Design Basis For Instrumentation For LLNGG

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Project N° Unit Document Code Serial N° Rev. Page
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INSTRUMENTATION DESIGN BASIS
Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 5
The present document or drawing is property of TECHNIP INDIA LTD. and shall not, under any circumstances, be totally or partially, directly or indirectly, transferred, reproduced, copied,
2. ACRONYMES AND DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................ 5

disclosed or used, without its prior written consent, for any purpose and in any way other than that for which it is specifically furnished or outside the extent of the agreed upon right of use.
3. CODES & STANDARDS............................................................................................................................. 6
4. DOCUMENT PRECEDENCE ...................................................................................................................... 9
5. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ..................................................................................................................... 9
5.1. SELECTION AND SPECIFICATION OF INSTRUMENTS................................................................................................................... 9
5.2. UNITS OF MEASUREMENT ............................................................................................................................................................. 10
5.3. SELECTION OF RANGES ................................................................................................................................................................ 11
5.4. SIGNAL TRANSMISSION ................................................................................................................................................................. 11
5.4.1. GENERAL ..................................................................................................................................................... 11

5.4.2. ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY .................................................................................................................. 11
5.5. HAZARDOUS AREA CLASSIFICATION ........................................................................................................................................... 12
5.6. STATUTORY APPROVALS............................................................................................................................................................... 13
5.7. NAMEPLATE ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
5.8. FIELD COMMUNICATOR .................................................................................................................................................................. 13
5.9. HART MAINTENANCE ...................................................................................................................................................................... 14
6. DESIGN PHILOSOPHY ............................................................................................................................ 15
6.1. GENERAL .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 15
6.2. INSTRUMENT CONNECTIONS ........................................................................................................................................................ 16
6.3. INSTRUMENT ACCURACY .............................................................................................................................................................. 17
6.4. INSTRUMENT INTERFACE WITH CENTRAL CONTROL BUILDING.............................................................................................. 18
7. GENERAL REQUIREMENT OF INSTRUMENTS .................................................................................... 19
7.1. TEMPERAURE INSTRUMENTS ....................................................................................................................................................... 19
7.1.1. THERMOWELLS ........................................................................................................................................... 19

7.1.2. TEMPERATURE GAUGES ........................................................................................................................... 20
7.1.3. TEMPERATURE ELEMENTS ....................................................................................................................... 20
7.1.4. TEMPERATURE TRANSMITTER ................................................................................................................. 21
7.2. PRESSURE INSTRUMENTS ............................................................................................................................................................ 22
7.3. LEVEL INSTRUMENTS ..................................................................................................................................................................... 23
7.3.1. MAGNETIC LEVEL GAUGE ........................................................................................................................ 23
CLIENT : ADANI DHAMRA LNG TERMINAL PRIVATE LIMITED

PROJECT : DHAMRA LNG PROJECT
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7.3.2. TRANSPARENT / REFLEX LEVEL GAUGE ................................................................................................ 23

7.3.3. LEVEL TRANSMITTER................................................................................................................................. 24
7.3.4. TANK LEVEL INSTRUMENTS ..................................................................................................................... 25
7.4. FLOW INSTRUMENTS ...................................................................................................................................................................... 26
7.4.1. ORIFICE PLATES ......................................................................................................................................... 26

7.4.2. INTEGRAL ORIFICE .................................................................................................................................... 27
7.4.3. MAGNETIC TYPE FLOW METERS ............................................................................................................. 27

7.4.4. VORTEX METER .......................................................................................................................................... 28
7.4.5. ULTRASONIC FLOW METER ...................................................................................................................... 28
7.4.6. AVERAGING PITOT TUBE .......................................................................................................................... 28
7.4.7. MASS FLOW METER.................................................................................................................................... 28
7.4.8. VARIABLE AREA FLOW METERS .............................................................................................................. 29
7.4.9. TURBINE METER AND POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT METER .................................................................. 29
7.5. FIELD TRANSMITTERS .................................................................................................................................................................... 30
7.6. CONTROL VALVES .......................................................................................................................................................................... 31
7.7. ON – OFF VALVES ........................................................................................................................................................................... 31
7.8. MOTOR OPERATED VALVES .......................................................................................................................................................... 32
7.9. PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES........................................................................................................................................................... 33
7.10. RUPTURE DISC ................................................................................................................................................................................ 34
7.11. DESUPERHEATERS ......................................................................................................................................................................... 34
7.12. ANALYSER SYSTEM ........................................................................................................................................................................ 35
7.12.1. PROCESS ANALYZERS ................................................................................................................................ 35

7.12.2. FLUE GAS ANALYZERS ............................................................................................................................... 36
7.12.3. ANALYZER SHELTERS ................................................................................................................................ 37
7.13. LOCAL CONTROL PANEL ................................................................................................................................................................ 39
7.14. LOCAL GAUGE BOARD ................................................................................................................................................................... 40
8. PACKAGE REQUIREMENTS................................................................................................................... 40
9. MACHINE CONDITION MONITORING (MCM) SYSTEM ........................................................................ 42
10. EARTHING ................................................................................................................................................ 43
11. IDENTIFICATION AND MARKING ........................................................................................................... 44
12. PAINTING.................................................................................................................................................. 44
13. SPARES PHILOSOPHY ........................................................................................................................... 45
13.1. MANDATORY SPARES .................................................................................................................................................................... 45
13.2. 2 YEARS OPERATIONAL SPARES .................................................................................................................................................. 45
13.3. COMMISSIONING SPARES ............................................................................................................................................................. 45
13.4. CONSUMABLE SPARES .................................................................................................................................................................. 45

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14.
CLIENT
PROJECT
:
:
DHAMRA LNG PROJECT
S1370
Project N°
Unit
000
ADANI DHAMRA LNG TERMINAL PRIVATE LIMITED

JSD
Document
Code
1500
001
Serial N°
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INSPECTION AND TESTING REQUIREMENT ........................................................................................ 45

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1. INTRODUCTION
Adani Dhamra LNG Terminal Private Limited (ADLTPL) intends to set up an LNG regasification
terminal at Dharma, Odisha, India. The terminal capacity shall be 5 MMTPA with all necessary
provision to expand to 10 MMTPA in future.

LNG terminal is envisaged to set up at Dhamra in Odisha. Dhamra Port is located at the Bay of Bengal
between the main land and the lee of Kanika Sands in Bhadrak district of Odisha, India. The port is
well protected from the forces of wave and currents of the ocean by a group of barrier islands, which
offers remarkably tranquil conditions for port operations. The Project site is close to the estuary of the
Dhamra River near the village of Chandbali. Village Dhamra is located approximately 95 km North of
Paradip and about 205 km by road from the state capital of Bhubaneswar.
This Specification covers the minimum technical requirements for instrumentation used for
measurement and control of process variables and provides guidance for the specification and
selection of instrumentation used for the Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) of the
project.
2. ACRONYMES AND DEFINITIONS
The following abbreviations are used throughout this Specification:
COMPANY : Adani Dhamra LNG Terminal Private Limited (ADLTPL)

PROJECT : Dhamra LNG Project
CONTRACTOR : A party contracted to the COMPANY to carry out EPC
services to the PROJECT.
CONSULTANT : TECHNIP INDIA LIMITED
VENDOR : The supplier of the equipment and/or services to the
EPC CONTRACTOR
SUBVENDOR / : Sub-supplier of VENDOR
SUBCONTRACTOR
SHALL and MUST : Indicates a mandatory requirement.
SHOULD : Denotes an action or requirement, which is not mandatory,
However, which is strongly recommended
CCB : Central Control Building
DCS : Distributed Control System

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ESD : Emergency Shutdown System

F&G : Fire and Gas
GI : Galvanised Iron
I/O : Input/output
IP : Ingress Protection
IS : Intrinsically Safe
LNG : Liquefied Natural Gas
UPS : Uninterruptable Power Supply
3. CODES & STANDARDS
The following codes and standards, to the extent specified herein, form a part of this specification.
These shall include any & all the applicable parts of the standards including any corrigenda on these
published from time to time. The CONTRACTOR shall bear the responsibility of ensuring that the
equipment has been designed and fabricated in accordance with all engineering codes and rules,
standard regulations applicable to the specified service and performs under conditions and under the
standards specified. Generally, if no other precedence is set during the technical specification, data
sheet and enquiry development, the edition in force at the time of order placement shall apply:
ISA S 5.1 Instrument Symbols and Identification

IEC 60529 Degree of Protection provided by Enclosure.
IEC 61000 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).
ANSI/ ISA 51.1 Process Instrumentation Terminology.
ISA 18.1 Annunciation Sequences & Specifications.
ANSI/ IEEE C37.1 Specification used for Supervisory Control, Data Acquisition &
Control
API SPEC 6FA Specification for Fire Tests for Valves.
API RP 551 Process Measurement
API RP 554 Process Instrumentation and Control.
API RP 555 Process Analysers.
API STD 598 Valve Inspection & Testing.
API STD 600 Bolted Bonnet Steel gate Valves for Petroleum & natural Gas
Industries
API STD 609 Butterfly Valves Double Flanged, Lug & Wafer Type.
API STD 2000 Venting Atmospheric & Low-Pressure Storage Tanks – Non-

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Refrigerated & Refrigerated

ASME B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
ASME B16.10 Face-to-Face & End-to-End Dimensions of Valves
ASME PTC 19.3 Temperature Measurement.

