Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
DIVISION OF BATANGAS
DISTRICT OF TAYSAN
MAHANADIONG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

SCIENCE 8
Q1-Week 3
Factors Affecting Potential and Kinetic Energy

Name of Learner: _____________________________________

Grade Level: ______________________________________
Section: _______________________________________
Date: ________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Learning Competency:
Identify and explain the factors that affect potential and kinetic energy.
Background:
Energy is defined as the ability to do work. When work is being done, we say that it is kinetic energy or energy in motion. The word
“kinetic” in English comes from the Greek word kinetikos (moving). Potential energy is present when the work is waiting to be done, or when
there is the potential for work to be performed.
Directions/ Instructions
After going through with this unit, you are expected to:
1. Read and follow each direction carefully.
2. Accomplish each activity for the mastery of competency.
3. Use the Learning Activity Sheets with care.
4. Record your points for each activity.
5. Always aim to get at least 80% of the total number of given items.
Factors Affecting Potential and Kinetic Energy
In this lesson, you learn the different factors that affect potential and kinetic energy. Energy is defined as the ability to do work. When work
is being done, we say that it is kinetic energy or energy in motion. The word “kinetic” in English comes from the Greek word kinetikos
(moving). Potential energy is present when the work is waiting to be done, or when there is the potential for work to be performed. It is
affected by the mass of the objects and gravitational force. The acceleration due to gravity is 9.9 m/s 2 or rounded off as 10 m/s2. The two
objects that are in the same position have potential energy, yet an object with greater mass has greater potential energy, with respect to it
position. An object of the same mass that is placed at different position have different potential energy contained. The object at a higher
position will have a greater potential energy. Kinetic energy is the energy of motion, potential energy comes from work having been done on
an object which was then stored.

Try to get a piece of rubber band. It has potential energy relative to its position when placed in your hands. It has the gravitational potential
energy. If you zinged the rubber band from your finger, then the potential energy has been transformed into kinetic energy. While it was
stretch waiting for you to release it, it has potential energy again. It was stationary but work was done on it to move it to its present position.

More work means more energy is provided to and stored by the rubber band when it was stretched farther. When you release the rubber
band, it has more energy to move. More energy means more work can be done by the rubber band. There is a connectedness between
potential and kinetic energy. For moving objects, you can calculate kinetic energy using the formula:

KE = (mass x velocity2)/2 or 1/2 mv2

Address: Provincial Sports Complex, Bolbok, 4200 Batangas City

(043)722-1840 / 722-1796 / 722-1437 / 722-2675 / 722-1662
deped.batangas@deped.gov.ph
www.depedbatangas.org

CRN 44 100 18 93 0045

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
DIVISION OF BATANGAS
DISTRICT OF TAYSAN
MAHANADIONG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Although mass and velocity both have great effects on kinetic energy, it is velocity, more significantly, that determines kinetic energy.
Observe the picture below. Which picture of the child shows potential energy? Which of them showed kinetic energy?

The kinetic energy of a particle is a single quantity, but the kinetic energy of a system of particles can sometimes be divided into various types,
depending on the system and its motion. For example, if all the particles in a system have the same velocity, the system is undergoing
translational motion and has translational kinetic energy. If an object is rotating, it could have rotational kinetic energy, or if it’s vibrating, it could
have vibrational kinetic energy. The kinetic energy of a system, relative to an internal frame of reference, may be called internal kinetic energy.
The kinetic energy associated with random molecular motion may be called thermal energy. This various type of energy is associated that for
every kind of kinetic energy, it is the same physical quantity.

Learning Task No. 1: Analyze the picture below. Determine if it shows potential or kinetic energy. Write your
answer in your notebook.

1. pushing the hammer into the nail 2. a boy walking in the street

3. the man holds the bow and arrow 4. the arrow approaching the dart board

5. the flower vase on top of the table

Learning Task No. 2: Compare Picture A and Picture B below. Answer the guide question. Write your
answer in the space provided bellow.

Address: Provincial Sports Complex, Bolbok, 4200 Batangas City

(043)722-1840 / 722-1796 / 722-1437 / 722-2675 / 722-1662
deped.batangas@deped.gov.ph
www.depedbatangas.org

CRN 44 100 18 93 0045

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
DIVISION OF BATANGAS
DISTRICT OF TAYSAN
MAHANADIONG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Image source: https://irp-cdn.multiscreensite.com/ d4114312/files/uploaded/ SciGen_8.1_student.pdf

Guide Questions:
1. Which picture shows potential energy?

2. Which picture shows kinetic energy?

3. What factor (s) affect the potential energy?

4. What factor (s) affect kinetic energy?

Learning Task No. 3: Look at the things around you. List at least five examples of things you see around who possess potential and kinetic
energy.

Potential Energy Kinetic Energy

1. _____________________ 1. ___________________
2. _____________________ 2. ___________________
3. _____________________ 3. ___________________
4. _____________________ 4.____________________
5. _____________________ 5.____________________

Learning Task No. 4: Determine if the given situation shows potential or kinetic energy. Calculate using the formula given below.
Note: Insert a piece of paper if the space provided is not enough for you answer.
P.E. = mass x acceleration due to gravity x height
P.E. = mgh= N x h acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s2 or 10m/s2
1 Newton (N) = 1 kg x 1 m/s2 or 1 kg m/s2
KE = 1/2 mv2

1. You throw a ball with a mass of 2.1 kg. The ball leaves your hand at 30m/s. The ball has ______________ energy. Calculate it.

Address: Provincial Sports Complex, Bolbok, 4200 Batangas City

(043)722-1840 / 722-1796 / 722-1437 / 722-2675 / 722-1662
deped.batangas@deped.gov.ph
www.depedbatangas.org

CRN 44 100 18 93 0045

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
DIVISION OF BATANGAS
DISTRICT OF TAYSAN
MAHANADIONG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

2. There is a bell at the top of a tower that is 50 m high. The bell weighs 190N. The bell has ______________energy. Calculate it.

3. At what height is an object that has a mass of 56 kg if its gravitational potential energy is 9800 J?

4. There is a blender at the cabinet that is 5 m high. The blender weighs 50N. The blender has ___________ energy. Calculate it.

Reflection
Write in an INTERMEDITATE PAD OF PAPER your personal insights about the lesson by completing the following sentence
prompts. Attach it here.
I realized that _____________________________________________
References
Science G8 Learner’s Module by the Department of Education Pasig City, 4-17
The Physics Classroom, 1996-2020. Newton’s Second Law,
https://www.physicsclassroom.com/Physics-tutorial/newtlaws/Lesson-3/Newton-s –Second-Law
Physics About, 2020.Newton’s Third Law of Motion Examples in Daily Life. https://physicsabout.com/
newtons-3rd-law/
Science G8 Learner's Module, Teachers' Guide Department of Education

Prepared by:

EDIE LYN L. CATAPANG

Grade 8- Science Teacher

Address: Provincial Sports Complex, Bolbok, 4200 Batangas City

(043)722-1840 / 722-1796 / 722-1437 / 722-2675 / 722-1662
deped.batangas@deped.gov.ph
www.depedbatangas.org

CRN 44 100 18 93 0045