VELAMMAL BODHI CAMPUS

KOLAPAKKAM
CLASS: VIII SUB: BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE

LN: 7 – CONSERVATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS

CONCEPT MAP
 CONCEPT INTRODUCTION & FACTS:

Deforestation:
● The process of clearing of forests to make use of that land for other purposes, such as
agriculture or urbanisation.
● Deforestation can be both natural and man – made.
● Consequences of deforestation include:
● Increase in global temperature, causing droughts
● Increase in pollution levels
● Decrease in annual rainfall
● Decrease in fertility of the soil, leading to desertification
● Increase in the chances of natural calamities
● Decrease in the water – holding capacity of the soil
● Wildlife Sanctuaries: Areas strictly only for animals
where they are allowed to free from disturbance from
human beings, in their natural environment.
No hunting activities can be performed in such places.

Biosphere Reserves:
● Large areas meant for the conservation of biodiversity
(combination of plants, animals and microorganisms
of that particular area), and also the practices of the
indigenous tribal people of that area.

National Parks:
● Areas that have been specifically reserved for wildlife
to use for their habitat and resources, in an artificial,
or man – made environment.

Biospheres have 3 main zones: -

Core zone:
● No human activity is allowed. It is undisturbed, allowing the fauna and flora of that
region to flourish.
Buffer zone:
● The immediate surrounding area
of the core zone, where limited
human activity like education and
research is allowed.
Transition zone:
● The outermost zone in a biosphere reserve, where human activities like agriculture,
settlement and recreation are performed, with help from the forest management,
without causing any disruption to the environment.
Endemic species:
● Species of plants or animals which are found exclusively in a particular area.
● Eg: Asiatic lion and Nilgiri Tahr are endemic to Gujarat (Gir Lion Sanctuary) and The
Nilgiri Hills respectively.

● India is home to 3 of the 34 Biodiversity Hotspots that are present in the world
(namely the Western Ghats, the Eastern Ghats and the hilly regions which
overlap the India – Myanmar border).
● There are 172 species of globally threatened fauna in India alone (53 species of
mammals, 69 species of birds, 23 species of reptiles and 3 species of amphibians).
● Forestry is the art, science and practice of studying and managing forests, plantations
and related natural resources.
 ● India has globally important populations of some of the rarest fauna in Asia, such as,
The Bengal Fox, Marbled Cat, Asiatic lion, Indian Elephant, Asiatic Wild Ass,
Indian Rhinoceros, and Asiatic Wild Water Buffalo.
● India has the largest population of tigers in the world, in the wild, approximately
3,600 to 4,000 in number.
● Project Tiger was launched in India, in 1973 – 74, as a conservation programme for
saving the Indian Tiger Population. There are now 28 tiger reserves in India.

ACTIVITY (CREATIVE SKILL):

Bulletin Board Activity:

● Students will create a bulletin board featuring the definition of biodiversity and paste
pictures that illustrate biodiversity, portray the different levels of biodiversity, and
update the board as they gain more knowledge about biodiversity.

BOOKBACK EXCERCISES:

1. Fill in the blanks:

(a) A place where animals are protected in their natural habitat is called Wildlife
sanctuary.
(b) Species found only in a particular area is known as Endemic species.
(c) Migratory birds fly to faraway places because of Climatic changes.
2. Differentiate between the following:
(a) Wildlife sanctuary and biosphere reserve
Ans: 
Wildlife sanctuary Biosphere reserve
(i) It is an area within which animals (i) It is a large protected area
are protected from possible dangers constructed for the conservation of
such as hunting. Their habitat is also biodiversity.
conserved in this area.
(ii) It provides protection and suitable (ii) It helps in the conservation of
living conditions to wild animals. various life forms such as plants,
animals, and micro- organisms.
(iii) Pachmarhi sanctuary is a wildlife (iii) Pachmarhi biosphere reserve is a
sanctuary. popular biosphere reserve.
 
Concept insight: 
● List the differences between wildlife sanctuary and biosphere reserve.
  
b) Zoo and wildlife sanctuary
Ans:
Zoo Wild life sanctuary
(i) It is a facility in which animals are (i) It is an area within which animals are
kept for public exhibition. protected from possible dangers such as
hunting. Their habitat is also conserved
in this area.
(ii) It is an artificial habitat. (ii) It conserves the natural habitat of
animals.
 
