EMP Q5: Artificial Intelligence in PT Education ● Revolution is an extension of evolution

● Continuously, we notice normal changes that are

and Practice happening, but sometimes you have to go beyond the
usual normal evolution to continuously evolve, adapt &
OUTLINE
survive
I. Topic 1 ● Dying point is equivalent to the failure point in the stress
A. Subtopic A strain curve
B. Subtopic B ● Once you reach the dying point, that’s when you know to
II. Topic 2 stop relying on evolution, and go onto revolution

LECTURE | RECORDING | BOOK | IMPORTANT | MNEMONICS Industrial Revolution

Speaker: Ms. Catherine Joy Escuadra ● A lot of revolutions have already happened throughout
history
INTRODUCTION

● Change is usually correlated with revolution & evolution

● Evolution & revolution are complementary concepts in
terms of advancement or change

REVOLUTION & EVOLUTION AS THE STRESS STRAIN

CURVE

● If we want to increase the level of flexibility, there should be

stress to obtain a new ROM
● Limitation: Failure point → exerting more effort leads to injury
● Changes in the industry are affected by invention &
○ Main difference from the concept of evolution 7
creation of different materials that made the process in
revolution
the industry change for the better

1st INDUSTRIAL 1784 Mechanization

REVOLUTION Steam Power

Process/practice of how everyone

lived was changed d/t steam engines

2nd 1870 Mass production

INDUSTRIAL Assembly Line
REVOLUTION Division of Labor

Creation of electricity & combustion

engines made transportation easier
3rd INDUSTRIAL 1969 Automation
REVOLUTION Electronics
Computers
Start of the digital revolution (internet,
computers) which made processes
more efficient
4th INDUSTRIAL Today CPS
REVOLUTION Internet of Things
Networks
Extension of the digital revolution
wherein aside from the development
of computers, there are more
advanced computers that make
processes more faster & efficient for
different disciplines & fields
● Initially was not used in many
fields
Most important industrial revolution
for healthcare, because the initial
revolutions are more concerned of
transpo, continuous labor
Changed not just the process but also
how we view the world
Went beyond making process
efficient, and shrinked the gap quickly
between the digital, physical (where
we live) and biological worlds (health
practice)
IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS ON HEALTH CARE
● Nothing changed much in pt visits during the 1st & 2nd IR
○ Were more focused on transportation & machinery
● After 3rd & 4th revolution, the pt does not need to go to a
hospital for assessment & management
○ It can happen anytime & anywhere as long as
there’s an appropriate gadget for both client & HC
provider
5th Industrial Revolution
● 4th IR is actually patapos na & we’re starting the 5th
○ Most references about 4th IR is sourced from 4 yrs
ago
● Gearing towards personalization of different services that
would be more inclusive & specific to the needs of
individuals in the society
● We’re making the process more centered on humans
again
● Goal: Use digital advancements to cater the needs of the
people in the society
● Ma’am Cath thinks we’re still transitioning pa from the 4th
IR
○ Making use of 4th IR advancement to slowly go into
the 5th IR
● Revolutions are continuous processes
● Main invention that made 4th & 5th IR different is the
concept of artificial intelligence
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
● A field of data science that has a lot of components
○ There is still a lot more to learn
● Refers to the stimulation of human intelligence processes
using machines, especially computer systems
● Specific applications of AI include expert system, natural
language processing, speech recognition, and machine
vision
● Refers to the intelligence demonstrated by machines in
contrast to the natural intelligence usually demonstrated
by human beings
● Usual Concern: “Why do we need to know about this in
healthcare?”
○ Is my own experience not enough?
○ Why do I need to work with AI?
 Human Artificial

● Decision making ● Machine learning

● Perception ● Domain data
● Anticipation ● Dialogue & conversation
● Memory ● Computer vision

