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Vgui RUT3 P 18 KT 53 J 4 KJQ
Vgui RUT3 P 18 KT 53 J 4 KJQ
Test Paper-01
Class - 12 Physics (Electrostatics Potential and Capacitance)
1. Correct formula for capacitance in terms of area A and distance d, of a parallel plate
capacitor in vacuum is
a.
b.
c.
d.
2. Two parallel plate capacitors of capacitances C and 2C are connected in parallel and
charged to a potential difference V by a battery. The battery is then disconnected and
the space between the plates of capacitor C is completely filled with a material of
dielectric constant K = 3. The potential difference across the capacitors now becomes
a.
b.
c.
d.
3. A variable capacitor and an electroscope are connected in parallel to a battery. The
reading of the electroscope would be decreased by
a. Decreasing the battery potential
b. Increasing the area of overlapping of the plates
c. Decreasing the distance between the plates
d. Placing a dielectric between the plates
4. The capacity of a pure capacitor is 1 farad. In DC circuit its effective resistance will be
a. infinite
b. zero
c. 1
d. 2 ohm
5. In circuits, a difference in potential from one point to another is often called
a. volts
b. AT
c. field
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d. voltage
10. A slab of material of dielectric constant K has the same area as that of the plates of a
parallel plate capacitor, but has the thickness d/2, where d is the separation between
the plates. Find out the expression for its capacitance when the slab is inserted
between the plates of the capacitor.
12. Electric charge is distributed uniformly on the surface of a spherical rubber balloon.
Show how the value of electric intensity and potential vary
i. on the surface,
ii. inside and
iii. outside?
13. A capacitor is charged by a 100 V supply. The supply is then disconnected and
the charged capacitor is connected to another uncharged capacitor. How much
electrostatic energy of the first capacitor is lost in the process of attaining the steady
situation?
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14. i. Derive the expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor having plate
area A and plate separation d.
ii. Two charged spherical conductors of radii R1 and R2 when connected by a
conducting plate respectively. Find the ratio of their surface charge densities in
terms of their radii.
15. i. Explain using suitable diagrams, the difference in the behaviour of a
a. conductor and
b. dielectric in the presence of external electric field. Define the terms
polarisation of a dielectric and write its relation with susceptibility.
ii. A thin metallic spherical shell of radius R carries a charge Q on its surface. A point
charge Q/2 is placed at its centre C and another charge + 2Q is placed outside the
shell at a distance x from the centre as shown in the figure. Find
a. the force on the charge at the centre of shell and at the point A,
b. the electric flux through the shell.
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CBSE Test Paper-01
Class - 12 Physics (Electrostatics Potential and Capacitance)
Answers
1. d.
2. d.
4. a. infinite
Explanation: Capacitor does not allow DC to pass through it. The effective
capacitance or the capacitive reactance ,
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Since DC current is a constant current, its frequency is zero.
The capacitive reactance is therefore infinity.
5. d. voltage
Explanation: Voltage is an electrical potential difference, the difference in
electric potential between two places. The unit for electrical potential
difference, or voltage, is the volt.
7. Equipotential surfaces due to a single point charge are concentric sphere having
charge at the centre. Electric field lines are always normally outwards from the
spherical surfaces.
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8. Given,
and r = 5 cm
or
or x = 5 - x x = 2.5 cm
Hence equipotential surface is a plane normal to the axis of the dipole and lies at the
mid point of the axis.
9.
10. Initially, when there is vacuum between the two plates of the capacitor, then
capacitance of the capacitor becomes ,
where, A is the area of each plate of the capacitor.
Suppose that the capacitor is connected to a battery, an electric field E0 is produced.
Now, if we insert the dielectric slab of dielectric constant K and of thickness t = d/2,
the electric field reduces to E = E0/K.
Now, the gap between plates is divided in two parts, for distance t, there is electric
field E and for the remaining distance (d - t) the electric field is E0.
If V be the potential difference between the plates of the capacitor after inserting the
dielectric slab, then V = Et + E0(d - t)
11. i. According to the diagram, when the switch S is closed, the two capacitors C1 and
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So, charge on capacitor C1
....(i)
and charge on capacitor C2
...(ii)
Hence total charge, q = q1 + q2 = 6 + 6 = 12µC (before the switch S is closed) Now
when S is left open, there will be no change in the stored charge value of C2 and
previous value)
Capacitor B becomes isolated, charge in it will remain same
or (C2 = C, C'2 = KC)
factor of 3)
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13. Initial energy stored in capacitor,
Charge on 5 mF capacitor
The two capacitors attain a common potential V when they are connected together.
14. i. Parallel plate capacitor consists of two thin conducting plates each of area A held
parallel to each other at a suitable distance d. One of the plates is insulated and
other is earthed. Say, there is vacuum or air between the plates. Structure of a
parallel plate capacitor is shown below.
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The charge on each plate is q and the area of each plate is A. Thus,
............(i)
Now, let the potential difference between the two plates be V volt. Then, the
electric field between the plates is given by
.....(ii)
Substituting the value of E from equation (i) into equation (ii), we get
After connecting both the conductors, their potentials will become equal.
[ For a spherically charged conductor with charge q potential is
given by, ]
15. i. a. When a conductor is placed in an external electric field, the free charges
present inside the conductor redistribute themselves in such a manner that the
electric field due to induced charges opposes the external field within the
conductor. This happens until a static situation is achieved, i.e. when the two
fields cancels each other, then the net electrostatic field in the conductor
becomes zero.
b. Dielectrics are non-conducting substances. i.e. they have no charge carriers.
Thus, in a dielectric, free movement of charges is not possible. When a
dielectric is placed in an external electric field, the molecules are re-oriented
and thus induces a net dipole moment in the dielectric. This produces an
electric field. The diagram clearly shows that the net electric field in case of a
conductor becomes zero, whereas in case of a dielectric net electric field
intensity becomes non zero.
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However, the opposing field is so induced that does not exactly cancel the
external field. It only reduces it. And the resultant electric field reduces by
some value.
Both polar and non-polar dielectric develop net dipole moment in the presence
of an external field. The dipole moment per unit volume of the substance is
called polarisation and is denoted by P for linear isotropic dielectrics.
, is the susceptibility.
ii. a. At point C, inside the shell. The electric field inside a spherical shell is zero.
Thus, the force experienced by the charge Q/2 kept at the centre C of the shell
will also be zero.
)
At point 'A', magnitude of the force experienced by charge +2Q there, IFA= 2Q ×
b. Electric flux through the shell, × magnitude of the net charge enclosed
by the shell. (In this case there is no effect of the charge which lies above the
shell)
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