Concept insight: 
● List the differences between zoo and wildlife sanctuary.
 (c) Endangered and extinct species
Ans:
Endangered species Extinct species
(i) It is a population of species that is on (i) It is a population of species that no
the verge of becoming extinct. longer exists, Hence it is extinct.
(ii) Blue whale, tiger, leopard, etc. are (ii) Dodo, passenger pigeon, etc. are
examples of endangered species. examples of extinct species.

Concept insight: 
● List the differences between endangered and extinct species.

(d) Flora and fauna

Ans:
Flora Fauna
(i) It refers to all living plants in a (i) It refers to all animals living in a
particular area. particular area.
(ii) Sal, teak, mango, etc. form the flora (ii) Leopard, wolf, wild dog, etc. form
of Pachmarhi biosphere reserve. the fauna of Pachmarhi biosphere
reserve.

Concept insight: 
● List the differences between flora and fauna.

3. Discuss the effects of deforestation on the following:

(a) Wild animals
Ans:
● Effects of deforestation on wild animals: Due to deforestation forests are vanishing
due to which animals are loosing their natural habitat. Therefore their population is
declining rapidly.
Concept insight: 
● Deforestation leads to the loss of habitat of wild animals.
(b) Environment
Ans:  
Effects of deforestation on the environment: 
i. Balance of carbon dioxide and oxygen has been disturbed.
ii. It has also changed rainfall distribution at many places.
iii. Due to it amount of carbon dioxide has increased in environment due to which
global warming has increased.
Concept insight: 
● Deforestation leads to global warming and thus affects environment.

(c) Villages (Rural areas)

Ans:
Effects of deforestation on villages:
● Roots of plants hold soil particles together. In the absence of plants, the top layer of
the soil will be easily removed by the action of high speed winds or water flow. Thus,
deforestation increases the chances of soil erosion. As a result, soil loses humus and
becomes less fertile. Hence, a fertile land gets converted into a desert.
Concept insight: 
● Due to deforestation soil erosion has increased and soil is loosing its fertility.

(d) Cities (Urban areas)

Ans:
● Effects of deforestation on cities: 
Deforestation in cities can increase the risk of many natural calamities such as floods
and droughts in that area. Also, it can lead to global warming due to an increase in the
level of CO2 in the atmosphere as a result of vehicular and industrial pollution. This
increase in temperature can disturb the natural water cycle of an area.
Concept insight: 
● Deforestation has increased global warming.
(e) Earth
Ans:  
● Effects of deforestation on the Earth: 
As a result of deforestation, chances of desertification, droughts, floods, etc. increase.
Deforestation can also increase the level of CO2 in the Earth. It will lead to an
increase in temperature i.e., global warming. As a result, the entire natural water cycle
will get disrupted. This again increases the risk of natural calamities.
Concept insight: 
● Deforestation has disturbed the ecological balance.
(f) The next generation
Ans:  
● Effects of deforestation on the next generation: 
Deforestation is slowly changing our environmental conditions. It is responsible for
global warming, soil erosion, greenhouse effect, drought, floods, and many other
global problems. As a result, the next generation will have to face severe
consequences of deforestation.
Concept insight: 
● Deforestation has many effects on ecosystem and leads to global problems.

4. What will happen if:

(a) we go on cutting trees.
Ans:
● If we go on cutting trees, the natural habitat of many animals will get completely
destroyed. it will have the following consequences.
i. Ecological balance will be disturbed.
ii. As a result, the biodiversity of many areas will be severely affected. 
iii. Also, there will be an increase in the temperature of the Earth as a result of
global warming, which can disturb the natural water cycle. As a result, there will be
a change in the rainfall pattern. This could lead to floods or droughts. This will also
increase the risk of soil erosion, desertification, and natural calamities.
(b) the habitat of an animal is disturbed.
Ans:
● The habitat of an animal provides it with necessities such as shelter, food, and
protection. If the habitat of an animal is disturbed, then it will be forced to go to other
places in search of food and shelter. The animal could get killed by other animals in
this process. This will ultimately become a major threat to the biodiversity of earth.

(c) the top layer of soil is exposed.