Big Data

● Remember that AI is evolving & continuously changing

because of big data

● For AI to happen, machines need to undergo machine

learning & deep learning
● Machine learning – an approach used to achieve AI
● Deep learning – techniques for implementing machine
learning
● Quick responses of machines are based from a series of
networks or commands that are happening because of
machine learning & deep learning
● AI are not just results of one time codes; not just a result
of one instruction from a coder
○ It is a product of a continuous process of coding,
new experiences of a machine to make more ● Big data is a result of AI and vice versa
decisions in the future ● Ma’am thinks that it is like chicken & egg that are
● Usual concerns of HC provider: complementary with each other
○ Why do I believe in that if they are just codes? ○ Get more data because of AI and use big data to
○ It’s not based on previous experience form different improve AI
information ● Important to understand that AI still undergo the process
● Undergoes a series of network learning via machine & of learning even if they are machines
deep learning
WHY IS THERE BIG DATA IF THERE IS STATISTICS?
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE VS HUMAN INTELLIGENCE ● Information scientists have determined that it is important to
separate big data & statistical data
● Big data would include large numbers of data that are very
complex & impossible to process using traditional methods
● Big data is the products of the advancements of the 3rd &
4th industrial revolution
○ Because communication is faster & more efficient,
storage of information became better → more data that
can be used by AI

