Names: Ipiales Jhuly and Yacelga Dilka

TIMELINE OF ETHICS
Main representatives
Old Age A.C – 476 D.C

The sophists thought that people should

use knowledge to improve themselves they also
485 - 411 B.C
developed the art of oratory of public speaking and
debating, they believed that there was no absolute right or SOPHISTS
wrong.
The influence today is that they use it in political
debates,moral value and individual actions.

Socrates believed that there was an absolute right or

468 - 399 B.C wrong, he considered that the human being tends to the
good and that all vice is a product of ignorance, he
believed that love, goodness and ethics were based on
SOCRATES universal definitions.
He created the Socratic method, which was based on
learning new things only by asking questions and taking
into account different options.
The Socratic method influenced teachers to interact with
their students considering that ethics was of great
importance.

428 - 347 B.C

He rejected the idea of democracy as a form of
government, believing that philosopher-kings should
rule the world. He described his ideal vision of how
government. PLATO
He introduced the idea that government should be
just and fair.
His idea influenced that today's governments should
be fair and just to the people.

He believed that observation and comparison were

384 - 322 B.C necessary to gain knowledge.
He wrote more than 200 books on philosophy and
science, he considered that man is an international
ARISTOTLE being, he acts to achieve ends.
He divided all governments into three basic types and
his writings helped shape our Constitution.

The most basic proposition of Epicurean ethics holds

that pleasure is the beginning and end of a happy life. 371 - 270 B.C
Epicurus taught his students that happiness was the
goal of life.
The influence preaches that the ultimate goal of life is EPICURUS
a sense pleasure.

300 B.C - Stoic ethics proposes to live according to the rational

nature of the human being that will lead him to avoid
200 A.C passions to achieve "apathy", a characteristic of a
happy life, that is to say, that happiness came from
STOICS following reason, not emotions, emotions come and
go and are unreliable.
The Stoics put duty above feelings or comfort.
Today "stoic" is used to describe people who are not
much affected by joy or sorrow.

354 - 430 A.C

The ethics of St. Augustine is based on love, a love that
is given by God and that man can only find in himself,
He developed the Platonic idea of the rational soul into
AGUSTINE OF
a Christian vision, adapted classical thought to
Christian teaching, and created a powerful theological HIPPO
system of lasting influence.
Today man believes he finds love first in himself
through God.
 1224 - 1274
It fully recovers Aristotelian ethics, but also integrates
an ethics of law. The only human action that can be
moral is that which has knowledge and will. ST THOMAS
It produced a complete synthesis of Christian theology
and Aristotelian philosophy of Christian theology and OF AQUINAS
Aristotelian philosophy that influenced Roman
Catholic doctrine for centuries and was adopted as the
official philosophy of the church in 1919. for centuries
and was adopted as the official philosophy of the
church in 1917.

1588 - 1679
Hobbes' philosophical thought is defined by being
framed in mechanistic materialism, a current that says
that there is only one "body" and denies the existence of
THOMAS the soul. He also says that man is governed by the laws
HOBBE of the Universe.

Thomas is probably most famous for having argued that

subjects owe obedience to whoever can guarantee
peace and order.

Ethics is based on a primitive datum: duty depends on

the form, on the imperative considering itself,
independent of any good, of any content. 1724 - 1804
His greatest contribution was his moral theory,
deontology, which judges actions according to
IMMANUEL
whether they adhere to a valid norm and not the result KANT
of the action.

Individual freedom ends where the freedom of others

begins.

In his ethical theory, he reduced the motives of behavior

to pleasure and pain; morality, to the useful act
1748 - 1832 (Utilitarianism). Morality, according to Bentham, can be
calculated mathematically as a balance of satisfaction
JEREMY and suffering.
BENTHAM He argues that utilitarians focus on the consequences of
an act rather than its intrinsic nature; he argues that
actions should be judged right or wrong to the extent
that they increase human welfare.
He is now known primarily for his moral philosophy,
especially his principle of utilitarianism, which evaluates
actions in terms of their consequences.

Marxist ethics is based on the conception of man as a

concrete, social and historical being, on the 1818 - 1883
materialistic view of history, Marx rejected the idea that
moral norms have a divine source and are imposed on
human society. KARL MARX
The influential contribution so far is that morality has to
control human desires to avoid social conflict.

1844 - 1900 Nietzsche's ethics of power and superman promotes

self-realization, the power of each person to develop
his capacities and to be aware of his instincts as
FRIEDRICH motivations to exist in the world.
NIETZSCHE

Nowadays this thought is very much seen since the

human being must be self-realized if he decides he
can strive, overcome and motivate himself to fulfill his
objectives.

Moral development through experience led Dewey to

speak of the emergence of a common faith, or moral
conscience common to the whole of society, ultimately 1859 - 1952
giving rise to democracy itself; he ends up assuming
that this is the source of moral standards of conduct JOHN DEWEY
Dewey held that ethical inquiry is the use of reflective
intelligence to review our judgments in light of the
consequences of acting on them.
Dewey's philosophy could provide moral criteria by
which the alleged goods that are currently intended to
be evaluated.
For Dussel, the Politics of Liberation is not a policy of
non-reformist transformation, but a practical philosophy,
1934 that is, an ethic that develops a policy as a first and
practical philosophy that analyzes the criteria and
ENRIQUE principles that underlie the necessary "transformation of
DUSSEL the world". ” from their victims.
The principles of Liberation Ethics move us towards self-
realization, autonomy, responsibility and recognition of
difference.

Sartre upholds the positions of pure subjectivity. The

main category of morality is freedom, which, when
studied on the basis of individual consciousness,
1905 - 1980
appears as the essence of human behavior, as the JEAN PAUL
source of activity and the only possibility of man's
existence.
SARTRE
His contributions to ethics believe that if man is aware of
his human condition, this will lead him to make
decisions that are good not only for him but for all
mankind.
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