Ans:
● If the top layer of soil is exposed, then it will gradually expose the lower layer of soil,
which is hard and rocky in nature. This type of soil is less fertile as it contains less
humus. Continued soil erosion will make the land barren or infertile.
Concept insight: 
● List the consequences of deforestation.

5. Answer in brief:
(a) Why should we conserve biodiversity?
Ans:
● Biodiversity refers to the number and variety of various life forms such as plants,
animals and micro-organisms in an area. Plants and animals depend on each other for
survival. This means that the destruction of either of the two will affect the life of the
other. Hence, we need to conserve biodiversity to maintain the balance of nature.
Concept insight: 
● Biodiversity also maintains ecological balance which is necessary for our survival.
(b) Protected forests are also not completely safe for wild animals. Why?
Ans:
● Protected forests are not completely safe for wild animals because people who live
near or adjacent to forests use resources from forests to fulfill their own requirements.
In this process, wild animals are killed and sold for lucrative amounts of money.
Concept insight: 
● Animal poaching is done and government takes no action against poachers.
(c) Some tribals depend on the jungle. How?
Ans:
● Some tribals are dependent on forests as they provide them shelter, food, etc. They
also collect wood and herbs from forests.
Concept insight: 
● Recall the concept of conservation of forests.

(d) What are the causes and consequences of deforestation?

Ans:
● Causes of deforestation:
(i) Forests are cleared for accommodating expanding urban areas and for fulfilling
their ever-increasing requirements.
(ii) Forests are destroyed to clear land for crops and cattle grazing.
(iii) Trees are cut down to be used for firewood.
Consequences of deforestation:
(i) Soil erosion
(ii) Loss of biodiversity
(iii) Floods and droughts
(iv) Climate changes due to global warming
(v) Disruption of water cycle
Concept insight: 
● List the factors that leads to deforestation and its consequences.

(e) What is Red Data Book?

Ans:
● Red Data Book is a source book that maintains an international list of all endangered
animal and plant species. This book is maintained by IUCN (International Union for
Conservation of Nature and Natural resources).
Concept insight: 
● Red Data Book maintains the account of endangered animal and plant species.
(f) What do you understand by the term migration?
Ans:
● Migration refers to the movement of an organism or a group of organisms from its
natural habitat to another place at a particular time every year. Organisms migrate
from one place to another to avoid inhabitable climatic conditions or for breeding.
Concept insight: 
● Migratory birds fly to far away area every year during a particular time because of
climatic changes.
6. In order to meet the ever-increasing demand in factories and for shelter, trees are
being continually cut. Is it justified to cut trees for such projects? Discuss and prepare a
brief report.
Ans:
● No. It is not at all justified to cut trees to meet the ever increasing demands of human
population. Forests are the habitat of several organisms including wild animals. They
provide us with good quality air as they give out O2 and absorb the harmful CO2 gas
from the atmosphere.
● In this process, they prevent the excessive heating of the atmosphere. They prevent
soil erosion and natural calamities such as floods and droughts. They increase the
fertility of the soil and help to conserve biodiversity. The cutting of forests to meet the
demands of growing human population will lead to global warming, soil erosion,
greenhouse effect, droughts, floods, and many more problems. The destruction of
forests will disturb the balance of nature. Hence, forests must be conserved.
Concept insight: 
● If all the forests got destructed we will also not be able to survive.
7. How can you contribute to the maintenance of green wealth of your locality? Make a
list of actions to be taken by you.
Ans:
● Following steps can be taken to maintain green wealth of our locality:
i I can help in maintaining the green wealth of my locality by taking care of
the plants and trees growing in or around my locality.
ii I can plant more and more number of trees. 
 iii I can also encourage the people in my locality to plant more trees by
informing them about the importance of growing trees. 
iv I can make young children aware of the effects of deforestation and its effect
on our environment and on our planet. 
v I can also ask them to water the plants daily which will take very little of
their time. I believe planting new trees is as important as taking care of the
existing trees.
Concept insight: 
● List the importance of flora.

