Learnings on the Topic midterm week 1 to 3

On week 1 and 2, I’ve learned what Transistor are, and how does it work, to stick
to the very basics, let me provide you a brief explanation of what a transistor is. It
is a three terminal semiconductor device that can be used either as an electronic
switch or as an amplifier. As a switch, consider it like a pipe with a flow tap
provided on its path. That's how a transistor also works. The path between collector
and emitter is blocked by a valve like part called a base. Any small current
provided to the base opens up the path for current flow between collector and
emitter. It works like a switch here. This is what you’ve have thought us on our
laboratory time. And for the amplifier, since a small current provided between two
terminals (base and emitter) could provide a higher current between other two
terminals (collector and emitter) it can be used as an electronic amplifier to amplify
the signals.

On week 3, its more on construction, operation, application, and checking of

transistors. A transistor conducts current across the collector-emitter path only
when a voltage is applied to the base. When no base voltage is present, the switch
is off. When base voltage is present, the switch is on. Transistor will be in OFF
(cutoff) when the input Vin equal to zero. During this state transistor acts as an
open circuit and thus the entire voltage Vcc will be available at collector.
Transistor will become ON (saturation) when a sufficient voltage V is given to
input. During this condition the Collector Emitter voltage Vce will be
approximately equal to zero. the transistor acts as a short circut. Thus, collector
current Ic = Vcc/Rc will flow. To make it easier to understand Transistor logic
gate, we need to use Binary number. when a switch is ON it is “1”, When a switch
is OFF it is “0”, If you have 2 relays with their normally open contacts connected
in series, it will be an AND gate. If you connect their normally open contacts in
parallel, it becomes an OR gate.