ASTM A269-04 Standard Specification for Seamless & Welded Austenitic
Stainless Steel Tubing for General Services

ASTM D 1250-4 Standard Guide for Seamless & Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel
Tubing for General Services
EEMUA Publication 140 Noise Procedure Specification Guidelines.
EEMUA Publication 191 Alarm Systems – A Guide to Design Management & Procurement.
EEMUA Publication 201 Process Plant Control Desks Utilizing Human-Computer Interfaces
-A guide to Design, Operational and Human Interface Issues
HSEIA/TIA (RS) 232 Data Communication Interface Standard.
HSEIA/TIA (RS) 485 Data Communication Interface Standard
HSEIA/TIA (RS) 422 Data Communication Interface Standard
EN 50170 General-purpose field communication system
GPA Standard 2261-00 Analysis for Natural Gas and Similar Gaseous Mixtures by Gas
Chromatography
IEC 60751 Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometer Sensors
IEC 61508 Functional Safety of Electrical/Electronic/Programmable Electronic
Safety Related Systems
IEC 61511 Functional Safety – Safety instrumented systems for process
Industry sector
ISO 1000 SI Units and recommendations for use of their multiples and of
Certain other units
ISO 5167 Measurement of fluid flow by means of Pressure Differential
Devices Inserted in Circular Cross-Section Conduits Running Full.
Parts 1 to 4.
ISO 5168 Measurement of Fluid Flow – Evaluation of Uncertainties
ISO 5208 Industrial Valves – Multi – turn Valve Actuator Attachments
ISO 5209 General Purpose industrial valves – marking
ISO 5210 Industrial Valves – Multi – turn Actuator Attachment
ISO 5211 Industrial Valves – Part-Turn Actuator Attachment
ISO 6976 Natural Gas – Calculation of Calorific Value, Density and Relative

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Density & Wobbe index from composition

ISO/CD 10715 Natural Gas, Sampling Guidelines
ISO 9000 – 9004 Quality Management Systems
ISO 10790 Measurement of fluid in closed conduits: Guidance to the

Selection, Installation and the use of Coriolis Meters
MSS SP-67 Butterfly Valves

MSS SP-68 High Pressure – Offset Seat Butterfly Valves
MSS SP-112 Quality Standard for Evaluation of Cast Surface Finishes – Visual
& Tactile Method
MSS SP-25 Standard Marking System for Valves Fittings, Flanges and Unions
NFPA 85 Boiler and Combustion Systems Hazards Code
NACE MR – 01- 75 Sulphide Stress Cracking Resistant Materials for Oil Field
Equipment
ISO 7278-3 Liquid Hydrocarbons – Dynamic measurement – Proving systems
For volumetric meters Part 3 – Pulse Interpolation Techniques
API SPEC 6D Specification for Pipeline Valves (Gate, Plug, Ball, and Check
Valves)
ANSI/FCI 70.2 Control Valve Seat Leakage
API RP 14C Recommended practice for analysis, design, installation, and
Testing of Basic surface systems for offshore production platforms
IEC 60079 Electrical Apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres
IEC 60269/BS 88 Low Voltage Fuses
ISO 1461 Hot Dip Galvanized Coatings on Fabricated Iron and Steel Articles
– Spec Test Methods
API 2218 Fireproofing Practices in Petroleum and Petrochemical Processing
Plants.
GAP 2.5.1 fireproofing for hydrocarbon fire exposures.
OISD-STD-113 Classification of Areas for Electrical Installation at Hydrocarbon
Processing and Handling Facilities
OISD-STD-163 Process Control Room Safety
OISD-STD-164 Fire Proofing in Oil and Gas Industry
OISD-STD-173 Fire Prevention and Protection Systems for Electrical Installations
OISD-STD-194 Standards for the Storage and Handling of LNG

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4. DOCUMENT PRECEDENCE
It shall be the CONTRACTOR’S responsibility to understand the requirements of the referenced

Codes and Standards including local laws and legislation applicable. The CONTRACTOR shall notify
the COMPANY, of any apparent conflict between this specification, the Codes and Standards and any
other specifications noted herein. Resolution and/or interpretation precedence shall be obtained from
the COMPANY in writing before proceeding with the design / manufacture.
5. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
5.1. SELECTION AND SPECIFICATION OF INSTRUMENTS
The selection and specification of all instruments for process applications, utilities, etc., shall be in
accordance with the requirements of this specification.
The instrumentation designed and implemented for measurement and control purposes shall satisfy
two main criteria: Safe & efficient monitoring and control of the parameters to enable optimal operation
of the process units and minimum cost of the installation through start-up, operation and maintenance.
Field mounted instruments shall be suitable for operation in industrial, humid and corrosive
environment and be adequately protected against causing any hazard to the personnel, environment
and assets.
Field Instruments shall be designed to operate in extreme weather conditions of temperature,

humidity, precipitation and salt laden atmosphere in which corrosive gases and/or chemicals may be
present. Field Instruments shall withstand a maximum temperature of 48 °C in shade and a minimum
temperature of 8 °C.
For some special areas, requirements that are more stringent may be applicable and advice from the
COMPANY shall then be obtained.

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5.2. UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
The selection of units to use shall be in accordance with the following:

Glossary Unit
Temperature °C
Pressure (gauge) Bar g, mbar g
Pressure (absolute) Bar a, mbar a
Pressure (vacuum) mmHg
Mass KG
Density Kg/m³
Volume m3
Flow (mass) Kg/h
Flow actual m³/h
standard Nm3/h
standard flow m3/h (15°C)
Power KW, kVA
Viscosity cP
Equipment dimensions mm
Velocity m/s
Level %, mm
Distance Mm, In
Conductivity µS / cm

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Rotation rpm
Voltage V (Volt)
Frequency Hz
Current mA, A
5.3. SELECTION OF RANGES
Ranges for instruments shall be selected in general such that in normal process, operation the
indication is between 40% and 60% of span for linear and 60% to 80% of span for square root inputs.
For trip functions, the instrument ranges shall be selected such that the process trip value shall be
between 10% and 90 % of the transmitter output range.
In selecting automatic transmitter comparison, trip transmitters should have the same range as those
used for control, as far as possible.
5.4. SIGNAL TRANSMISSION
5.4.1. GENERAL
All electronic transmitters inclusive of valve position transmitters shall be two wire “Smart” HART type,
unless there are restrictions imposed by the manufacturers.
These shall have transmission / output signal of 4-20mA DC with superimposed digital signal as per
HART protocol and shall be capable of delivering the rated current into external load of at least 600 Ω
when powered with 24 V DC nominal voltage.
The design of electronic instruments shall comply with the electromagnetic compatibility requirements
as per IEC-61000-4.
5.4.2. ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY
a) In general, following power supply voltage levels shall be used, unless otherwise specified:
 For Field Instruments 24 V DC

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 Control Systems(DCS/ ESD/ FGS) 240 V AC, 50 Hz (UPS)
 Relays, lamps, Solenoid Valves 24 V DC
 Panel/cabinets lighting 240 V AC, 50 Hz (Non-UPS)


MOVs 415 V AC, 3 Phase, 50 Hz (Non-UPS)
b) Instrument power circuits shall be individually protected from fault with the help of fuses.
Power supply to the individual instrument shall be disconnected with the help of Double
Pole Single Throw (DPST) switch and protected with the help of fuses. Miniature circuit
breakers (MCB's) may be selected in place of switch fuse unit in case protection is
provided for overload protection.
c) All UPS shall be installed with full redundancy. The autonomy time for the UPS system
shall be minimum four (4) hours. The UPS system shall be suitable for all control and
shutdown systems, telecommunications, fire protection system and various other critical
essential equipment, which are typically supplied from a common UPS System.
5.5. HAZARDOUS AREA CLASSIFICATION
All electronic/electrical instruments and equipment shall be suitable for area classification, Zone-1, IIB,
T3, as per IEC codes and shall be certified by internationally recognized authority.
Certified Intrinsically Safe Exia (IS) equipment as per IEC-60079-11 shall be used, in general, in
hazardous area. In case of non-availability of intrinsically safe instrument/equipment, flameproof (Exd)
shall be considered as the next preferred protection class.
For hazardous areas, instruments and associated equipment shall be certified as per the ATEX
directives. Moreover, all outdoor instruments shall be Ex certified. For such electrical apparatus, the
appropriate safety documentation shall be available. Any certified equipment shall be stamped
according to the protection and the relating code and shall be delivered with a conformity certificate
issued by an internationally recognized laboratory.
The selection of protection shall be as follow:
a) Instruments Ex-ia (Ex-d in special cases)

b) Solenoid valves Ex-d

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c) Junction boxes Ex-e (for IS Instruments)

Ex-d (for Exd Instruments)
d) Push button Ex-d
e) Local enclosure (with electronic) Ex-d / Ex-p

f) Lamp / Indicator (LED) Ex-d
g) Level gauge illuminator Ex-d

h) Horn / Beacons Ex-d
i) Cable Glands / Plugs Ex-d
5.6. STATUTORY APPROVALS
CONTRACTOR shall be responsible for obtaining all statutory approvals, as applicable for all
instruments and control systems, as required for the location / country of installation.
The equipment /instruments /systems to be installed in the hazardous area shall be certified by the
concerned local statutory authorities, CCOE & PESO.
5.7. NAMEPLATE
All field instruments including smart positioners, Junction Boxes, Push Buttons shall be provided with
stainless steel nameplate (Pasted or screwed to the instrument body) indicating the following, as a
minimum:
a) Tag no. as per data sheet
b) Manufacturer’s serial no. and model no.
c) Manufacturer’s name / trade mark
d) Body material
e) Measuring element material, where applicable
f) Range of measurement, where applicable
g) Area classification in which the equipment can be used, where applicable
5.8. FIELD COMMUNICATOR
CONTRACTOR shall supply two complete sets of HART field communicator for configuration and
diagnostic requirements of the SMART HART instruments supplied for the plant. It shall be possible to