8. Explain how deforestation leads to reduced rainfall.

Ans:
● Deforestation is the removal of trees or other vegetation from an area for industrial,
agricultural, or other purposes. Plants or trees absorb CO2 from the atmosphere. If
plants are destroyed, then the level of CO2 in the atmosphere will rise. The high levels
of CO2 in the atmosphere will trap more heat radiations, leading to global warming.
This increase in temperature of the Earth will disturb the natural water cycle. As a
result of disruption in the water cycle, there will be a change in the rainfall pattern.
The reduced amount of rainwater can cause droughts. 
Concept insight: 
● Large amount of water vapours are added by forests in atmosphere by transpiration.
Increasing global warming has disturbed rainfall patterns.

9. Find out the information about the national parks in your state. Identify and show
their location on the outline map of India.
Ans:
● An area strictly reserved to preserve flora, fauna, landscapes
and historic objects existing in the area is called a national
park. One of the nation parks located near Delhi is the
Corbett Nation Park.
10. Why should paper be saved? Prepare a list of ways by which we can save paper.
Ans:
● Paper should be saved because it takes around seventeen full grown trees to make one
tonne of paper. Trees, as we know, are important to maintain a balance of nature.
● Therefore, in order to save trees and prevent the impact of their loss on living
organisms, we need to save paper.
● Ways by which paper can be saved:
(i) Collect the used paper and recycle it.
(ii) Use both sides of a paper for writing. 
(iii) Spread awareness about the importance of paper.
(iv) Use paper intelligently.
Concept insight: 
● Trees are necessary for our survival as they provide food, oxygen and maintain
water cycle.

HOTS (HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS):

1. The population of lions in a particular forest has been declining over the past few years.
This coincided with the introduction of a new medication that keeps cattle healthy and free
of disease. Find a connection, if there is any, between the two events, and justify your
answer.
2. Dinosaurs have been extinct for many years now. If dinosaurs were alive today, how
would our world be today?
3. You are a forest officer of a particular region. You need to take steps to conserve the flora
and fauna in a forest in your designated region. What will you do?
4. Why rainfall reduced in Cherrapunji which once had the highest rain fall?
5. How does over grazing lead to desertification?
 DIAGRAM BASED QUESTIONS: -

1. a) Name the organism in the picture.

Ans:
● Tiger
b) Name the habitat of the organism.
Ans:
● Forests, woody areas
c) Tiger populations have been dropping. What is the reason?
Ans:
● The main reason for tiger population decreasing and the species becoming
endangered is because of poaching of the tigers by hunters for their hide and
other parts. Another reason is deforestation, which destroys the natural habitat
of the tiger. Without shelter and food, the tigers move out of the area in search of
food, and thus face other hostile factors like, hunting and climatic change.
2. a) Name the natural disaster that has occurred in the picture.
Ans:
● Landslide

b) What could have caused the disaster to occur?

Ans:  
● Landslides can be initiated in slopes already on the verge of movement by rainfall,
snowmelt, changes in water level, stream erosion, changes in ground water,
earthquakes, volcanic activity, disturbance by human activities, or any combination
of these factors. Earthquake shaking and other factors can also induce landslides
underwater. 
c) How can one prevent the above disaster from occurring in the locality?
Ans:
● Planting of more trees can prevent the soil from getting lost by the causative
factors. Additionally, deforestation must be stopped so that the trees and plants can
grow and hold the soil particles in place, thus keeping them intact.

DEMONSTRATIVE BASED QUESTIONS: (LAB ACTIVITY)

ACTIVITY: 1
Aim:
● To collect, identify and paste the different endangered species of plants and/or
animals as to gain knowledge about the various species of endangered plants and
animals.

Result:
● The student gains knowledge about some of the various endangered species of flora
and fauna in this world, and is also able to identify them when they see them in real
life.
ACTIVITY: 2
Aim:
● To collect information about “ Project Tiger”
● Project Tiger is a tiger conservation programme launched in April 1973 by
the Government of India during Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's tenure. The project
aims at ensuring a viable population of Bengal tigers in their natural habitats,
protecting them from extinction, and preserving areas of biological importance as a
natural heritage forever represented as close as possible the diversity
of ecosystems across the distribution of tigers in the country. The project's task
force visualized these tiger reserves as breeding nuclei, from which surplus animals
would migrate to adjacent forests.

Results:
● The student collects information about ‘Project Tiger’ and learns more about the
concept.

