Name: Robiul Islam Akash

Section: Q2154
Registration No: 12110909
Roll No:- A13
Assignment:- 02

Q01:- Critically analyse the case study and prepare

a summary?
The shipping container the Ever Given that ran aground in the southern part of the Suez Canal,
which separates Africa from the Middle East and Asia, is still blocking one of the busiest trade
routes in the world, causing tailbacks for the ships behind it. The 200,000-tonne ship operated
by Taiwanese company Evergreen Marine is one of the world’s biggest container vessels with
a length of four football pitches and can carry around 20,000 containers.
After the rare transportation issue occurred on Tuesday at the Suez Canal, which sees about
12% of total global trade moving through it, the prolonged event is spiralling into a global crisis
as the blockage is still delaying many oil and gas tankers. Multiple laden vessels have been
indicating delays for Suez transit. There were seven vessels carrying crude, 15 carrying refined
products, five liquefied natural gas (LNG) vessels, and two liquefied petroleum gas carriers,
either waiting or approaching the canal. Attempts to clear the ship from the canal have been
ongoing with a salvage squad from the Netherlands attempting to dislodge the ship since
Thursday. Multiple methods are being tried as part of the ongoing operations, including tugs
to pull and push the ship, dredging sand and silt, and lightening the load on board.
While concentrated efforts to free the ship are being made, they have made little progress so
far and experts predict that it could take weeks to remove the Ever Given.
The stranded container ship is usually carrying up to an estimated $9.6bn of goods each day,
according to shipping data. In comparison, figures from shipping expert Lloyd’s List estimate
the canal’s westbound traffic at about $5.1bn per day and the eastbound daily traffic at around
$4.5bn, highlighting the vast economic impact of the blockage.
The major issues for the fail are:
• The deficiency of the holders in all probability happened during a time of weighty
contributing and frame vibration the early morning of 30 October;
• Blend of variables brought about a deficiency of trustworthiness for the entire deck
freight sound; specifically, the holders were not stashed or protected as per the freight
getting manual;
 • The compartment lashings probably won't have been gotten accurately

The learnings:
• Stowage plans produced ashore;
• Knowledge of the dangers of bow flare slamming;
• Lashing gear maintenance management.

Q02:- What are the lapses which lead to the major

loss to the liner company and its customers?

The container shipping industry consists of shipping companies transporting containerized

goods overseas via regular liner services as their core activity. Container liner services are
focused explicitly on transporting a limited range of standardized load units, mainly the twenty-
foot dry cargo container or TEU of 20-feet long and the 40-foot dry cargo container or FEU
(40′ long). The United Kingdom government agency said that a combination of factors resulted
in a loss of integrity for the whole deck cargo bay; in particular, the boxes were not stowed or
secured in accordance with the cargo securing manual. In addition, the container lashings might
not have been secured correctly, said the accident report. That conclusion was reached by the
investigators even though they acknowledged that "The crew had checked the ship’s stability
status and cargo lashing arrangements and the ship’s pre-departure checklist had been
completed," reported MAIB. The master had changed the ship’s passage plan to avoid severe
weather caused by a developing depression east of Japan, according to the report. However,
the boxship continued its voyage in heavy seas; rolling and pitching heavily with frequent bow
flare slamming. Throughout the day, Ever Smart continued to pitch heavily and roll to about
10º to 12º, detailed the investigation. It also shuddered with vibration every 10 to 15 minutes.
The ship’s course was maintained, and engine speed was kept at 78rpm. Once the weather had
abated, the crew discovered that the container stacks on the aft most bay had collapsed and
toppled to port. Of the 151 containers in the stow, 42 were lost overboard and 34 were damaged.
In addition, superficial damage was caused to the ship. Container shipping is a highly capital-
intensive industry where some assets are owned, others are leased, and where there exists a
wide variability in cost bases. While it only contributes to about 16% of the volumes carried
by maritime shipping, it accounts for more than half of the value carried.
Q03:- Discuss if the crew was trained to handle such
incidents?
Dual purpose training for ships’ officers has been developing in several traditional maritime
countries in line with integrated operation on merchant vessels. Since steam propulsion was
introduced on board, merchant vessels have had a division of two departments, a deck and an
engine department. Deck officers take care of navigation of a ship and cargo handling while
engineering officers look after operation and maintenance of onboard machinery. Two different
ship’s officers require different knowledge and competence, and therefore different training
programs at MET institutions. If the crew had worked efficiently, such an issue could have
been avoided, the issues in the lashing, stowage plan, and improper utilization of facilities
available including the computers lead to such a huge loss. If they were well trained to cater
with such situations, such a myriad loss could have been avoided. The master’s course and
speed alterations during the voyage to avoid the worst of the weather and reduce hull vibrations
were effective. But the team failed at stowing the containers properly according the weight and
characteristics of containers, the lashing were done not according to the instructions and
guidelines.

Q04:- What is the Role of Cargo Handling in liner

shipping? Improper loading & norms negligence had
resulted in the loss to Ever Smart Discuss
A commercial ship is usually a link in a “trade route” between distant points. Goods flowing
in the route must be transferred to and from the sea link; they must also be given care while
aboard the ship, and in turn they must not be a hazard to the ship and its crew. Many port and
harbour operations prove to be detrimental to the marine environment. While it is assumed that
the impact is insignificant in the short term, the effects of the same are accumulated over time
and often spiral out of control many years later. Some of the methods to address such a situation
pertaining to cargo handling and the impact of it on the marine environment are as follows:
• Company’s and IMO’s policies on management systems and environment protection
(An Environmental Management System (EMS) is a structure designed to implement
and establish a working environmental policy.Shipboard EMS Team is to be made
responsible for identifying and monitoring any specific legal, regulatory and other
relevant requirements and guidelines pertaining to the environmental programme)
• Adherence to MARPOL Annexes
• Having solid emergency response procedures in place
• Carrying out any cargo handling activities keeping in mind its effect on the immediate
marine environment (for example, a sensitive zone will call for a more stringent
approach towards handling than one that isn’t)
• Protection of intertidal features using breakwaters and other structures
• Carry maximum capacity which will result in less fuel consumption per cargo unit
 • High capacity Loading and Unloading Operation on port to reduce ship stay time
resulting in less emission on ports
• Quick turnaround time will ensure slow steaming at sea hence less emission
• Efficient cargo handling means safer and easier cargo operation and monitoring.
Technology with advanced software tools are used for the same along with
sophisticated equipment.
• Use of eco and user friendly cargo handling products
• Well trained shore and ship staff who concerned about safety and environment

With respect to the marine environment, the sector where the shipping industry must
concentrate more is Cargo Handling, whose efficient operation can drastically reduce any
adverse impact to the marine environment. For example, a well planned cargo operation both
in port and on ship can reduce the level of emission from the ship’s machinery resulting in
reduced energy consumption per transported unit. During cargo handling operations in ports
and harbours discharges and emissions can and do occur, often accidentally. Dry bulk cargoes
such as grain/coal/iron ore/sulphur/cement clinker usually give out a lot of dust which can pose
a threat to the personnel as well as the environment. Liquid bulks that are handled/transported
via pipelines may carry the hazard of static sparks, spillage and/or emissions which, again, is
detrimental to the environmental safety around it. Such hazards associated with the cargoes
must be minimised by maximising efficient cargo handling. In the case of Ever smart, the loss
is majorly incurred due to the improper stowage plan and negligence in the loading. Lashing
were not done properly and the stowage plan was not according to the instructions and
guidelines those are to be followed while stowing and lashing the containers.