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perform routine configuration, calibration, display process variable, diagnostics etc. from a universal
hand held field communicator, which can be connected, at any location in the transmitter loop. It shall
be possible to perform all the above functions on line. The loop function shall remain unaffected while
communication is going on between transmitter and the field communicator. No output interruption
should occur. The field communicator shall be HART compatible.
Field communicator shall meet the following requirements:
a) They shall be battery powered with replaceable and rechargeable batteries. Recharger
power supply shall be 240 V AC ± 10 %, 50 Hz ± 3 %.
b) It shall be possible to connect the communicator at any of the following places for purpose
of digital communication:
 Marshalling cabinet serving the transmitter, in safe area, control room.
 Junction box serving the transmitter, in hazardous area, field.
 Directly at the transmitter, in hazardous area, field.
Offered communicator shall be dustproof, certified intrinsically safe and suitable for outdoor location.
Carrying case shall be supplied with each communicator.
5.9. HART MAINTENANCE
In order to aid maintenance of field transmitters/positioners, a common “HART Maintenance System”

shall be provided which will further interact with all Smart Transmitters / Positioners to provide:
a) Monitoring of device status on-line for all Smart transmitters/ Positioners.
b) All maintenance related data link diagnostics alarms, transmitter range, settings, etc.
c) Trend data for all devices.
d) Facilities to re-range configure and calibrate field transmitters.
e) An audit trail for a complete historical record of all configuration, calibration and device
alerts.
f) Data on predictive maintenance such as list of transmitter experiencing drift, control valves
loosing as shipped characteristics etc.

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g) Documentation like various trend reports, diagnostic reports, predictive maintenance

reports, audit reports, historical data and device specification sheets in addition to those
available with selected software as standalone.
h) All HART transmitters inclusive of DCS, ESD and Packages shall be connected to HMS.
6. DESIGN PHILOSOPHY
6.1. GENERAL
a) Instrumentation shall be complete in every respect and liberal to the extent of providing the
required data on all operations and variables sufficient for the safe, efficient and easy
operation, start up and shut down of the plant.
b) The design and installation of instruments shall be generally in accordance with ISA/API
recommended practices and other applicable standards. Material specifications and
practices shall, conform to appropriate ASTM or equivalent standards. All standards and
code of practices referred to herein shall be of the latest edition prior to the date of
purchaser's enquiry.
c) Instrument used for interlock/ safety function shall not be used for monitoring, indication or
control purpose. Separate instrument shall be used for safety function and control /
monitoring functions.
d) . As a minimum, all instruments in field shall be dust proof, weather proof to IP-65 as per
IEC-60529, and secure against the ingress of fumes, dampness, insects and vermin. All
external surfaces shall be suitably treated to provide protection against corrosive plant
atmosphere.
e) Sizing for flow element, control valves and safety valves is CONTRACTOR’s responsibility.
It is CONTRACTOR’s responsibility to supply the items as per selected / approved sizes.
f) For safety interlock, switches shall not be used. Instead, transmitters shall be employed
and shall be directly connected to control system to achieve the switching action logically
in the software.
g) Wetted parts of all the instruments and valves shall be SS 316, as a minimum. Any specific
requirement of material of construction by purchaser/purchaser's representative during
detail engineering shall be complied by CONTRACTOR without any time/cost implications.

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In any case, VENDOR to ensure that the selected material is consistent with temperature,
pressure, corrosion conditions and other process requirements. CONTRACTOR shall be
responsible to select proper material based on the process conditions including pressure-
temperature etc.
h) Fire proofing shall be used to protect the equipment / instruments like ESD valves, safety
critical control equipment, etc., coming in fire zone areas as per the fire classification
zones, which on failure would escalate the incident and/or endanger the activities of
emergency response personnel. The fireproofing shall provide 60 min protection, as a
minimum.
i) Fire proofing can be provided by:
 Sprayed concrete;
 Insulation materials made of mineral fibre, ceramic, calcium silicate or cellular glass;
 Fire protective enclosures/boxes.
 Intumescent coatings.
j) Fire proofing shall be designed and executed in accordance with the following standards:
 API 2218 - Fireproofing Practices in Petroleum and Petrochemical Processing

Plants.
 GAP 2.5.1 - Fire proofing for hydrocarbon fire exposures.
 OISD-STD-164 - Fire Proofing in Oil and Gas Industry
6.2. INSTRUMENT CONNECTIONS
a) Electrical cable entry connection shall be 1/2" NPT (F) for signal / control cables and ½” or
3/4” NPT (F) for power cables.
b) End connections shall meet the following, unless, otherwise specified;
 Threaded end connection shall be NPT as per ANSI/ASME B1.20.1.

 Flanged end connection shall be as per ANSI/ASME B16.5.
c) All the instruments like control valves, on-off valves, thermowell, level instruments, flow
instruments, diaphragm seal instruments, etc. with flanged end connection shall have
flange rating of 300#, as a minimum.

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d) Grooves of ring type joint flanges shall be octagonal as per ANSI/ASME B 16.20.
e) Connection sizes specified in the below table are the connection sizes on the pipe &
vessels for the instruments. In general, the below specified sizes shall be considered,
however, for specific / special requirements, refer corresponding specifications / details

specified elsewhere in this specification.
Connection size
Instruments
Piping Vessel / Tank
1 ½” Flanged 2” Flanged
Thermowell
(300# minimum) (300# minimum)
Thermowell for Cryogenic service 1” Welded 1” Welded
Pressure Instruments ¾” 2”
2” Flanged 2” Flanged
Pressure Instrument with Diaphragm Seal
(300# minimum) (300# minimum)
2” Flanged
Level Instrument (Cage mounted) (300# minimum,
side- side connection)
4” Flanged
Level Instrument (Top mounted)
(300# minimum )
3” Flanged
Level Instrument with Diaphragm Seal
(300# minimum )
Flow Instrument (Orifice) ½”
3” Flanged
Flow Instrument (Diaphragm seal)
(300# minimum)
6.3. INSTRUMENT ACCURACY
In general, Instrument accuracies shall be as specified below:
Type of Instrument Accuracy

Differential pressure & Pressure
± 0.075% of span within TD ratio of 1: 10
transmitter
Variable area type flow meter with
± 2.0% FS
transmitter
Vortex flow meter ± 1.0% FS
Coriolis Mass Flowmeter ± 0.5% FS
Magnetic type flow meter ± 0.5% FS

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± 1.5% FS For normal application

Ultra-sonic type flow meter ± 0.1% FS For custody transfer
± 3.0% FS For Flare Application
Displacement type level indicator ± 1.0% FS
+
Displacement type level transmitter ± 0.2% FS
Tank gauge ± 1.0% FS

± 1 mm or better for custody transfer
Radar type tank gauge
± 5 mm or better for normal application
Draft range Pressure transmitter ± 0.15% of span within TD ratio of 1: 10
Diaphragm seal transmitter ± 0.2% of span within TD ratio of 1: 10
Pressure gauge ± 1.0% FS

± 0.2% of calibrated span for RTD
Temperature Transmitter
± 0.5% of calibrated span for Thermocouples
Filled system/Bimetallic ± 1.0% FS
Draft gauge ± 3.0% FS
Thermocouple & Resistance Bulb Applicable Codes / Standards
The accuracy shall include the combined effect of linearity, hysteresis and repeatability.
6.4. INSTRUMENT INTERFACE WITH CENTRAL CONTROL BUILDING
Instrument junction boxes shall be provided as an interface with CCB. Marshalling details for cabling
shall be shown with corresponding junction box termination number allocated against appropriate
instrument tag number.
a) All signals from field to CCB / Jetty shall be terminated in the junctions boxes located at
appropriate locations in the field. Separate junction box shall be used for signals and
contacts connected to DCS, ESD and F&G or any other system. Further segregation of
junction boxes within the system shall be based on the following:
 Intrinsically Safe Analog Inputs/Outputs (4-20 mA)
 Non Intrinsically Safe Analog Inputs/Outputs (4-20 mA)
 Intrinsically Safe contact Inputs

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 Non Intrinsically Safe contact Inputs.
 Non Intrinsically Safe SOV Outputs
 Non Intrinsically Safe contact Outputs.

b) All pulsed signals or serial signals shall be routed directly to control room(s) without the
use of intermediate junction boxes, in general. In case, where single cable length is a
problem, intermediate junction boxes can be used, however in all such case, same
junction box shall not share signals from two or more device.
7. GENERAL REQUIREMENT OF INSTRUMENTS
7.1. TEMPERAURE INSTRUMENTS
7.1.1. THERMOWELLS
a) All temperature elements shall be provided with Thermowells fabricated out of bar stock of
minimum SS 316, in general. Other materials like SS 316L, Inconel, Monel, Incolloy, etc.
shall be selected based on the process pressure, temperature and service conditions.
Thermowell flange material shall be selected same as Thermowell material. Thermowell
Flange rating shall be minimum 300#. Thermowell shall be of welded type for cryogenic
service.
b) The thermowell design shall ensure no air gap between the tip of the element and
thermowell to minimize measurement lag.
c) CONTRACTOR shall carry out the vibration analysis of all thermowells as per PTC 19.3,
TW 2010 standard. In case the thermowell design fails vibration analysis, an alternate
design may be used by the CONTRACTOR. All such design along with calculations shall
be submitted for COMPANY review. Use of velocity collars are not permitted for the
Thermowells.
d) Any pipeline size less than 4" nominal bore shall be blown out to 4" size for thermowell
installation.