ONLINE WORKSHEET:

1. Fauna of a region refers to:

a) Plants found in a particular region. b) Animals found in a particular region.
c) Water bodies of a region. d) Both [a] and [b]
e) None of these
2. Deforestation is not done for:
a) Building homes, factories and roads. b) Farming
c) Mining of minerals. d) All the above
e) None of these
3. Due to Continued soil erosion, conversion of land into desert is called:
a) Deforestation b) Drought c) Desertification
d) Global warming e) None of these
4. Some species become endangered because:
a) They become extinct. b) They are found exclusively in a particular area.
c) Their population has reduced very much. d) Both [a] and [b]
e) None of these
5. Which one of the following is an extinct species?
a) Mountain quail b) Sikkim stag c) Asiatic lion
d) Both [a] and [b] e) None of these
6. Match the following:
Column A Column B

(i) Wildlife sanctuary [A] Buffer zone

(ii) Innermost zone of a biosphere [B] Transition zone

(iii) Outermost one of a biosphere [C] Protection of wild animals

(iv) Middle zone of a biosphere [D] Core zone

a) (i - C), (ii - A), (iii - B), (iv - D) b) (i - C), (ii - B), (iii - A), (iv - D)
c) (i - C), (ii - D), (iii - B), (iv - A) d) (i - C), (ii - D), (iii - A), (iv - B)
e) None of these
7. Wildlife and forests should be conserved:
a) To preserve biodiversity. b) To prevent extinction of endangered species.
c) Maintain ecological balance in nature. d) All of the above
e) None of these
8. Kanha tiger reserve is located in:
a) Madhya Pradesh b) Assam c) Andaman and Nicobar
d) West Bengal e) None of these
9. A Biosphere Reserve may contain:
(i) National Park
(ii) Zoological garden
(iii) Wildlife Sanctuary
(iv) Botanical garden

a) (i) and (ii) b) (ii) and (iii) c) (iii) and (iv)

d) (i) and (iii) e) None of these
10. Species of plants and animals which are found exclusively in a particular area are known
as:
a) Endangered species b) Extinct species c) Endemic species
d) Imbalanced species e) None of these
11. Which one of the following is an endangered species?
a) Caspian tiger b) Irish deer c) Lion-tailed Macaque
d) All the above e) None of these
12. A large area of scenic beauty protected and maintained by the government to preserve
flora and fauna, landscape and places of scientific interest is a:
a) Wildlife Sanctuary b) National Park c) Red data field
d) Botanical garden e) None of these
13. Which one of the following is not a function performed by a Biosphere Reserve?
a) Conservation of wildlife of the area.
b) Prevention of the commercial exploitation of the area.
c) Keeps a record of all the endangered animals of the area.
d) Maintains the lifestyle of the tribal people living in the area.
e) None of these
14. Which one of the following is the endemic fauna of Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve?
a) Bison b) Leopard c) Fern d) Bear e) None of these
15. Which one of the following is a flora of Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve?
 a) Jamun b) Arjun c) Teak d) All the above e) None of these
16. Red data book keeps a record of all the:
a) Endangered species b) Endemic species c) Extinct species
d) Imbalanced species e) None of these
17. Deforestation increases the level of ___ in the atmosphere.
a) Nitrogen b) Carbon dioxide c) Oxygen
d) Fluorine e) None of these
18. Project Tiger started as the tigers have become an ____ species.
a) Endemic b) Endangered c) Extinct
d) Exotic e) None of these
19. The living organisms of an area and the physical environment in which they live is a/an:
a) Ecosystem b) Biosphere reserve c) Wildlife sanctuary
d) National Park e) None of these
20. Match the following:
Column A Column B
(i) Mudumalai wildlife sanctuary [A] Rajasthan
(ii) Satkosia Basipalli wildlife sanctuary [B] Madhya Pradesh
(iii) Bharatpur bird sanctuary [C] West Bengal
(iv) Bori wildlife sanctuary [D] Tamil Nadu

