mina, Iloilo

Overripe Banana. is an edible- botanically a berry- produced by several kinds of

large herbaceous flowering plants in the Genus Musa (Philippines Australia Human

Resource and Organizational Development Facility, 2019).

In the study, overripe banana will be used as one of the materials in solution A.

Peanut. The plant of the pea family that bears the peanut, which develops in pods

that ripen underground. It is widely cultivated, especially in the southern US, and large

quantities are used to make oil or animal feed (Oxford, 2019).

In the study, peanut will be used as one of the materials for solution C.

Performance. The action or process of carrying out or accomplishing an action, task,

or function (Oxford, 2019).

In the study, performance is the result of Brassica oleracea’s Growth and Yield

Performance.

Pure Water. Pure water, also known as purified water, is water from source that has

removed all impurities. Pure water can be used in cooking, drinking, scientific studies

and laboratories (Leaf, 2017).

In the study, pure water will be used as material in solution E.

Solution. a liquid mixture in which the minor component (the solute) is uniformly

distributed within the major component (the solvent) (Oxford, 2019).

As used in the study, the solutions are kangkong, spinach, overripe banana, moldy

bread, sweet potato, eggplant, tomato, peanuts, and coconut water.

 MINA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING
Bangac-Talibong Grande, Mina, Iloilo

Spinach. A widely cultivated edible Asian plant of the goosefoot family, with large,

dark green leaves that are eaten raw or cooked as a vegetable (Oxford, 2019).

In the study, spinach will be used as one of the materials in solution A.

Sweet potato. An edible tropical tuber with pinkish orange, slightly sweet flesh

(Oxford, 2019)

In the study, sweet potato will be used as one of the materials in solution B.

Tomato. A glossy red, or occasionally yellow, pulpy edible fruit that is eaten as a

vegetable or in salad (Oxford, 2019).

In the study, tomato will be used as one of the materials in Solution C.

Yield. Produce or provide (a natural, agricultural, or industrial product). (Oxford

2019)

Significance of the Study

The result of the study will be beneficial to the agriculturists and farmers, populace,

schools, and to those who are interested in making new way of planting because it can be

alternative way of income out of various nutrient solutions in the production of plants that

can be planted or capable in hydroponic system.

Environment. Since the urbanization are rapidly increasing, the agricultural land is

becoming short which may result in the shortage or decline in crop production.

Hydroponics can be used as new way for crop planting. This study can help to become an

alternative way in planting crops without using soil and safe against soil-borne pests and

diseases.
 MINA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING
Bangac-Talibong Grande, Mina, Iloilo

Farmers and Agriculturists. This study can be a great help to those farmers and

planters as an alternative planting system with the use of different nutrient solutions with

a soil less process. The crops can be safe against diseases and pests. The plants can grow

healthier with more access to nutrients.

Populace. This study can help those people by using their own version or way of

planting and growing crops at home with their own choices of plants and own choice of

nutrient solutions. They can use this method for cultivating plants for small business that

can help them financially. They can consume the planted crops because it is healthier and

richer in nutrients.

Future Researchers. In this study, this can be a source of information for future

researchers. They might be inspired to discover new alternatives of growing plant using

different nutrient solutions. This can serve as springboard for the future learners to

conduct related study.

 MINA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING
Bangac-Talibong Grande, Mina, Iloilo

Scope and delimitation of the Study

This study will be conducted to test the Growth and Yield Performance of

Brassica oleracea in terms of plant length, plant width, and the totable marketable weight

of harvest.

The following experimental solutions are: Solution A (30% kangkong, 35%

spinach, 35% overripe banana), Solution B (30% moldy bread, 35% sweet potato, 35%

eggplant), Solution C (30% tomato, 35% Peanuts, 35% coconut water), Solution D

(inorganic nutrient solution), Solution E (pure tap water). Each solution will be under the

Complete Randomized Design (CRD) for five times. There will be five experimental fruit

pots in each three replications with a total of 75 experimental fruiting pots. There will be

15 fruiting pots in each solution.

This study will be conducted at Iloilo Research Outreach Station at Sta, Barbara,

Iloilo from January to February.