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Skull Crusher-50
for JEE (Advanced) - (Class XI)
Physics

Chapter Name : Thermal Properties of Matter, Thermodynamics

Topic Name : Thermal Expansion, Heat Transfer, Thermodynamic Processes

1. A horizontal rod (length L, mass m, cross section A, coefficient of linear expansion ) fits exactly (without
tension) between two rigid vertical supports. Choose the correct option(s)(Y is the Young’s modulus of the
rod’s material)

(1) Since the length of rod cannot increases beyond L, on increasing its temperature by , the effect of
thermal expansion is neutralized by compressive forces developed by the wall
(2) If the walls and rod are rough with mutual friction coefficient , then increment in temperature  of the
mg
rod, required to prevent the rod from falling is  =
2YA
(3) If the walls and rod are rough with mutual friction coefficient , then increment in temperature  of the
mg
rod, required to prevent the rod from falling is  =
4YA
(4) The stress developed in wire is Y
2. A 100 cm long cylindrical flask with inner and outer radius r1 = 2 cm and r2 = 4 cm respectively, is completely
filled with ice at 0°C as shown in the figure. The constant temperature outside (surrounding) the flask is
40°C. Assume heat exchange occurs only through the curved surface of the flask. (Thermal conductivity
of the flask is 0.693 W/m°C, Lice = 80 cal/gm). Choose the correct option(s) (Use 1 cal = 4.2 J)

(1) Rate of heat flow from surrounding to the flask is 80 J/s

(2) The rate at which ice melts is Kg/s approx.
4200
(3) The rate at which ice melts is 100 Kg/s
(4) Rate of heat flow from surrounding to the flask is 40 J/s

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Skull Crusher-50 for JEE (Advanced) - (Class XI) Physics

3. For a diatomic molecule, the rotational kinetic energy at a given temperature

(1) Obeys Maxwell's distribution
(2) Is 2KT where K : Boltzmann's constant, T : Temperature
(3) Is equal to translational KE of each molecule
2
(4) Is rd of translational KE of each molecule
3
4. The filament of a light bulb has surface area 64 mm 2. The filament can be considered as a black body
at temperature 2500 K emitting radiation like a point source when viewed from far. At night the light bulb
is observed from a distance of 100 m. Assume the pupil of the eyes of the observer to be circular with
radius 3 mm. Then
(Take Stefan-Boltzmann constant = 5.67 × 10 –8 Wm–2K–4, Wien’s displacement constant = 2.90 × 10–3 m-K,
Planck’s constant = 6.63 × 10–34 Js, speed of light in vacuum = 3.00 × 108 ms–1)
(1) Power radiated by the filament is in the range 642 W to 645 W
(2) Radiated power entering into one eye of the observer is in the range 3.15 × 10–8 W to 3.25 × 10–8 W
(3) The wavelength corresponding to the maximum intensity of light is 1160 nm
(4) Taking the average wavelength of emitted radiation to be 1740 nm, the total number of photons
entering per second into one eye of the observer is in the range 2.75 × 1011 to 2.85 × 1011
Paragraph for Q. Nos. 5 and 6
In the figure, a container is shown to have a movable (without friction) piston on top. The container and the
piston are all made of perfectly insulation material allowing no heat transfer between outside and inside
the container. The container is divided into two compartments by a rigid partition made of a thermally
conducting material that allows slow transfer of heat. The lower compartment of the container is filled with
2 moles of an ideal monatomic gas at 700 K and the upper compartment is filled with 2 moles of an ideal
 
diatomic gas at 400 K. The heat capacities per mole of an ideal monatomic gas are CV = R, CP = R,
2 2
5 7
and those for an ideal diatomic gas are CV = R, CP = R .
2 2

5. Consider the partition to be rigidly fixed so that it does not move. When equilibrium is achieved, the final
temperature of the gases will be
(1) 550 K (2) 525 K
(3) 513 K (4) 490 K
6. Now consider the partition to be free to move without friction so that the pressure of gases in both
compartments is the same. The total work done by the gases till the time they achieve equilibrium will be
(1) 250R (2) 200R
(3) 100R (4) –100R
  

Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005, Phone : 011-47623456 [2]
Physics Skull Crusher-50 for JEE (Advanced) - (Class XI)

Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005, Phone : 011-47623456

Skull Crusher-50
for JEE (Advanced) - (Class XI)
Physics

1. Answer (1, 2, 4)
Let L1 be the final length of rod in case of free expansion, on increasing its temperature by 
 L1 = L(1 + )