a) (i - D), (ii - A), (iii - B), (iv - C) b) (i - D), (ii - C), (in - A), (iv - B)
c) (i - C), (ii - D), (iii - A), (iv - B) d) (i - A), (ii - C), (iii - D), (iv - B)
e) None of these
21. Which of the following factors affect the existence of endemic species?
a) Destruction of forests b) Introduction of new species
c) Increasing human population in the vicinity of forest reserves.
d) All the above e) None of these
22. The logo of the world wildlife fund is symbolized by the:
a) Lion Tailed Macaque b) Red Panda c) Giant Panda
d) Lion e) None of these
23. IUCN stands for:
a) Indian Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural resources.
 b) International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural resources.
c) International Union for Controlling the Nature and National resources.
d) International Unity for Controlling the Nature and Natural resources.
e) None of these
24. The major cause of diminishing wildlife number is:
a) Camouflage b) Habitat destruction c) Scarcity of drinking water
d) Cannibalism e) None of these
25. When the world wildlife week is celebrated?
a) First week of November b) Last week of September
c) First week of October d) Last week of October
e) None of these
26. Part of the earth which supports life where living being exists is called.
a) Biology b) Zoology c) Biosphere
d) Biodiversity e) None of these
27. When no member of a species exists, it is known as:
a) Endemic species b) Endangered species c) Extinct species
d) Exotic species e) None of these
28. The variety of life on the earth is referred as:
a) Biosphere b) Ecosystem c) Biodiversity
d) Zoo e) None of these
29. A group of population which has the capacity to interbreed is called:
a) Plants b) Animals c) Species
d) Kingdom e) None of these
30. Elephant is an:
a) Extinct species b) Endangered species c) Endemic species
d) All the above e) None of these
31. Which one of the following is not a region of biosphere reserve?
a) Buffer b) Core c) Manipulation
d) Transitione) None of these
32. Which one of the following national park contained in Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve?
a) Corbett National Park b) Satpura National Park c) Gir National Park
d) Kaziranga National Park e) None of these
33. Name the first national park of India.
a) Jim Corbett National Park b) Dachigam National Park
c) Kanha National Park d) Sunderban National Park
e) None of these
34. Removal of fertile topsoil will cause:
a) Biomagnification b) Desertification c) Reforestation
d) Fertilisation e) None of these
35. Cyanobacteria is a____ component of ecosystem.
a) Abiotic b) Biotic c) Cycle
d) Acyclic e) None of these
36. Which of the following groups indicates flora of a region?
a) Wild mango, Cheetal, Teak, Jamun b) Chinkara, Pine, Teak, Wild mango
c) Teak, Pine, Jamun, Wild mango d) Chinkara, Cheetal, Pine, Jamun
e) None of these
37. ____ is the multipurpose protected area that may also contain other protected areas in it.
a) Wildlife sanctuary b) Botanical garden c) Zoological garden
d) Biosphere reserve e) None of these
38. ____ is the loss of corals due to environmental stresses.
a) Coral sampling b) Coral bleaching c) Coral leaching
d) Coral preaching e) None of these
39. Biotic component of an ecosystem does not include:
a) Mosses b) Ferns c) Microbes
d) Minerals e) None of these
40 . Dynosaur is an:
a) Extinct species b) Exotic species c) Endangered species
d) Endemic species e) None of these

TOPIC WORKSHEET (Wildlife Conservation)

1. When was the Project Tiger launched?

a) 1973 b) 1974 c) 1975 d) 1976
2. When was the Project Elephant launched?
 a) 1991 b) 1992 c) 1993 d) 1994
3. When was the government of India had launched the Project Snow Leopard?
a) 2000 b) 2003 c) 2009 d) 2012

4. When was the Central Zoo Authority established in India?

a) 1995 b) 1994 c) 1993 d) 1992
5. Consider the following statement (s) related to the objective of Project Elephant
I. To protect elephants, their habitat & corridors.
II. To address issues of man-animal conflict.
III. Welfare of domesticated elephants.
Code:
a) Only I b) Only II c) I, II & III d) None the above
6. What does the term 'MIKE' stands for?
a) Monitoring of Illegal Killing of Elephants
b) Monitoring of Illegal Killing in Europe
c) Monitoring of Illegal Killing of Eagle
d) Monitoring of Illegal Killing of Endangered Species
7. Which of the following is not MIKE site in India?
a) Chirang Ripu (Assam) b) Dhang Patki (Assam)
c) Eastern Dooars (WB) d) Kaziranga (Assam)
8. Which of the following Mike Sites is not correctly matched?
a) Deomali - Arunachal Pradesh b) Garo Hills - Meghalaya
c) Mayurbhanj – Chhattisgarh d) Mysore - Karnataka
9. Consider the following statement (s) related to the objective of Project Tiger
I. To ensure a viable population of tiger in India for scientific, economic, aesthetic,
cultural and ecological values
II. To preserve for all time, areas of biological importance as a natural heritage for the
benefit, education and enjoyment of the people.
Code:
a) Only I b) Only II c) Both I & II d) Neither I nor II
10. Consider the following statement (s) related to the objective of MIKE
I. To measure levels and trends in the illegal hunting of elephants
II. To determine changes in these trends over time
III. To determine the factors causing or associated with such changes, and to try and
 assess in particular to what extent observed trends are a result of any decision taken by
the Conference of the Parties to CITES.
Code:
a) Only I b) Only II c) Both I & II d) I, II & III

