Switchqear andPsotection

Assianment
veactance

the base MVA be MVA the per unit eactod

veactos
Let of the
be 0 1S pu dnd thot
Of the generato
0:/x 8/5 0:16 pu

The eguwvalent circuit is a s shown below

31S
j0:15 xjo
couivalent impedance Zeg
=

The
j 0 465
j Olo16129

breaker
ciycwt capa city of the civcwt
Short -

Bare MVA 78 73 MVA ( Ans)

j0 1016129
Zeq
Zea0:1S 01S 015n

EJ016Ej0-6 016

e ISJ
jO:1S5

o16
2.i) Dxaw the tusdent - time chaactesistbics ofa fuse
Cuden
n

amperesS

200 Fuse
00A Fuse
60 A Fuse
MinImM Curren
e Fut

Cusvent- t m e
7ime n seconde
of a fuse
ChaYactesistics

Wite full fooms of ReCB ELCB whveh one of

i and which one 0f these
is
these s volt age opexate
Cuvet opesáteod ?
Residua Cuxrent
Ciscuvt Boeoke
RCCB = Ciscuit Breakes
ELCB Easth Leakage
isa curent opexated device
RCCB device
ELCB is a voltage operated
MCCB
)write one diffevence
betuween MCB and

MCB MCCB
MCCB is mainty used
) MCB ismainly use d
fod low BstaKing for both low an high
Capa city vegwvemént
Bre ca Kin g cap auty.
mainly adom stie reGuiëments munly
instust1a
3what is an charatteristic ? Exp lain how
IDMT
this is achievead in psactic c
6e
9Ldead inverse hme characteris tics cannot
velay: Hs the cuent n
aChieved,in an ovexcurent of the
the secohdary cuoent
the system inceases, propertionalg
t r a n s t o m e is increased
curvent t e relay
cusrentcoil|
CUYCnt entes
The secondaxy there wduld
saturatr ,
the C7 b e c m e s e C7
But when o a t i o n a s hrease
not bea furthex
poop culroeAt
wth ince ased system
secmelary cusrent thut
that fom txick
hom tick
itis clear
From thir phenomenn,
nvexse
an
rangeof taulty leve,
Value to certain chanelcsistie
inverse
s h o u s Spefic
time velay the CT b
the C7 ecomes
becmnes
this levelcf tault,
But after not i n c e a s e
c u s r c n t oloes
Saturcted ahd velay level of the system
tauulty
further with increds ing not mcreases further
urrent oes
time
As the relay Teduction in
be any further
a s thd|
there wou ld not w e de fine this time
in the rélay
of operation the charattensic
time of Operatin Hence,
which tends to
minimum a

in the intia part utnt|

i ineveTe t m e a s the eurrtnt|
opexating
definite minim um why the relcy is
high . e 7 h a t is time dier
becomes very finite minimtm
ole
Teterred as n ve rse
Cusret sela. of Buchholz
ofoperation
DescTibe the prin cipaf
Tela The ope Yation of Buchholz relay is as

the
followJs||
faults within
t
i) In case of in cip1en tault Ceuses
tauut couses
the
t he
the heat due to 7he maun
tsansfomeY, tansfoTmer oil in
of Some moxt
de com posit ion of decomposition
contaun
tonk The prd oducts
than 7o V. of hydrog en2as
The hydoo gen 2as
 to qo nto the consey vesator and
being light taies
t h e 7otess qets entrapped in the upped padt
In
when a prede te gmin ed am ount||
af rela cham ber. i e x e y t s Sufierent
acCumulated
ofqasgets cause it
to tilt
on the float tó
psessue of meicusy
Swttc
chh Swi

and close the cohEac ts alam

This comple t e s t h e
attached to it
alasm.
civcuit to sound
an

fault occurs
in the trans foYmer,
If a sexious in
in amount o f gas
is 9enerateel

a n en0Xm Ous
in main tonk
the main
the
tank
7he oi
the man tank ( o n s e v v a t o s via
he
the tlap
Tushes
towards
so tils t h e
and in doing
Buchholz relay o f mercury
suwItCh

con tac ts Open the

the
to close the opeh
C i v c u t to
tes the tnp the
tsansformeY

This comple c o n t o lling

BreakeY
Civuu't two types
Ofany
.i) aWxite the causes two tpes
of

Yolta4e
and ony
over
intexna
extetnal ovefvoltaae

Intexnal oveavo ltage effects.

Resonance ef fects.
ing susge (
Switch OResto7kbng
Insul ation Failu re Atmospheve
ightning,
Extesna ovetvo ltage due to
Causes etc.
)wsitea short note on earthin scTeen
T h e powey s tation s and sub-
staations geherally||
c a l be
Statns tecteol poo
house eguwpment hese
stro kes by povvidin
again st i c t lightning
TE consi's ts of a networkof
easthing sCrecn ovex the
electNca
mounted all
COppey C M o l u u t o s S u b - s t a t i m o r powey s tatron
in the
eq wpment stoke o n the
sta tin
of dive ct
On the o c c u s e n c e
On
v e s s tan c e path by whic
h
S c e e n povides a low
are codueted
to 20ounol
ightning susges damage
he
is p1btevtea against
Station cguipment provide
method is t h a t i t doc not
limitation of this which r a
waves
the tavelling
protcction against
in the s Station
Teach the eguipment