Fourth Quarter

How much do you know

Direction: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. It is a folk-religious event held annually during Holy Week on the island of Marinduque.
a. Ati-atihan b. Sinulog c. Moriones d. Kadayawan
2. It is one of the grandest, distinguished and most colorful festivals in the Philippines.
a. Ati-atihan b. Sinulog c. Moriones d. Kadayawan
3. It is a festival in Davao, celebrated during the third week of August.
a. Ati-atihan b. Sinulog c. Moriones d. Kadayawan
4. It is a festival from Kalibo, Aklan that falls on the third week of January.
a. Ati-atihan b.Ibalong c. Moriones d. Sublian
5. It is a two-weeklong celebration which culminates on the 23rd of July.
a. Ati-atihan b.Ibalong c. Moriones d. Sublian
6. The festival celebrated by the City of Legaspi, in Albay during the second week of October.
a. Ati-atihan b.Ibalong c. Moriones d. Sublian
7. It is a colorful theatrical tradition in the Philippines that describes the conflictbetween the
Muslims and Christians.
a.Moro-moro b. Sarsuwela c.Komedya d. Arakyo
8. It is a popular secular komedya which featured during te annual Santacruzan.
a.Komedya b. Arakyo c. Secular d. Religious
9. It is performed at the local fiestas. It includes Moro-moro and Tibag.
a.Komedya b. Arakyo c. Secular d. Religious
10. It portrays the clash between the Muslims and Christians where the forbidden romance
between a prince and a princess is settled by having the non- Christian be converted to
Christianity,
a.Moro-moro b. Sarsuwela c. Bodabil d. Arakyo
11. It is usually seen during church celebrations, it includes Senakulo and Siete Palabras.
a.Komedya b. Arakyo c. Secular d. Religious
12. A more sophisticated musical theater was later introduced by the Spaniards
a.Moro-moro b. Sarsuwela c. Bodabil d. Arakyo
13. It is a stage show in the Philippines which became popular during the Japanese period.
a.Moro-moro b. Sarsuwela c. Bodabil d. Arakyo
14. A play attacks social evils like usury.
a. Walang sugat b. Dalagang bukid c. Pag lipas ng dilim d. Ssndugong Panaginip
15. An entertaining love story.
a. Walang sugat b. Dalagang bukid c. Pag lipas ng dilim d. Ssndugong Panaginip

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This section aims to:

1. Identify musical characteristics of the selected Philippine festivals and theatrical forms
through video or live performances;
2. Describe the origins and cultural background of selected Philippine festival/s;
3. Describe how the music contributes to the performance of the musical production;
4. Describe how a specific idea or story is communicated through music in a particular
Philippine musical theater;
5. Improvise music accompaniment in relation to a particular Philippine festival; and
6. Performs selection/s from chosen Philippine musical theater.

Engage yourself
List at least 4 festivals we celebrate in the Philippines.

Festivals

Let’s dig deeper

Philippine Festivals

Fiesta is a part and parcel of Filipino culture. Through good times and bad times,
fiestas must always go on. Each city and barrio has at least one local festival of its own.
Usually on the feast of its patron saint. That is why, there is always a fiesta going on
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somewhere in the country. But the major and most elaborate festival of all is Christmas It is
a season celebrated with all the display and show.

Ati-atihan Festival

The Ati-atihan is a festival from Kalibo, Aklan that falls on the third week of January.
The festival honors the 13th century land deal between 10 migrating Bornean chieftains and
the indigenous Ati King Marikudo. It also honors the town patron, the infant Sto. Niño,

The celebrants paint their faces in many different ways and are dressed in the most
exceptional costumes. There is constant, rhythmic pounding of drums on the streets, inviting
everyone to shuffle their feet, to shake their heads, and to wave their hands. A familiar battle
cry, "Viva, Sto. Niño!" is often shouted. Dancing on the rhythms of the drums makes this
festival comparable with the carnival in Rio in Brazil.

Kadayawan Festival

Kadayawan is a festival in Davao City. It is celebrated during the third week of August.
It is a celebration of life, and a thanksgiving for the gifts of nature, the wealth of culture, the
bounties of harvest and the serenity of living.