VISTO WORKSHEET

1) Those species which exist in small numbers are called:

a) few species b) indeterminate species c) rare species d) extinct species
2) Different types of animals, plants and microbes in a particular area constitutes its:
a) biodiversity b) flora and fauna
c) global richness index d) conservation and variation
3) The species of plants and animals which are found exclusively at a place are called:
a) endemic species b) epidemic species c) extinct species d) endangered species
4) Environment in which an animal lives is called its
a) habitat b) home c) reservoir d) resort
5) Indiscriminate cutting of forest is called
a) afforestation b) reforestation c) deforestation d) none of these
6) Which of the following is / are the advantage(s) of forests?
a) Forests provide us oxygen
b) They protect soil and provide habitat to a large number of animals
c) They help in bringing good rainfall in neighbouring areas
d) All of these
7) Which of the following are living resources in nature?
a) Flora b) Fauna c) Soil d) Both ‘a’ and ‘b’
8) What is wildlife?
a) All non-domesticated and non-cultivated biota found in their natural habitat
b) All domesticated plants and non-domesticated animals
c) All cultivated plants and non-domesticated animals
d) All non-cultivated plants and domesticated animals
9) Which of the following activities leads to deforestation?
 a) Planting trees in forests b) Cutting trees to obtain wood
c) Application of fertilizers on crop plants d) Removal of weeds from agricultural land

10) Use the following information to answer the next question.

______ i________ and __________ii___________ are natural causes of deforestation.
The information in which alternative completes the given statement?
i ii i ii
a) Forest fires agriculture b) construction drought
c) Forest fires droughts d) Droughts agriculture
11) ______ i________ plants and animals are restricted in their distribution to a particular
area. _______ ii__________ species are those whose numbers are decreasing and might
face extinction in the near future. The information in which alternative completes the
given statement?
i ii i ii
a) Extinct Endemic b) Endemic Endangered
c) Endangered Extinct d) Extinct Endangered
12) The plants found in a particular area are termed as the ________i _________ of that
area. _________ii__________ refers to the animals found in particular area. The
information in which alternative completes the given statements?
i ii i ii
a) flora Fauna b) fauna Flora
c) flora Flora also d) fauna Fauna also
13) Deforestation is a major threat to the ecosystem. Which of the following activities
does not lead to deforestation?
a) Using wood for making furniture b) Constructing biosphere reserve
c) Clearing land for agriculture d) Using wood as fuel
14) Use the following information to answer next question.
__________i__________ is a phenomenon by which the rise in the _______ii________
levels leads to the increase in earth’s __________iii_________. The information in which
alternative completes the given statement?
a) i ii iii
Desertification carbon dioxide vegetation
 b) i ii iii
Global warming Oxygen temperature