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e) For immersion lengths larger than 500 mm, built up thermowell design shall be used. In all
such cases, all welded joints shall undergo 100% radiography testing. For joints where
radiography is not possible, dye penetration test shall be carried out.
f) In general, Thermowell "U" Dimensions shall be as specified below, which is considering a

standout length of 200 mm:
PIPE SIZE / PROCESS U LENGTH (MM)
4" – 6” 280
8'' and above 320
Equip. 455 (typical)
7.1.2. TEMPERATURE GAUGES
a) Local temperature gauges shall be bi-metallic, in general. Liquid/vapor/gas filled type shall
also be considered, if specified and shall be manufactured as per relevant SAMA Class.
The temperature bulb shall be of SS 316 construction as a minimum.
b) All local temperature gauges shall have 150 mm dial size with adjustable head. The bulb
size shall be selected to suit the thermowell.
c) All gauges shall be of heavy-duty weatherproof construction.
d) Bimetallic temperature and direct filled system gauges shall be avoided where excessive
vibrations are encountered, such as compressors. Only filled type with capillary extension
shall be used in such applications. Capillary tubing shall be minimum of SS316 with
stainless steel flexible armoring, having PVC covering over armor.
e) It shall be possible to adjust gauge stem length by using adjustable gland with union.
f) All such fittings shall be suitable for 1/2" NPT connection to suit thermowell.
7.1.3. TEMPERATURE ELEMENTS
a) For remote temperature indication/recording/controlling /switching etc., thermocouples or

resistance temperature detector (RTD) shall be used depending on the process

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requirements. Elements shall be spring loaded, mineral insulated and shall have SS316
sheath as minimum.
b) The design of Thermocouple characteristics shall be as per IEC-60584-2 and shall allow
online replacement of temperature element. The element head shall be flameproof type.
For thermocouple assembly, the terminals shall be color coded as per element color code.
c) Thermocouples shall be magnesium oxide (MgO) filled ungrounded type, unless specified
otherwise. The type of thermocouple shall be selected based on operating
temperature conditions.
d) For temperatures up to 1300°C, Type K (Chromel/ Alumal) and Type E (Chromel/

Constantan) thermocouples shall be generally used. For temperatures above 1300°C,
platinum / 10% rhodium -platinum thermocouples shall be used (Type S).
e) Thermocouple wire size shall be 18 AWG for single and 20 AWG for double thermocouple
for most of the applications, in general.
f) RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector) shall be platinum element 3 wire type with100 Ω
resistance at 0 Deg C calibrated as per IEC 60751. RTD shall be used within a
temperature range of -200 to 400 Deg C only.
7.1.4. TEMPERATURE TRANSMITTER
a) The temperature signals shall be connected to the respective control system through
temperature transmitters.
b) The field-mounted temperature transmitters shall be remote mounted unless otherwise

specified i.e. the transmitter shall be separate from the temperature element assembly and
shall be connected with the temperature element through suitable PVC insulated armored
cable compatible with the temperature element.
c) Head mounted transmitters shall not be considered for the project.
d) Temperature transmitters shall have a built-in linearizing function to produce an output

linear to temperature range.

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e) Field mounted temperature transmitters shall be smart type with HART protocol.
f) Burn out protection must be provided with temperature transmitters and other temperature
input devices. Upscale or downscale protection shall be decided based on the application
to ensure fail-safe operation.

7.2. PRESSURE INSTRUMENTS
a) Pressure gauges shall be weatherproof with dial size of 150 mm and shall have features
like bayonet type bezel ring, over range protection and blowout discs. Pressure gauge
sensing element shall be of SS316 and movement of SS304, as a minimum.
b) Over range protector, Syphon and pulsation dampener, whenever used, shall be of SS316,
as a minimum. Pulsation dampeners shall be used for all pulsating services. These shall
be floating pin type, externally mounted and externally adjustable.
c) Over range protector (Gauge saver) shall be used when the maximum process pressure is
more than 30% of the range of the pressure gauge.
d) All pressure gauges with maximum operating pressure exceeding 60 kg/cm2 g and gauges
in toxic service shall be solid front type.
e) Cases shall normally be of SS316 and weatherproof to IP-65 as per IEC-60529. Pressure
gauge dial shall be white with black figures. Pointers shall have external micrometer
adjustment for gauge zero adjustment.
f) Ranges shall be so specified that the gauge normally operate in the middle third of the
scale.
g) Diaphragm seal pressure gauge with capillary shall be used for congealing and
viscous services, i.e. where plugging of the element may occur or where suitable material
is not available in highly corrosive service. Direct mounted, filled type gauges or
mechanical linked gauges shall be avoided for any mild to heavy vibrating service.
h) Shatterproof glass shall be provided for pressure gauges.

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i) For the details of Pressure transmitter, please refer to the clause “Field transmitters”,
clause no. 7.4 below.
7.3. LEVEL INSTRUMENTS

For LNG and similar cryogenic / critical services magnetic level gauges shall only be considered.
For other utility services reflex type or transparent type level gauges may be considered as
applicable.
7.3.1. MAGNETIC LEVEL GAUGE
a) Magnetic type level gauges shall be used for :
 viscous liquid
 Liquid with crystals
 sour services, toxic services or dangerous products
b) Visible length will be limited to about 3 meters for individual gauges. For higher range,
requirements multiple gauges shall be with a minimum of 100mm overlap over the visible
range shall be used.
c) The flanges for the magnetic level gauges shall be of SS 316 material as a minimum.
7.3.2. TRANSPARENT / REFLEX LEVEL GAUGE
a) All gauge glasses shall be steel armored reflex or transparent type with body and cover
material of forged carbon steel as a minimum and shall have tempered borosilicate
glass with suitable non-asbestos gasket. Transparent type of gauges shall be provided
with integral illuminators operating at 240 V 50 Hz supply and suitable for electrical area
classification specified. All gauge glasses must have a rating equal to or more than the
vessel design pressure and temperature.
b) Reflex type shall be used for clean and colorless liquids, for liquid level interface. For low
temperature, low boiling point service, large chamber type will be used. Transparent type
will be used on acid, caustic, dirty or viscous, colored liquids and liquid interface.
Transparent type with Mica or Kel-F shields shall be used for treated water, boiler and

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condensate services, and for corrosive liquids, which will attack glass. Tubular gauge
glasses shall not be used, in general. .
c) Large chamber gauges with frost shields shall be provided for cold services below zero
Deg C. Heating jacket shall be provided for viscous liquids.

d) All gauges shall have top and bottom chamber connections, unless otherwise
specified. In addition, each gauge shall be provided with ball check valves and pipe union.
e) The visible range of level gauge shall be selected to cover the complete operating level as
well as measuring range of the other level instruments provided for the same purpose.
f) In any case, the maximum C-C distance shall not exceed 1500 mm for a single gauge.
Multiple gauges with overlapping visible range of 100 mm shall be used for such cases.
g) Gauge glass cocks shall be forged offset type with an integral ball check and back seating
stem. Primary isolation valves are normally required in addition to the gauge glass cocks,
except on vented tanks containing harmless liquids. Where the process fluid tends to foul
the cocks internals and create plugging or where leakage is a problem, gauge valve may
be eliminated. On low temperature service, with liquids having very high vapor pressure at
ambient temperature, safety valve shall be provided at the vent connection of the gauge
glass.
7.3.3. LEVEL TRANSMITTER
a) In general, contact or non-contact type radar level transmitter shall be used.
b) In radar level instruments, antenna shall be selected suitable for the specified process
conditions including dielectric constant, viscosity and performance requirements.
c) . Radar gauge on storage tanks shall be with 6” still well and 6” process connection.
d) Displacer type level instrument can be used where radar type level transmitter is not
suitable like for interface level measurement.
e) External displacer type instruments with side-side connections and rotatable head, shall
normally be used for level measurement up to 1219 mm. Side-bottom connections are

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preferred where RTJ flanges are required. Internal displacer type of level transmitters shall
be avoided unless application necessitates its use.
f) All displacer type of level transmitters shall be of torque tube type with torque tube material
of Inconel, as a minimum.
7.3.4. TANK LEVEL INSTRUMENTS
a) Mechanical float type gauge shall be used for atmosphere tanks where level
measurement accuracy requirement is of the order of 2 mm. Liquid seal chamber shall be
used where tank contents are toxic or tank is blanketed.
b) Servo type gauges shall be used for level measurement of pressurized tanks / vessels /
spheres requiring remote signal transmission and better level measurement accuracies.
Level / data transmission signal to CCB shall be digital only. Servo type instruments shall
have 6" process connection with 6” diameter still well.
c) All tank level gauges shall have side mounted indicator-counter type for mechanical float
type and solid-state digital for servo controlled level gauge. The tank side indicator for both
types of gauges shall have hoisting facility.
d) The wetted material like float, displacer, tape, wire etc. shall be SS316, as a minimum.
e) The accessories for servo-controlled level gauge shall include calibration chamber and
isolation ball valves for pressurized tanks. Isolation ball valve size shall be same as
equipment nozzle size.
f) Whenever specified, averaging tank temperature element shall be provided. The

temperature elements shall be RTD. Number of temperature elements shall be as per API
Standards.
g) Non-contact Radar type tank gauges shall be used for storage tanks handling viscous
fluids.
h) Other special type of level instruments like ultrasonic, hydrostatic, nucleonic, capacitance,
conductivity type etc., shall be used as necessitated by application requirements.