Kadayawan is derived from the prehistoric word "madayaw," a warm and friendly
greeting.

The festival also focuses on the multi-colored mix of Davao and Mindanao's indigenous
communities as well as migrant settlers, whose identities make up the rich cultural heritage
of this island.

It was said that, long time ago. Davao's ethnic tribes residing at the foot of Mount Apo
would come together during a bountiful harvest. This ritual serves as their thanksgiving to
the gods particularly to the "Manama" (the Supreme Being).

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 Fruits, flowers, vegetables, rice, and corn grains were displayed on mats as villagers
give their respect and thanks for the year's abundance. Singing, dancing, and offerings to
their divine protectors are the highlights of this ritual.

Moriones Festival

The Moriones Festival is a folk-religious event held annually during Holy Week on the
island of Marinduque.

The word "morion" refers to the visor of the helmet that is associated with the armor of
Roman soliders. The word "moriones" refers to the local inhabitants who dress up in
costumes and masks of Roman soldiers during Biblical times. These costumed locals are
farmers and fishermen who engage in the street theater as a form of penitence.

For seven days, from Holy Monday to Easter Sunday, the masked and costumed
Moriones march around town scaring children and making a ruckus in a re-enactment of the
search for Longinus, the Roman centurion who pierced the side of the crucified Christ.

Sinulog Festival

The Sinulog festival is one of the grandest, most distinguished and most colorful
festivals in the Philippines. It is similar to the Ati-atihan of Kalibo, The festival is held each
year also on the third Sunday of January in Cebu City to honor the Sto. Niño, or the child
Jesus, who used to be the patron saint of the whole province of Cebu. It is fundamentally a
dance ritual which remembers the Filipino people's pagan past and their recognition of
Christianity.

The festival features some the country's most colorful displays of ceremony and
pageantry: participants clothed in bright-colored costumes dance to the rhythm of drums
and native gongs. The streets are generally lined with vendors and pedestrian all wanting to
witness the street dancing.

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Ibalong Festival

This festival is celebrated by the City of Legaspi, in Albay during the second week of
October. It recalls the region's early beginnings. A special attraction is a costume and mask
parade representing Bicol's ancient heroes such as Baltog, Handiong, and Bantong as well
as the villains from their stories

Sublian Festival

The Sublian festival is a two-weeklong celebration which culminates on the 23rd of

July. It is rooted from the Batangueños devotion to the town's patron: the Holy Cross in
Bauan and Agoncillo, and the Sto. Niño in Batangas City. This religious devotion was
translated to a dance form indigenous to Batangas: the Subli. Traditionally performed to the
accompaniment of drums and chanting, the Subli praises the patron in a combination of
poetry, movement and music.

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 Think about this

NAME: DATE:
LEVEL &
TEACHER:
SECTION:

Describe the different Philippine festivals.

Ati-atihan Kadayawan
Festival Festival

Moriones
Festival

sinulog Festival Ibalong Festival

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 Extend your understanding

NAME: DATE:
LEVEL &
TEACHER:
SECTION:

Make a mask out of paper-mache like the soldier in the Moriones festival. Take a photo
while wearing the mask, then indicate the picture on the space provided.

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 Let’s dig deeper

Komedya, More-more, and Arakyo

The Spaniards brought colorful theatrical traditions in the Philippines which the
Filipinos gladly adapted. Theaters such as the Komedya. Moro-moro, and Arakyo were
introduced to the native Filipinos.

The Komedya is a colorful theatrical tradition in the Philippines that describes the
conflicts between the Muslims and the Christians. It was used by the Spanish as a method to
spread Christianity in the country,

There were two types of Komedya. They are the following:

1. Secular Komedya is performed at the local fiestas. It includes Moro-moro and Tibag
or Arakyo

a. Moro-moro portrays the clash between the Muslims and the Christians where the
forbidden romance between a prince and a princess is settled by having the non-Christian be
converted to Christianity. It was the most popular theater performance.

b. Tibag or arakyo is a popular secular komedya which is featured during the annual
Santacruzan. The story evolves on the search for the Holy Cross by Queen Elena and her
son, Emperor Constantino.