CHARACTERISTICS OF BIG DATA

● They are different but the same

○ Different in terms of computer & human
○ Same because AI aims to simulate human learning
■ Follows the theories of learning
● Like human beings, coders believe that it is important to
continuously update codes & do trial and errors to identify
new learnings that would make AI better
● They are different but they have the same essence of
undergoing the process learning
● AI has the capacity to learn when provided appropriate
instruction & codes
Vig data (Siazon, 2022)
● Volume, velocity & variety
○ Common characteristics of big data for big data
scientists
● VOLUME
○ Big data is a lot
○ People who uses the internet provide data
■ Every click, every view, every comment
○ All these would increase the volume of data
● VELOCITY
○ Big data is characterized as fast nowadays
because of internet
● VARIETY
○ Differences of its characteristics because of the
internet, the 4th industrial revolution
○ Almost everything could be processed as data
“Data is the new oil”
● The world’s most valuable resource
● A lot of people nowadays esp economica have
advocated that data is the new oil already meaning data
is already the small importance resource in most fields
● Companies of people who have access to a lot of data
and knows how to process data are the people who are
expected to succeed and advance more
● Big data is important for us to maximize AI
SO… WHAT NOW?
● Why should we know the connection between big data
and AI !!!!
● PTs can use AI in their practice
○ One of the changes that were brought about by the
industrial revolution is the shrinking of the gap
between digital, physical and biological worlds
● Revolution brought about by AI and big data (4th and 5th
IR) would affect PT bc it will affect the components of the
practice
○ AI & big data affects the process on how we usually
do the assessments & management
○ It can also affect the people involved in our practice
(patients, other professionals)
● Affectation is observable through changes in their
knowledge, attitudes and behavior
○ Because of these changes overall, there is a
continuous change in the meaning & scope of our
practice
WORLD CONFEDERATION FOR PHYSICAL THERAPY
CONGRESS OF 2019: BIG DATA (FS-09)
● A lot of people in PT congresses would attend sessions on
Big Data because they realize this would affect their practice
● AI used to analyze the patient’s data and create a self
management program for the patient
● As a PT, you check if the self management program
made by the AI is appropriate for the patient’s condition,
and revise it as needed
● AI digital assistant
○ AI can record the interventions you give and shit
○ AI can also monitor patient’s progress
○ AI can alert the PT and help PT communicate with
patient about shit and also his progress and shit
● Research will be important in improving this thing
● Concerns:
○ Who owns the data, how is it shared, where is it
shared
○ What is the clinician’s responsibility in terms of data
○ Basta there’s a lot
● Even before the pandemic, there has been talks about AI
already
● AI is beyond being robots used to help patients & PTs
○ We’re already using them
○ AI is not really foreign and is something has been
used by PTs and clients
● BUT! Not all PTs are aware about the scope of AI & big
data
○ There is data, but they do not take a look at it or
assess it, because they think it is beyond their
scope
● Main speakers of the FS-09 emphasized that AI & big
data are not foreign, and as PTs, we must be more
involved to help in the actual revolution & advancement
of those fields of sciences for them to be better integrated
in our profession
“We all have data and we should all get involved, to
influence the future of our profession – before someone
else does it for us!”
Initially, it was only the PT & patient in our practice. But
because of the 4th & 5th industrial revolution, there is a new
tool in the usual process (AI). If we introduce new variables,
there will be changes.
1. Change in (the PT) process
○ Planning
○ Assessment
○ Management
○ If we become intentional with the use of AI, the
process on how we do things would change with AI
in PT practice
■ Gathering information for assessment
■ Analyzing information
■ Plan for management
■ Easier way of giving management (even if pt is
not present), because there is a database for
educational procedures & materials that can be
used by a patient
➢ Although different conditions, there are
 common themes in the exercises that are
needed by the patient
○ PT should know how to provide information to the
AI so that it could provide an appropriate answer
○ PT should also have the ability to critically think
about the suggestions of the AI
○ AI is not a substitute, but a helper to make the
process faster or more efficient for the PT
2. Change in client
○ Knowledge
○ Attitude
○ Behavior
○ Effects change in the patient/client even before the
PT session
■ AI is not just limited to HC professionals; AI is
very accessible
○ As a PT, one of the things we have to take into
consideration is the client’s initial attitude/behavior
when they come and see us for PT mx and
assessment
■ Since patients have access to AI, don’t view it
as ikaw lang may alam
○ Some literature suggests that pts do not trust AI →
need to research more about the possible
relationship between AI and client
3. Change in others
○ Knowledge
○ Attitude
○ Behavior
○ In the process of providing care, there are some
instances that we have to collaborate with other
people
○ Not only PTs have access to AI, other HC
professionals also have access
○ Even if we can’t be familiar with all changes, make
sure to keep an open mind
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE VS HUMAN INTELLIGENCE
● Not really a competition → should be viewed as a
collaboration
○ For us to provide better services to people who need our
care
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE HAS LIMITATIONS
● Some would say that AI has still problems; it’s not perfect
○ E.g. siri is not able to process a certain command,
because of pronunciation
● Very important to continuously use them, because AI has
machine & deep learning
○ If we want AI as a tool to help with our practice, it is
our responsibility to use them to provide information
to the AI
● Only resolved when we become involved in the process
of using it
● Usually engineers are the ones upgrading AI, but they do
not know everything about the HC system
● So that engineers know what codes are needed, it is
important to have interaction from people who would be
benefitting from AI
● Shows that we have provide data for AI
○ Big data is important for AI so that it can do what
we want them to do
● Rather than staying away from it → actively use it in our
practice
● Just like how atrophy works in muscle, AI will not improve
if we do not use it
SO WHAT?!
● I am not a PT yet so I can’t use artificial intelligence yet!
● Knowing information about AI and these industrial
revolutions are important in knowing what to prepare for
the next few years
● As a student, there are skills that can be improved in
order to be more prepared for future revolutions
○ Instead of telling myself I don’t need to study it yet
because it will change → “I need to have skills that
will help me adapt quickly to the upcoming
revolutions” instead
○ Do not focus on learning the contents (because
they will change)
○ Aside from the contents, you must focus on your
competencies (skills)
■ Critical thinking
■ Creativity
■ Collaboration
■ Communication
● You don’t have to know everything about AI, but you have
to actively participate in the process so that you will learn
about it and get skills that can be used in the next
revolutions
● If we do not want to be part of the dying point of
evolution, it is important that we become lifelong learners
○ Should continuously collaborate & communicate
with people so that we can improve ourself
Summary
● AI & big data significantly affected PT practice and
education even before the pandemic
○ Goes beyond robots; it involves automated decision
making
● Here to stay
○ Even its form will change, there will be new
inventions with the same characteristics
● Continuously change