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i) For high-pressure steam drum application conductivity type (hydra step or equivalent) level
instrument shall be preferred.
7.4. FLOW INSTRUMENTS

7.4.1. ORIFICE PLATES
a) Flow measurement shall normally be carried out using thin square edged concentric orifice
plate mounted between a pair of weld neck flanges of minimum 300 # ANSI rating for line
size 2" and above. Flange taps shall be used for line sizes up to 14" while D-D/2 taps shall
be used for line sizes 16" and above. For line sizes 1-1/2" and below for conical entrance
orifices corner taps shall be used. CONTRACTOR to check fouling of tapping point with
respect to welding of flange. In case of fouling, flange tap shall only be used. The material
of the orifice plates shall be SS316, as a minimum.
b) Quadrant edge or quarter circle orifice plates shall be used when lower Reynolds number
does not permit the use of squared edge orifices as per codes.
c) Conical entrance type of orifice plates shall preferably be used for very highly viscous
liquids up to throat Reynolds number of 250.
d) Vent and Drain holes shall be provided in orifice plates, wherever necessary.
e) Sizing of orifice plate shall be carried out in accordance with ISO-5167. Other sizing
methods like AGA Report No.3, 'Flow measurement-Engineering Handbook' by R.W. Miller
shall be used as required.
f) Differential range for orifice meter shall normally be 2500 mm of H2O dry calibration.
g) Other preferred ranges are 500, 1250, 5000 and 10000 mm of H2O. However, the
selected value shall be less than the allowable pressure drop.
h) Upstream and downstream straight length shall be provided based on maximum d/D ratio
of 0.75, in general. Where it is difficult to meet this requirement, the actual d/D ratio can be
considered for reducing the straight length as permitted by the codes. The recommended

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practice shall be as per API-MPMS, Recommended Practices and AGA Report No.3. Flow
straighteners should be considered, where straight runs are difficult to achieve otherwise.
i) Meter taps shall be horizontal for liquids, condensable vapors and steam. The taps shall
be on top for gas, non-condensable vapor, or liquids, which boil at or below the maximum
design ambient temperature at operating pressure. Where piping clearances are a factor,
taps may be located up to 45 Deg above the horizontal centre line for condensable vapor,
liquid and steam. The taps may be located up to 60 Deg from vertical for gas and non-
condensable vapor. When both the tapings are considered on the same side of the
assembly, the nipple location/length shall be staggered for necessary clearance between
the isolation valves. At least one pair of additional tapping shall be provided for each orifice
flange. Where more than one transmitter is to be used, separate pair of tapings shall be
provided for each transmitter.
7.4.2. INTEGRAL ORIFICE
a) For flow measurement in lines less than 2", integral flow transmitters shall be selected.
The integral flow assembly shall be supplied as an integral assembly consisting of
upstream and downstream straight pipes, integral orifice of SS 316 (as a minimum) and
transmitter installed along with manifold. Material of construction of all elements except for
end flanges shall be SS316 as a minimum. Material for end flanges shall be as per piping
specifications. Upstream and downstream pipes shall be honed from inside to achieve
smooth surface. Flange rating shall be minimum 300#.
b) Integral orifice meters, when used, shall be installed with block and bypass valves. Orifice
meters with metering runs may also be used for lines less than 2".
7.4.3. MAGNETIC TYPE FLOW METERS
a) Magnetic type flow meters shall be used for electrically conductive slurry or corrosive
services.
b) Magnetic flow meter shall be installed with line size bypass, with block and clean out
valves, at the lowest point in piping to ensure that meter run is always liquid filled.
c) Grounding rings shall be used wherever required.

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7.4.4. VORTEX METER
a) Vortex meter shall be considered where high rangeability is the prime requirement.
b) The use of vortex meters may be considered for liquid flows not containing vapors, dust &
solid particles. Vortex meter application may also be considered for dry gas flows. Vortex
meters are particularly useful where one meter can measure multiple flow cases and the
installation of orifice plate and d/p transmitter(s) becomes too complex due to turndown
ratio.
7.4.5. ULTRASONIC FLOW METER
a) Ultrasonic flow measurement shall be considered where non-intrusive flow measurement

is required and in custody transfer application for gases.
b) For flare flow measurements, which requires very high rangeability, ultrasonic flow meters
shall be used.
c) Ultrasonic flow meters shall be multi-path type, if dictated by the accuracy requirements.
7.4.6. AVERAGING PITOT TUBE
a) Averaging Pitot tube shall be considered for low-pressure loss, high velocity steam, large
diameter lines and air ducts.
b) This shall be installed on 1-1/2" size nozzle for lines up to 6” and 3" for line sizes 8” and
above. For lines where high fluid velocities are encountered, 3’’ size shall be used.
c) The average Pitot tube shall be of SS 316 material, as a minimum shall be provided with
end support, wherever required.
d) On-line retraction arrangement with ball valves shall be provided for each average Pitot
tube installation.
7.4.7. MASS FLOW METER
a) Coriolis mass flow meter shall be used for flow measurements, which cannot be obtained
by measuring differential pressure.

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b) For large rangeability or high accuracy or corrosive services (tungsten or hastelloy internal
tubes), mass flow meter may be used.
c) Thermal mass flowmeter may be used in special cases where a very large rangeability is
required e.g. flow measurement combustion air duct, where thermal conductivity of the
measured fluid remains constant.
7.4.8. VARIABLE AREA FLOW METERS
a) Variable area flow meters shall be used for viscous or corrosive services, or where
rangeability in flow precludes the use of an orifice. Applications shall be generally
restricted to measurements requiring local indications only.
b) In general, only metal tube variable area flow meters shall be used for all process fluids.
c) External devices for indicating or transmitting shall be magnetically coupled to the float or
extension.
7.4.9. TURBINE METER AND POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT METER
a) Turbine and positive displacement meters shall be used for accurate flow integration for
custody transfer etc., when specified. Whenever PD meter is selected, these shall be
double casing type with inner casing of SS 316 as a minimum. Whenever turbine meter is
selected, it shall have SS 316 turbine with tungsten carbide bearings. Pulser and the
transmitter selected shall be compatible and should have a proven combination reference.
b) Positive displacement meters are not recommended for use with non-lubricating liquids
such as propane, butane, etc.
c) Flow limiting devices shall be considered to prevent over-ranging of positive displacement

meters, consideration should be given to limiting the maximum pressure drop and meter
shall be protected against damage due to hydraulic shock, caused by the quick opening
and closing of valves.

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7.5. FIELD TRANSMITTERS
a) Field transmitters for flow, pressure, differential pressure and level applications shall be 2’
pipe mounted smart HART type unless specified otherwise. These transmitters shall be
certified intrinsically safe, in general, with 2-wire system having 4 - 20 mA DC output with
superimposed digital signal having simultaneous analog and digital communication.

Communication protocol shall be HART only.
b) Transmitters shall be provided with external zero adjustment and shall have integral
vent/drain.
c) All transmitters shall be provided with integral intrinsically safe output meter. Intrinsically
safe remote mounted local indicator shall only be provided, if specified in the P&IDs. All
output meters shall provide digital LCD display.
d) The transmitter shall be microprocessor based and it shall incorporate a non-volatile

memory, which shall store complete configuration data of transmitter. All necessary signal
conversions, including conversion to produce output with the required protocol shall be
carried out in the transmitter electronics.
e) Transmitter shall also run complete diagnostic routine. In the event of detection of failure,
the output shall be driven to predefined value, which can be programmed at site.
f) The response time of smart transmitters shall be commensurate with the process. It shall
be equal or better than the half of the scan time of control loop. In general, the transmitter
response time shall be 150 mS or better.
g) HART protocol of latest version shall be used and shall be suitable for HART maintenance
system with corner stone software or equivalent with the following features as minimum:
h) It shall allow multi masters (two for example, primary and secondary) for configuration,
calibration, diagnosis and maintenance. The primary could be control system or host
computer and the secondary could be the hand held communicator or a maintenance
computer.