2. Religious Komedya, also called Komedya de Santo centers on the life of Christ or of any
saint. This includes the Senakulo and Siete Palabras. It is usually seen during church
celebrations. The actors move in a stylized way, have extravagant costumes and elaborately
choreographed war scenes.

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 Extend your understanding

NAME: DATE:
LEVEL &
TEACHER:
SECTION:

Make a comparative analysis on the two types of Komedya.

Religious

secular

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 Let’s dig deeper

Sarsuwela

A more sophisticated musical theater was later Introduced by the Spaniards-the

Sarsuwela. It is a famous lyric-dramatic theater that combines singing, dancing, and
dialogue. It is comical in nature. It portrays typical Filipino stories and realities in domestic
and social relations, such as marriage and family, elections and feasts, and vices and values,
which the viewers can relate much in their lives.

Sarsuwelas were shown and performed at town fiestas where Filipino viewers go
eagerly from different parts of the province so as not to miss the stage plays. It grew from a
purely Spanish spectacle to an intrinsically Filipino art form, performed in various native
languages and dialects. During the American period, the Sarsuwela became a medium of
political protest and criticism about the colonial rule.

The rondalla serves as an accompaniment of the Sarsuwela.

The following are some examples of Philippine Sarsuwelas:

1. Sandugong Panaginip - dubbed as the first Filipino opera in Tagalog. It is a one act opera
with five schemes.

2. Walang Sugat - a Sarsuwela which talks about the Filipino's weak points

3. Paglipas ng Dilim - a play that attacks social evils like usury

4.Dalagang Bukid - an entertaining love story

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Bodabil

Bodabil is a stage show in the Philippines which became popular during the Japanese
period.

It was based on the French vaudeville. Philippine bodabil featured various forms
musical, comedy, and even magic acts, skits, monologues, and acrobatics, among others.
Vaudeville acts were first introduced to the Philippines during the American occupation and
were performed by visiting troupes. These entertainers helped make jazz and blues popular
in the country. This type of music was later on indigenized by Filipino performers, one of
whom was Luis Borromeo, a Cebuano also known as Borromeo Lou. He had returned from
America and Canada and introduced "Classic- Jazz Music in the country. It is said that he
coined the term vod-a-vil, later known as bodabil.

The stage shows began as intermission numbers in circuses or plays in local theaters,
dealing with different topics including Philippine heroes, people, and way of life. Often, the
themes of the stage shows were based on American models, but featured Philippine songs
like kundimans. During the war years, bodabil became a full length play aside from the usual
comedy and musical acts. Moreover, the shows expressed messages of encouragement for the
people disheartened by the war.

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 Think about this

NAME: DATE:
LEVEL &
TEACHER:
SECTION:

Describe the following musical theater/ stage play below.

Sarsuwela

Bodabil

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 Extend your understanding

NAME: DATE:
LEVEL &
TEACHER:
SECTION:

Draw a poster promoting any Philippine theater show. You may use the space provided
to indicate your work.

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 Check your understanding

NAME: DATE:
LEVEL &
TEACHER:
SECTION:

Identify the festival being describe in each sentence,

______________________ 1. This is a festival celebrated by the City of Legaspi, in Albay during

the second week of October.

_______________________2. This festival is similar to the Rio de Janiero.

_______________________3. This is a festival that aims to bring back the dance Subli.

_______________________4. This festival depicts the search for Longinus, the Roman centurion
who pierced the side of the crucified Christ.

_______________________5. It is a festival for good harvest.

II. Describe the following theaters.

a. Komedya

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

b. Moro-moro

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

c. Arakyo

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Sources:

Mayut, F., Zamora, C., Baardde, M. C., & San Jose - Mathews, J. (2017). Experiencing the World
of MAPEH. Quezon City, Philippines: The Inteligente Publishing, Inc.

Mayut, F., Garcia, M., Duka, C., & San Jose - Mathews, J. (2015). Soaring with MAPEH. Quezon
City, Philippines: Bright House Publishing

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