IMPORTANT CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS OF INDIA

Amendment YEAR DESCRIPTION

number
1st 1951 •9th schedule included
Amendment •Any provision in this cannot be challenged under judicial review
•Reasonable restrictions expanded

4th 1955 Govt can give any amount of compensation on over taking a private
Amendment property, the property may be taken forcefully, the land owner shall
agree the given amount
th
7 1956 •The states were reclassified into states or UTs
Amendment •Extension of HCs to UTs
•Common HCs for 2 or more states
th
9 1960 Schedule 2 was amended and the Berubari union WB, was given to
Amendment Pakistan (now Bangladesh)
10th 1961 Dadra & Nagar Haveli became UT after liberation from Portuguese
Amendment
12th 1962 Goa & Daman & Due became UT after liberation from Portuguese
Amendment
13th 1962 Nagaland was given statehood
Amendment
14th 1962 Puducherry became a UT after being liberated from the French
Amendment
18th 1966 Punjab and Haryana were a single state called the PEPSU, were
Amendment given separate statehood, this made clear about the power of the
(Indira parliament to make a separate state also includes power to form a
Gandhi) new state or UT by uniting parts of two different UTs or states
21st 1967 Sindhi added in the 8th schedule
Amendment
(Indira)
24th 1971 •Article 368 amended
Amendment •FRs can also be amended from now
(Indira) •From now the President shall have to assent a constitutional bill
th
26 1971 Privy Purse abolished (pension to former Princes and former rulers
Amendment for princely)
(Indira)

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31st 1973 LS seats increased from 525 to 545
Amendment
(Indira)
35th 1974 •Sikkim was a protected state which now became associate state
Amendment •10th schedule included
(Indira)
36th 1975 •Sikkim became a state
Amendment •10th schedule abolished
(Indira)
38th 1975 The proclamation of emergency was no longer justifiable by the SC
Amendment from now.
(Indira)
39th 1975 •Negate the judgement of Allahabad HC judgement invaliding PM
Amendment Indria Gandhi’s election to parliament.
(Indira) •This amendment placed restrictions judicial review on elections in
the post of PM
•Article 329A was stuck down by the SC in the case of state of UP v
Raj Narain 1972, violation of basic structure of the constitution
nd
42 1976 This amendment was called the MINI CONSTITUTION!
Amendment •Edited Preamble and added SOCIALIST, SECULAR AND INTEGRITY
(Indira) •Added fundamental duties in Part IV “A” article 51A.
•Also added President should be bound by the aid and advice of the
Cabinet of Minister.
•Court cannot declare any amendment unconstitutional.
•Prime minister tenure was increased to 6 years.
•Gave DPSP power above Fundamental Rights.
•If Parliament makes “anti-nationalist law”, then it will be put
above Fundamental Rights.
• New directive principles were added: -
-Equal justice and free legal aid
-Participation of worker in management of industry
-Protection of environment, forest & wildlife
•Increased the tenure of state emergency from 6 months to 1 year
•Gave center the power to send armed forces in any state if found
•infringement of law and order
•Edited the state list and added that in concurrent list.
• Corium requirement was abolished.
•Created All India judicial services.
43rd 1977 •Amendment passed after revocation of the internal emergency
Amendment •Repealed some of the “anti-freedom” reforms that has been
(Janta Dal) inserted through the 42nd amendment
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44th 1976 •Restored original term of Lok Sabha
Amendment •Restore aid and advice of President
(Janta Dal) •Changed emergency rule and changed word “internal disturbance”
with “armed rebellion”.
•President to declare emergency in written recommendation of
cabinet.
•Right to Property no longer a fundamental right.
•Article 20 and 21 will not be terminated while in emergency.
•Restored corium requirement
•SC can review election of PM, president, Vice president, Lok Sabha
th
48 1978 Article 356 amended to permit President’s rule up to two years in
Amendment the state of Punjab
(Janta Dal)
52nd 1985 Anti-defection Law- Provide disqualifications of members from
Amendment parliament and assemblies in case of defection from 1 party to
another. 10th schedule again added consisting the anti-defection
laws
th
58 1987 Constitution was translated in Hindi and launched
Amendment
61st 1989 Reduced voting age from 21 to 18 years of age
Amendment
65th 1990 National commission for ST & SC was separated into two different
Amendment commissions of ST and SC
th
68 1991 Article 356 amended to permit president’s rule up to 5 years in the
Amendment state of Punjab
th
69 1991 National Capital Territory of Delhi was provided a legislative
Amendment assemble and Counsil of ministers
st
71 1992 Konkani, Manipur, Nepali included in the 8th schedule
Amendment
73rd 1992 Statutory provisions for Panchayati raj as third level of
Amendment administration in villages
th
74 1992 Statutory provision of local administrative body as third level of
Amendment administration in urban areas such as towns & cities

77th 1993 A technical amendment to protect reservation to SC & ST employees

Amendment in promotion
nd
82 2000 Permit relaxation in qualifying marks and other criteria in
Amendment reservation in promotion of SC & ST candidates
th
86 2002 •Provide Right to Education to children below the age of 14 years
Amendment •Article 21A included, right to education
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 •Article 61A fundamental duty added
•Provide early childhood care until the age of 6
st
91 2003 The total number of ministers including the Prime Minster, in the
Amendment council of ministers shall not exceed 15% of the total number of
members of the Lok Sabha
nd
92 2003 Bodo, Dogri, Maithili, Santali has been included in the 8th schedule
Amendment
93rd 2005 Socially Educationally Backward Classes (SEBC) to get reservation in
Amendment private educational institutes.
th
96 2011 8th schedule amended, the spelling of the language “Oriya” was
Amendment changed to “Odia” (Oriya to Odia)
th
97 2011 •Freedom to make cooperative societies was made a fundamental
Amendment right
•DPSP came for co-operative societies
•Part IX B was introduced for multi-state cooperative societies
•BUT later the part which deals with state co-operative societies has
been declared unconstitutional, and the part which deals with multi-
state cooperative societies has been declared constitutional

99th 2014 National Judicial Appointment Commission (NJAC) came, then

Amendment declared unconstitutional
(Modi)
100th 2014 India exchanged some land (enclaves) with Bangladesh which lies on
Amendment the international boundary
101st 2017 GST was introduced
Amendment
102nd 2018 National Commission for Backward Class (NCBC) got constitutional
Amendment status in the article 338B
103rd 2019 •10% reservation was given to Economically Weaker Section
Amendment •EWS introduced
104th 2020 •Reservation policy for SC & ST was increased from 70 years to 80
Amendment years
•Reservation for Anglo Indian community in Lok Sabha was
abolished
105th 2021 Now state can determine who belongs to OBC in their own state.
Amendment

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