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i) Diaphragm seal element with capillary shall be used for congealing, corrosive and highly
viscous services.
7.6. CONTROL VALVES

a) Control valves shall normally be globe type, single seated or double seated. Other type of
valve like butterfly, ball, rotary plug, angle or 3 way etc., shall be selected as per
service requirements.
b) Control valves shall be sized for a minimum wide-open capacity of 110 percent of
maximum flow. The selected valve should normally be 60 to 80 percent open at normal
flow. The selected valve shall be no less than 10 percent open at minimum flow, or
shall be within the MANUFACTURER’S minimum throttling Cv recommendation.
c) Control valve body and flange shall be rated for 300# and wetted parts of the valve shall
be SS316 as a minimum.
d) Control valve sizing shall be carried out as per ISA S75-01. All valves in cryogenic service
(i.e. the valves installed in piping classes used for temperature below -29 Deg. C) shall be
designed and tested as per BS-6364.
e) In general, the limit for noise generated by control valves shall be 85dBA or less, as
measured at a distance of 1 meter from the valve for any flow condition.
f) All valves shall be specified with their required tight shut-off (TSO) classification in
accordance with ANSI/FCI 70.2, classes I through VI. Standard leakage class for Control
valves shall be Class IV.
7.7. ON – OFF VALVES
a) On - Off valves shall generally be ball type and comply with piping specifications. Other
types, such as butterfly etc., shall be selected as per the requirements.
b) Control valve body and flange shall be rated for 300# and wetted parts of the valve shall
be SS316 as a minimum.

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c) All on-off valves used as ESD valves and are coming in fire prone areas as per the fire
classification zones shall have fireproofing.
d) All valves in cryogenic service (i.e. the valves installed in piping classes used for
temperature below -29 Deg C) shall be designed and tested as per BS-6364.
e) Following actuator shall be selected:
 Quarter turn rotating actuator, single acting, piston type, spring return.
 Quarter turn, double acting piston type.
 Electric actuator with inching facility, position indication, etc. in a two- wire system.
 Hydraulic actuator for isolation valves and require approval of the COMPANY.
f. The actuator material shall be of carbon steel. Aluminium actuators shall not be used.
7.8. MOTOR OPERATED VALVES
a) The valve body and flange shall be rated as per piping class with a minimum of 300#.
Wetted parts of the valve shall be of SS316 as a minimum.
b) The electric MOV actuator shall be suitable for outdoor use and shall be supplied
complete with all electric and control/ starter components.
c) Actuator shall incorporate motor, integral reversing starter and local control facilities. The
actuator shall be complete in all respect and shall be inclusive of all mounting hardware
and other accessories.
d) The actuator shall be sized to provide sufficient thrust and / or torque to guarantee
complete travel of the valve under operating conditions, using a factor of 1.25 times the
maximum shut- in head pressure to ensure that the actuator has sufficient built- in power
to operate the valve from a closed –in system or to ensure seating against such a
condition.
e) The electric motor shall be 3 phase asynchronous, high- torque, squirrel cage type with
lifetime pre-lubricated bearing, unless specified otherwise.

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f) The electric actuator shall have minimum Exd certification and weather proof to IP 65.
g) A safety factor 1.5 shall be applied for actuator torque calculations.

7.9. PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES

a) The pressure relief valve shall meet the requirements of API recommended practice 526
“Flanged Steel Pressure Relief valves”.
b) Conventional relief valves shall be used in service where there is no backpressure, or

where the backpressure is constant.
c) Balanced bellows relief valves shall be used where:
 The backpressure may exceed 10% of the set pressure or is not a constant value,
so as not to affect the set pressure of the valve.
 The fluid is corrosive or toxic when it is necessary to protect the spring and upper
packing of the valve against the effect of corrosive fluid (particularly bellow will be
used on safety relief valves discharging to sour gas flare).
d) Pilot operated valves shall be considered where:
 The total backpressure (superimposed + built-up) exceed 50 % of the set pressure.
 Light gases at high set pressure are encountered.
 Operating pressure is close to set pressure (Pop  90% SP).
 Quick opening and closing is required.
 On clean gas in pulsating service, or when the set pressure is less than 10 % above
the operating pressure and for very high capacities.
e) Safety valves on cryogenic services shall be supplied with extended bonnet. Material for
the extended bonnet and temperature transfer fins shall be suitable for the minimum
design temperature of the PSV.
f) Safety relief valves shall be flanged (minimum 300#), flanges being an integral part of the
body casing and not attached by welding.

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g) For thermal relief valves ¾” NPTM x 1” NPTF type with orifice D (0.71 cm2) will be used.
7.10. RUPTURE DISC

a) Rupture discs shall be reverse buckling type, in general and shall be supplied in pre-
torqued holder assembly, which shall fit inside the inner diameter of the bolt circle of
standard ASME flanges. Disc material shall be compatible with the vessel contents and
shall be consistent with the bursting requirements.
b) Following shall be taken care when rupture disc is used upstream of the pressure relief
valve:
 Derating factor of 0.9 shall be used for capacity sizing of the PSV.
 A telltale assembly consisting of pressure switch, pressure gauge and excess flow
check valve shall be provided to indicate leakage/rupture downstream of the rupture
disc.
c) For each rupture disc, four (1 testing + 3 spare) discs shall be provided.
7.11. DESUPERHEATERS
a) The design of the Desuperheater shall be based on the capacity and rangeability
requirements to meet heat & mass transfer equation. The following points shall be
ensured while sizing & designing the system apart from other considerations:
 turndown of desuperheaters and coolant
 minimum velocity requirements
 allowable pressure drop
 Minimum pipe straight run required, upstream & downstream.
 location of temperature sensor at downstream
 design of control scheme
b) The desuperheaters shall be of insertion type design, in general, and shall consists of a
coolant injection assembly with sleeve and atomising nozzles inserted perpendicular to

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the process line. Other types including in line mounted desuperheaters like variable
orifice, nozzle etc. shall be used based on process conditions.
c) Temperature control valve in the coolant line shall be integral to the desuperheater, in
general. Whenever separate control valve is necessary, its design, sizing, compatibility
and suitability with the desuperheater shall be ensured.
d) Whenever pressure reduction is also required with desuperheating, integral design of

desuperheater with pressure reduction shall be offered unless otherwise specified.
e) The desuperheater and the pressure reducing control valve’s body rating shall be 300#
rated as a minimum.
f) The insertion type desuperheater shall be suitable for mounting on 3" size flanged nozzle.
g) The material of all wetted parts shall be suitable for the process being handled at its
operating and design flow, pressure and temperature. As minimum, SS316 shall be
considered for wetted parts.
h) The desuperheater shall be sized to maintain temperature at the outlet of the

desuperheater within 5 Deg C in general.
7.12. ANALYSER SYSTEM
7.12.1. PROCESS ANALYZERS
a) In general, system shall consist of probe, sample tube, pressure reduction, sample
conditioning, fast loop operation, analyser and vent connection to flare.
b) Probe: As recommended by analyser VENDOR with isolation valve and material suitable
for the application.
c) Sample tube: Sample tube material shall be suitable for process condition with size as
recommended by VENDOR. The samples consisting of condensable vapour shall be with
electricity traced sample tube with temperature control.

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d) Sample conditioning system: Generally, sample-conditioning system shall be as per API

standards, meeting analysis requirement. The pressure reduction where required shall be
provided with a safety valve at its downstream. Variable area flowmeters shall be provided
for fast loop. For the stream where solid particles are expected, necessary filters shall be
used. Provision for necessary condensate knockoff system shall be provided, if
applicable.
e) Analyser: The type of analyser shall be as per process requirement. The analysers shall
be installed in the analyser shelter/room in general. In case where no analyser shelter
exists, the analyser shall be installed in a freestanding analyser cabinet. The analyser
cabinet shall be provided with a vortex cooler or air conditioning unit suitable for the area
classification.
f) Process stream analysers shall be microprocessor based and their sample handling
system shall be designed and fabricated by the analyser VENDOR only. The analyser
vents and drain shall be routed to process or flare as applicable.
g) Enclosure: All the analyser shall be individually certified for area classification and
required gas grouping. All electrical component of the analyser system shall be certified
as per area classification.
h) Calibration gas cylinder/consumables: All calibration cylinders and other necessary items
for analyser calibration shall be supplied by the CONTRACTOR, considering the
requirement of start-up / commissioning, warranty period plus two years normal operation.
The cylinders shall be located outside the shelter/cabinets and CONTRACTOR shall
provide suitable mounting accessories for the same. Cylinders shall be supplied in two
sets, one shall be used and the other for storage and filling.
i) Analysers like pH, Conductivity shall be two-wire type and shall be installed outdoor.
7.12.2. FLUE GAS ANALYZERS
a) Flue gas monitoring system shall be used for continuous emission of stack and heaters.
b) Typically SOx, NOx, SPM, O2, CO and CO2 analysers are required for stack and heaters.

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c) O2 Analysers :
 Zirconia type (unless paramagnetic type required for process condition).

d) SOx/NOx/CO/CO2
 Dilution type for SOx, NOx, and hot extraction type for CO/CO2 with principle to
meet the required specification and performance unless otherwise specified.
e) Probe: Probe shall be provided with necessary filter and material suitable for the
temperature and process condition. The dilution shall take place near the probe where
dilution type is specified.
f) Sample tubing: Minimum SS for dilution type. Teflon tube electrically heat traced and
armoured for extraction type. Automatic temperature control shall be provided for the
tubes.
g) Sample conditioning: Pressure reduction, heating/cooling flow meters etc. along with other
system components as per API and as recommended by VENDOR. Provision of first loop,
condensate knock off shall be provided.
h) Analysers: Analysers shall be electronic microprocessor based with full diagnostic facility.
i) The analysers shall be located inside prefabricated analyser shelters.
7.12.3. ANALYZER SHELTERS
a) The flue gas analysers shall be located in a prefabricated analyser shelter. Minimum width
of the analyser shelter shall be 3 m. The design and construction of the shelter shall be
self-supporting type and it shall be capable of housing required analysers, sample
handling system and other accessories. All the air conditioner, all electrical component
shall be certified flame proof (Exd) of required gas grouping.
b) The structure of shelter shall be constructed by suitable size welded properly and
adequately sized to ensure structural rigidity and to prevent deformation during loading /
unloading of the shelter. The floor shall be constructed from anti slip-sheet plates strong
enough to withstand load of all the equipment and at least three maintenance personnel.