Due to wall length of rod does not increase

L1 – L L
 Strain in rod = =
L1 L(1 + )

As  is very small,

So strain in rod = 
 Using Hooke's law
Stress in rod = Y strain = Y
Let FC be the compressive force by wall

 FC = stress × cross-sectional area = YA

FBD of rod

mg
For equilibrium of rod, 2fr = mg  fr =
2
As fsmax  FC = YA

mg
As fr  fsmax   YA
2
mg
  
2YA

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Skull Crusher-50 for JEE (Advanced) - (Class XI) Physics

2. Answer (1, 2)
Let P0 be the rate of heat flow from surrounding to flask.

Let us consider a cylindrical shell of radius r and thickness dr and T, T + dT be the temperature at inner
surface of this shell and outer surface of the shell.

dT
 P0 = k (2rl )
dr

Here l is length of cylinder

r2 40
dr
 P0  = 2kl  dT
r1
r 0

r2
 P0 ln = 2kl  40
r1

2kl  40
 P0 =
r
ln 2
r1

Putting k = 0.693, l = 1

r2 = 4 cm r1 = 2 cm

2  0.693  1 40
P0 = = 80 J/sec
ln2

Let dm mass of ice melts in dt time

dm
Lice = P0
dt

dm 80 
 = gm/s = kg/s
dt 80  4.2 4200

3. Answer (1, 4)

We know rotation degree of freedom of diatomic molecule, fR = 2

Translational degree of freedom of diatomic molecule, fT = 3

Using equipartition theory

fR 2
Rotational kinetic energy, KR = KT = KT = KT
2 2

Here K is Boltzmann's constant and T is temperature

3
Translational kinetic energy of each molecule = KT
2

23 
As  KT  = KT
32 

2
 Translational K.E. of each molecule = Rotational K.E. of each molecule
3

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Physics Skull Crusher-50 for JEE (Advanced) - (Class XI)

4. Answer (2, 3, 4)
Let P be the power radiated by the filament.

Using Stefan-Boltzmann law

P = AT4

= 5.67 × 10–8 × 64 × 10–6 × (2500)4

= 141.75 W

Let I be intensity of radiation at a distance, r = 100 m, from filament

P 141.75
 I= = = 1.13 × 10–3 W/m2
4r 2
4  (100)2

Let Eeye be the radiation power entering into one eye.

( )
 Eeye = I  re2 = I × ( × 9 × 10–6) = 3.2 × 10–8 W

Let m be wavelength corresponding to maximum intensity light.

Using Wien's displacement law

b 2.90  10 −3
m = = = 1160 nm
T 2500

Let Nphotons be the total number of photons entering per second into one eye

E 3.2  10−8  1740  10−9

Nphotons = = = 2.8  1011
 he  6.63  10−34  3  108
  
 

So, correct answer (2, 3, 4)

Solution For paragraph Question 5 and 6

5. Answer (4)

Gas in upper compartment expand through isobaric process.

Let Q1, Q2 be amount of heat taken by gas in upper compartment and heat released by gas in lower
compartment.

As there is no exchange of heat between given system and surrounding. Let T be the equilibrium
temperature of gas.

 Q2 = Q1

 n2CV(T – 700) = n1CP(400 – T)

Here n1 and n2 be the number of moles of gas in upper and lower compartment.

3R 7R
 2 (T − 700) = 2  (−T + 400)
2 2

 6T − 6  700 − 14T + 400  14

 5600 + 4200 = 20T

 T = 490 K

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Skull Crusher-50 for JEE (Advanced) - (Class XI) Physics

6. Answer (4)
When partition is free to move, then gas in both compartment changes through isobaric process.
Also heat loss by gas in lower compartment = Heat gain by gas in upper compartment

 n1CP (T − 700) = n2CP (400 − T )

1 2

5R 7R
 2 (T − 700) = 2  (400 − T )
2 2

5T − 3500 = 2800 − 7T

 12T = 3500 + 2800

6300
T = = 525
12
Now taking both gas as a system

As Q = 0
So using first law of thermodynamics,

Q = U + W

 –W = U
= n1CV1 (525 − 700) + n2CV2 (525 − 400)

3R 5R
= −2   175 + 2   125
2 2
 –W = –525R + 625R

 W = –100R

  

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