c) i ii iii
Desertification oxygen rain fall

d) i ii iii
Global warming carbon dioxide temperature

15) The most rapidly dwindling natural resource in the world is _________________
a) Water b) Soil c) Sunlight d) Forest
16) Which of the following activities, if not checked in time, many ultimately lead to the
rise in sea level causing the flooding of low-lying coastal areas?
a) Desalination b) Deforestation c) Desertification d) Desegregation
17) The national park which is located in Rajasthan is _______________
a) Corbett National park b) Kanha National prk
c) Sariska National park d) Satpura National park
18) The Siberian crane comes to india every year in winter for a few months.
a) To escape the severe summer b) To escape the severe winter
c) To escape the heavy rains d) To Escape the from predators
19) Which of the following is an extinct species of Animals
a) Tiger b) Desert rat c) Snow leopard d) Dodo
20) Sanjay Gandhi wild life sanctuary is located in ___________________
a) Rajasthan b) Manipur c) Madhya Pradesh d) Maharashtra
21) Those species of plant and Animals) which are found exclusively in a particular area
are called ---_________________
a) Epidimic species b) Pelagic species c) Pandemi species d) Endemic species
22) The part of the earth in which living organisms exist (or which support life) are called
a) Lithosphere b) Globe c) Hydrosphere d) Biosphere
23) Which of the following will animal is not listed in the Red Data book of India
___________ wild
a) Black buck b) Flying Squirrel c) Tiger d) Leopard
24) Which of the following is an Endangered species of Animals
a) Dinosaur b) Asiaticlion c) Irish deer d) Hyena
25) Statement I: A biosphere reserve is a specified area.
Statement I: No restriction o human activities has been imposed in biosphere reserve.
a) Both Statement I and II are correct
b) Both Statement I and II are incorrect
c) Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
d) Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
26) The book which contains information about endangered species is called:
a) red data book b) red nest book c) red hallmark book d) red record book
27) Project tiger was launched by Indian government on:
a) 1st April, 1973 b) 1st May, 1970 c) 5th June, 1975 d) 5th July, 1980
28) Government of India implemented the National Forest Policy in:
a) 1973 b) 1962 c) 1952 d) 1980
29) Conservation means:
a) replacing present resources with new ones b) not using present resources at all
c) both A & B d) using resources without depleting them
30) What is National Park?
a) An area strictly reserved for improvement of wild life
b) An area where grazing and cultivation are permitted
c) A park where the whole nation can have picnics
d) A park which can be privately owned
31) Which of the following is the example human interference with nature that has upset
the biological equilibrium?
a) Afforestation b) Recycling of paper
c) Poaching endangered animals d) Rain harvesting
32) Conservation of resources means
a) maintaining the earth’s resources in their original state
b) using earth’s resources wisely
c) using resources not in a wasteful manner
d) both b and c
33) Recycling of paper will
a) reduce deforestation b) increase the use of energy
c) reduce the use of chemicals d) promote the destruction of environment
34) Which of the following statements about migratory birds is incorrect?
a) They migrate to escape the harsh conditions of their natural habitat
b) They cover long distances to reach other areas
c) They migrate to a particular area every year
d) They can migrate at any time of the year
35) Which of the following statements about the Red Data book is correct?
a) It gives information about the habitat of various species
b) It maintains a record of the protected flora and fauna areas
c) It gives information about the behavior of various species
d) It maintains a record of all endangered flora and fauna species
36) A habitat change may result in the decline of the numbers of a given species. Such
species slowly become P. This means that the species are on the verge of becoming Q.
Some animals whose number has gone down to critically low levels are called R. A
species is considered S when no member of the species is still alive.
Which of the following is correct sequence for P, Q, R and S in the above paragraph?
P Q R S
a) Vulnerable Endemic Extinct Endangered
b) Endangered Vulnerable Threatened Extinct
c) Vulnerable Endangered Critically endangered Extinct
d) Endangered Critically endangered Extinct Vulnerable
37) Statement I : Project Tiger is launched to improve tiger population.
Statement II : Tiger is an endangered animal in India.
a) Both Statement I and II are correct
b) Both Statement I and II are incorrect
c) Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
d) Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
38) Statement I : Red data book has a record of endangered species.
Statement II : Endangered species are in need to be noticed.
a) Both Statement I and II are correct
b) Both Statement I and II are incorrect
c) Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect
d) Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct
39) Match the Column I with Column II and select the correct option from the codes given
below.
Column I Column II
a) Endemic species p) Species that exists in very small number
b) Endangered species q) Species found exclusively in a particular area
c) Vulnerable species r) Species that are likely to become endangered
d) Rare species t) Species mat are likely to get extinct in the near future

Online Resources:

Videos:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sZAvWUF8uBI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oqNROoKmPLU

PPT:
https://www.slideshare.net/utkarshs92/wildlife-conservation-in-indiappt
https://www.slideshare.net/prasadvagal/wildlife-in-india-32661041
 Cambridge Activity:

● Students can visit a nearby zoo and enquire about the ways wildlife is conserved and
taken care of in the zoos, as well how the zoos obtain their animals. Students can then
write a report and present it in class.