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c) External sidewalls and internal sidewalls shall be adequately strong and shall be of SS
sheet.
d) The shelter roof shall be adequately strong and sealed to prevent entry of rain and jet
water.
e) The shelter shall be provided with a duct of suitable height for air suction from safe area.
f) The shelter shall be provided with main door and an emergency door opposite to main
door. Both doors shall be opening outwards, provided with safety glass window and
automatic spring door closer.
g) Extension roof provided along the two longer sides shall be hanged at least 1000 mm
outside the analyser shelter.
h) The tag numbers of analysers shall be fixed near the main door. The tag number of each
analyser shall be fixed near the respective items. Inlet/outlet pipes, electrical wires inside
the junction box and cables shall be identified.
i) Provision shall be made for keeping all the fast loop devices outside the shelter.
j) Shelter shall have inside temperature of 24 Deg C +/- 2% with humidity less than 50% to
obtain repeatability and reliability of the analysers.
k) Each shelter shall be provided with oxygen deficiency and LEL detectors along with Fire &
gas detection system with audio-visual alarm annunciation.
l) Auto and span control:
 CONTRACTOR shall provide all hardware and software required for auto zero and
span calibration.
m) Calibration Gas Cylinder/Consumables
 All calibration cylinders and other necessary items for analyser calibration shall be
supplied by the CONTRACTOR, considering the requirement of start-up /
commissioning warranty period plus two years normal operation. The cylinders shall
be located outside the cabinets and CONTRACTOR shall provide suitable mounting

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accessories for the same. Cylinders shall be supplied in two sets, one shall be used
and the other for storage and filling.
 Flue gas analysers for emission monitoring (i.e. SOx, NOx, CO2, COx, and O2)
shall meet the requirements of EPA, USA regulations.

7.13. LOCAL CONTROL PANEL
a) Local control panel for the package units shall be installed within the battery limit of the
package considering operational and maintenance requirements and accessibility. In case
of skid-mounted packages, panel shall be located away from the skid.
b) In case local control panel is housed outdoor, panel must be provided with a rain cum
sunshade canopy/shed.
c) MOC of local control panel shall be SS 316L and IP-65 certified as a minimum.
d) All cable entries to the local panel shall be from panel bottom only using cable glands of
adequate size. Cable gland plate thickness shall be SS 316L as a minimum. All unused
cable entries must be plugged.
e) All hinges, screws and other non-painted metallic parts shall be of stainless steel material.
f) Local control panel shall be totally enclosed cubicles. Panel sizing shall be carried out
based on equipment being installed keeping in view the maintenance clearances and
easiness. Although the panel dimensions shall be guided by the actual requirements,
typical dimensions of 2100 mm operational (height) x 1200 mm (width) x 1000 mm (depth)
shall be kept in mind while finalising the panel size. In any case, VENDOR shall not
proceed with panel manufacturing before getting prior approval from the purchaser.
g) Local control panels located in the hazardous area shall be either purged type or
flameproof Ex-d. In case pressurised panels are specified, the same shall be purged and
pressurised as per NFPA-496 requirements to render space within the panel non-
hazardous. For panels located in IEC Zone 2 hazardous area, type Z purging shall be
used with a purge fail alarm in CCB. In case, panels are located in Zone-1, type X-purge
shall be considered as per the requirement of NFPA-496.

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h) An alarm shall be provided on local panel and a contact shall be provided for remote
annunciation, whenever the panel pressurisation falls below the specified limits. A
protective device to protect the panel from over pressure must be provided.
i) Panel pressurisation with start-up panel purging scheme shall be fully automatic however,
it shall be started manually with push button. Instrument required for panel purging as
solenoid valves, differential pressure instrument, etc. required for panel purging shall be
flameproof. Other items like valves, restriction orifice plates, dual filter regulators,
pressure gauges, variable area flow meters etc. required for pressurisation, shall also be
located in the non-pressurised section of the panel.
j) It shall be possible to switch off incoming power to panel from panel front. All such power
on/off switches shall be flameproof type.
k) In addition, all those devices and terminals, which cannot be powered off from on/off
switches, shall also be located inside flameproof enclosures.
7.14. LOCAL GAUGE BOARD
a) Local gauge board shall be used to install skid-mounted instruments like pressure
gauges, temperature gauges and transmitters.
b) Location of local gauge boards, when provided, shall be decided to allow easy access at
the rear and front for all instruments and accessories for maintenance and operation.
c) Local gauge board shall be supplied with all instruments installed and completely
in tubed/wired condition before shipment.
8. PACKAGE REQUIREMENTS
A detailed specification for Package Units shall be prepared by the CONTRACTOR and submitted to
CLIENT, for approval during detailed engineering. However, minimum requirement as follows:
The instrumentation offered for the packages shall be complete in all respect, as required for a
smooth, trouble free start-up, efficient operation / monitoring and a safe shutdown. All the required
controls systems, local control panels, local gauge boards etc., shall also be provided for the purpose.

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The VENDOR shall furnish all in-line, off-line and package / skid mounted instrumentation that forms
an integral part of the equipment. This shall include all field instruments, e.g. transmitters, final control
elements etc., interlocks, shutdown devices and circuitry as detailed in this document and the
equipment specification. CONTRACTOR shall supply all instrumentation outside the equipment
boundary except as noted in the equipment specification. The system controlling the package will be
the continuously manned plant either DCS or a dedicated UCP/PLC supplied by VENDOR.
The simple package units, its Emergency Shutdown System (ESD) and Interlock systems will be
functionally integrated with the main plant ESD System. A dedicated system for the package unit shall
be used for complex packages with COMPANY approval.
The package unit Fire & Gas System (FGS) will be functionally integrated with the main plant FGS
system.
The VENDOR shall provide engineering and design for the instrumentation, control and safety
systems for his packaged unit. This shall include specifications and drawings for instruments / systems
in his scope of supply. The VENDOR shall follow the main plant design principles, specifications and
philosophies to the extent possible for the package instrumentation also. Only in cases, where the
VENDOR feels that it is very much essential to deviate from the main plant specifications and designs,
to ensure proper functioning and operation of the packages, then only deviation with respect to design
and selection shall be acceptable.
The VENDOR shall use CONTRACTOR’S general specifications and installation standards. Formats
of these will be provided by the CONTRACTOR during Project execution. The same also applies to
design instructions.
The VENDOR shall provide functional logic diagrams for special and/or proprietary systems in his
supply. Detailed write-ups for start-up, sequence control and safeguarding and (emergency) shutdown
procedures and loops (complete with SIL assessments) shall be prepared by VENDOR for the entire
package.
The VENDOR shall provide trip relay / PLC functional logic listing with detailed information for
maintenance (Tag Numbers, Terminals, Set Point, Range, Location, etc.).
Major equipment VENDOR shall provide local start/stop panel. The local start/stop panel shall have
essential monitoring gauges / lamps and push buttons for start / normal stop / emergency stop.

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Auxiliary systems (lube oil consoles, seal gas modules, etc.,) shall have individual local gauge board.
Control and monitoring configurations shall be provided by plant DCS to enable equipment train /
package to be operated, unattended, in a “Fail Safe” manner.
Stand-by pump piping/instrumentation/motor control centre shall be designed for simultaneous

operation during testing of stand-by pump. Duty and standby equipment shall be so arranged that
common mode failure scenario will not cause both duty and standby to be unavailable.
All instrument SUBVENDORS shall be subject to CONTRACTOR approval based on owner approved
vendor list.
For complex packages such as BOG Compressor, Truck Loading, Unloading arm, SCV etc., a
separate independent PLC / UCP system should be provided by the VENDOR which would perform
the control, monitoring and interlock functions dedicate to package equipment. The number and type
of the PLC/UCP shall be decided to suit the functions intended. PLC system shall be interfaced
through to plant DCS suitably. Signal segregation with respect to the signals and the system to which
these signals are connected shall be carried out by the VENDOR and separate Junctions Boxes shall
be considered.
For critical interlocks, 2oo3 philosophy shall be followed for field transmitters/sensors, which shall be
finalized during the detailed engineering stage and further during SIL study.
9. MACHINE CONDITION MONITORING (MCM) SYSTEM
A detailed specification for Machine Condition Monitoring system shall be prepared by the
CONTRACTOR and submitted to CLIENT for approval, during detailed engineering. However,
minimum requirement as follows:
The functions of the Machinery Monitoring System are:
a) To protect the machinery by providing predictive analysis methods allowing reliability

engineers to determine necessary remedial action.
b) To assist the reliability engineers in predicting and anticipating time based deterioration of
rotating equipment with sufficient lead-time and warnings to permit corrective action prior
to failure.
c) To assist the reliability engineer in detecting degradation of performance and

