SQL TO_DATE Function

SQL > SQL String Functions > TO_DATE Function

The TO_DATE function is used in Oracle to convert a string

to a date.

Syntax

The syntax of this function is as follows:

TO_DATE ( String, [Format], [NLS Setting]

)

The most important parameter is [Format]. Valid [Format]

values are as follows:

 Format   Description 

 AD
 AD indicator to use in conjunction with the year
 A.D.
 AM
 A.M.
 Meridian indicator
 PM
 P.M.
 BC
 BC indicator to use in conjunction with the year
 B.C.
 D  Day of week (1-7)
 DAY  Name of day
 DD  Day of month (1-31)
 DDD  Day of year (1-366)
 DY  Abbreviated name of day
 HH  Hour of day (1-12)
 HH24  Hour of day (0-23)
 MI  Minutes (0-59)
 MM  Month (01-12)
 MON  Abbreviated name of month
 MONTH  Name of month
 RM  Month in Roman Numerals (I - XII)
 Accepts a 2-digit input, and returns a 4-digit year.
 A value between '00' and '49' returns the year in the
 RR same century.
 A value between '50' and '99' returns a year in the
previous century.
 Accepts a 2-digit input or a 4-digit input, and returns a
4-digit year.
 For 4-digit input, the same value is returned.
 RRRR
 For 2 digit input, a value between '00' and '49' returns
the year in the same century, and a value between '50'
and '99' returns a year in the previous century.
 SS  Second (0-59)
 SSSSS  Seconds past midnight (0-86399)
 Accepts a 1-digit input, and returns a 4-digit year in
 Y
that decade.
 Accepts a 2-digit input, and returns a 4-digit year in
 YY
that century.
 Accepts a 3-digit input, and returns a 4-digit year in
 YYY
that millennium.
 YYYY
 Accepts a 4-digit input, and returns a 4-digits year.
 SYYYY

[NLS Setting] is used to change the output format based on

the NLS Territoy and NLS Language (NLS stands for
National Language Support). It is optional and is rarely
used.

Examples

Below are some examples on using the TO_DATE

function. For clarity, the results are expressed in the 'YYYY
MM DD HH24:MI:SS' format (Year Month Date
Hour:Minute:Second, where Hour has a value between 0
and 23):

Example 1

SELECT TO_DATE('20100105', 'YYYYMMDD')

FROM DUAL;

Result:

2010 01 05 00:00:00

Example 2

SELECT TO_DATE('1999-JAN-05', 'YYYY-MON-

DD') FROM DUAL;

Result:

1999 01 05 00:00:00

Example 3

SELECT TO_DATE('2005-12-12 03600', 'YYYY-

MM-DD SSSSS') FROM DUAL;

Result:

2005 12 12 01:00:00

3600 seconds equals to 1 hour.

Example 4

SELECT TO_DATE('2005 120 05400', 'YYYY DDD

SSSSS') FROM DUAL;

Result:

2005 04 30 01:30:00

April 30th is the 120th day in 2005. 5400 seconds equals to

1 hour and 30 minutes.

Example 5

SELECT TO_DATE('99-JAN-05', 'YY-MON-DD')

FROM DUAL;

Result:

2099 01 05 00:00:00

The 'YY' format converts the year to the current century.

Example 6

SELECT TO_DATE('99-JAN-05', 'RR-MON-DD')

FROM DUAL;

Result:

1999 01 05 00:00:00

The 'RR' logic converts '99' to the previous century, hence

the result is 1999.

Next: SQL Date Functions

This page was last updated on June 05, 2022.

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