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efficiency to prevent unnecessary utilisation of energy resources or subject machinery to

continued harmful operation.
d) To affect automatic safe shutdown of critical machinery before extensive machine damage
results due to excessive vibration, axial displacement, bearing temperature or other

monitored condition.
Machine monitoring systems shall be supplied for major pumps, and all compressors, gearboxes, gas
and other rotating Equipment. The system shall automatically acquire, analyze, monitor and display
data obtained directly from field transducers or other protection monitors.
The MCM system shall consist of vibration monitoring racks, data sampling and storage processors
and monitoring PC s located in Central Control Building and other locations where applicable. Fully
configured data acquisition and display software for the associated MCM conditioning equipment is to
be provided on MCM cabinet slider rack mounted, network permanently connected PC’s. The MCM
system shall be able to be interrogated for information and faults through the MCM networked slider
rack computers, desktop computers in computer server room / maintenance office and via DCS
consoles / workstations.
10. EARTHING
The earthing of measurement, control and computer systems shall be arranged to prevent electrical
interference. Particular attention shall be given to the arrangement of earthing circuits to prevent
unwanted circulating currents in earthing, signal and measurement conductors and screens.
Three separate earth pits with redundant earth bus shall be provided for the intrinsically safe earth,
Non Intrinsically safe earth and frame / body earth. All the three earth pits shall be connected to form a
grid.
All circuit grounds of electronic instruments, shields and drain wires of signal cables shall be
connected to instrument ground bus, which is electrically isolated from the AC mains earthing bus.
This bus shall be typically 25mm wide and 6 mm thick of copper.
The instrument ground bus is connected to independent, instrument system ground buses through
insulated wires.

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11. IDENTIFICATION AND MARKING
a) All electrical terminations and equipment on the cabinet and other accessories shall be
identified with appropriate tag, cable marker, etc.
b) All terminals in a terminal strip shall be identified by their individual numbers located
integral with the terminal itself.
c) Interconnecting multicables shall be identified by metal tags as indicated in cable

schedules.
d) Wiring at terminals shall be identified by the terminal number and termination service at
the other end of the wire. Wiring at instruments and accessories like alarm relays, push
buttons etc. shall have ferrules indicating tag number, terminal number and the
termination service at the other end of the wire.
e) Looping connections shall be identified by termination services at both ends of the wire.
12. PAINTING
The painting / coating shall be followed in totality for all the instrument items such as:
a) All line mounted and equipment mounted instruments.
b) All instrument impulse piping.
c) All instrument structural items like instrument supports and tray/ duct supports, instrument
stanchion, impulse support, etc.
d) All surface of GI items wherever repair has been carried out shall undergo painting as per
requirements.
e) All cabinets/ panels, base frames that have undergone repair at site shall also be painted.
f) Final coating on external surface shall be applied just before handling over the plant or
commissioning of plant.

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13. SPARES PHILOSOPHY
13.1. MANDATORY SPARES

Mandatory spares for instrumentation and control system shall be provided as below unless
otherwise specified:
a) 10% spare instruments or minimum one of each range, type and material of
construction (except for control valves, pressure relief valves, displacer type
instruments, level gauges, flowmeters, analysers and special instruments)
b) Valves: 10% or minimum 1 set of each type and material of trim; 2 sets of soft parts for
each valve.
c) 10% spares shall be considered for the valve accessories as limit switches, solenoid
valves and air filter regulators.
13.2. 2 YEARS OPERATIONAL SPARES
List of all recommended spares for 2 years of operation like gaskets, O-rings, diaphragms etc. as
required for all instruments for two years of trouble free operation shall be provided.
13.3. COMMISSIONING SPARES
Any kind of spares required for start-up & commissioning shall be provided.
13.4. CONSUMABLE SPARES
Consumable spares for a minimum of one year duration after acceptance and shall include chart
paper, printer paper, ink, cartridges, floppies etc. required for recorders, printers and hard copier
units, unless otherwise specified elsewhere.
14. INSPECTION AND TESTING REQUIREMENT
a) An inspection and test plan shall be issued by CONTRACTOR for COMPANY review and
approval to define hold points, inspections and document reviews.

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b) Witnessed inspections at the factory for each instrument shall be as follows: Inspection
method for all instruments shall be in accordance with the VENDOR’s standard and
norms.
c) Check of the conformity certificate for all classified equipment.

d) Check that the instruments comply with the general and specific specification(s) and
datasheet(s) attached to the requisition.
e) Check of labelling, legal stamping and nameplates.
f) Calibration check & Inspection of all control valves, safety relief valves and analyzers shall
be witnessed by COMPANY.
g) Instruments other than the above items shall be subject to random witness / inspections at
the rate of 10% or more. The remainder will be subject to an examination of inspection
reports to be provided by the VENDOR.
h) Items for inspection shall include the checking of specifications, quantities, appearance
and performance.
i) Pressure test shall be carried out by the Manufacturer according to the pressure design
indicated on the specification data sheets and codes requirements.
j) Pressure test certificates shall be delivered by the VENDOR at the time of equipment
inspection and delivery.


Design Basis For Instrumentation For LLNGG

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Design Basis For Instrumentation For LLNGG

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h a n g e Vi h a n g e Vi

INSTRUMENTATION DESIGN BASIS

2. ACRONYMES AND DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................ 5

3. CODES & STANDARDS............................................................................................................................. 6

4. DOCUMENT PRECEDENCE ...................................................................................................................... 9

5. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ..................................................................................................................... 9

5.1. SELECTION AND SPECIFICATION OF INSTRUMENTS................................................................................................................... 9

5.2. UNITS OF MEASUREMENT ............................................................................................................................................................. 10

5.3. SELECTION OF RANGES ................................................................................................................................................................ 11

5.4. SIGNAL TRANSMISSION ................................................................................................................................................................. 11

5.4.1. GENERAL ..................................................................................................................................................... 11

5.6. STATUTORY APPROVALS............................................................................................................................................................... 13

5.7. NAMEPLATE ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 13

5.8. FIELD COMMUNICATOR .................................................................................................................................................................. 13

5.9. HART MAINTENANCE ...................................................................................................................................................................... 14

6. DESIGN PHILOSOPHY ............................................................................................................................ 15

6.1. GENERAL .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 15

6.2. INSTRUMENT CONNECTIONS ........................................................................................................................................................ 16

6.3. INSTRUMENT ACCURACY .............................................................................................................................................................. 17

6.4. INSTRUMENT INTERFACE WITH CENTRAL CONTROL BUILDING.............................................................................................. 18

7. GENERAL REQUIREMENT OF INSTRUMENTS .................................................................................... 19

7.1. TEMPERAURE INSTRUMENTS ....................................................................................................................................................... 19

7.1.1. THERMOWELLS ........................................................................................................................................... 19

7.3. LEVEL INSTRUMENTS ..................................................................................................................................................................... 23

7.3.1. MAGNETIC LEVEL GAUGE ........................................................................................................................ 23

CLIENT : ADANI DHAMRA LNG TERMINAL PRIVATE LIMITED

INSTRUMENTATION DESIGN BASIS

7.3.2. TRANSPARENT / REFLEX LEVEL GAUGE ................................................................................................ 23

7.4.1. ORIFICE PLATES ......................................................................................................................................... 26

7.4.3. MAGNETIC TYPE FLOW METERS ............................................................................................................. 27

7.6. CONTROL VALVES .......................................................................................................................................................................... 31

7.7. ON – OFF VALVES ........................................................................................................................................................................... 31

7.8. MOTOR OPERATED VALVES .......................................................................................................................................................... 32

7.9. PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES........................................................................................................................................................... 33

7.10. RUPTURE DISC ................................................................................................................................................................................ 34

7.11. DESUPERHEATERS ......................................................................................................................................................................... 34

7.12. ANALYSER SYSTEM ........................................................................................................................................................................ 35

7.12.1. PROCESS ANALYZERS ................................................................................................................................ 35

7.14. LOCAL GAUGE BOARD ................................................................................................................................................................... 40

9. MACHINE CONDITION MONITORING (MCM) SYSTEM ........................................................................ 42

10. EARTHING ................................................................................................................................................ 43

11. IDENTIFICATION AND MARKING ........................................................................................................... 44

13. SPARES PHILOSOPHY ........................................................................................................................... 45

13.1. MANDATORY SPARES .................................................................................................................................................................... 45

13.2. 2 YEARS OPERATIONAL SPARES .................................................................................................................................................. 45

13.3. COMMISSIONING SPARES ............................................................................................................................................................. 45

13.4. CONSUMABLE SPARES .................................................................................................................................................................. 45

CLIENT : ADANI DHAMRA LNG TERMINAL PRIVATE LIMITED

ADANI DHAMRA LNG TERMINAL PRIVATE LIMITED

INSPECTION AND TESTING REQUIREMENT ........................................................................................ 45

INSTRUMENTATION DESIGN BASIS

provision to expand to 10 MMTPA in future.

2. ACRONYMES AND DEFINITIONS

The following abbreviations are used throughout this Specification:

COMPANY : Adani Dhamra LNG Terminal Private Limited (ADLTPL)

CLIENT : ADANI DHAMRA LNG TERMINAL PRIVATE LIMITED

INSTRUMENTATION DESIGN BASIS

ESD : Emergency Shutdown System

3. CODES & STANDARDS

ISA S 5.1 Instrument Symbols and Identification

CLIENT : ADANI DHAMRA LNG TERMINAL PRIVATE LIMITED

INSTRUMENTATION DESIGN BASIS

Refrigerated & Refrigerated