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BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES

1. What will be the PO2 and PCO2 in the 6. Volume of air that will remain in the
atmospheric air compared to those in the lungs after a normal expiration?
alveolar air? (A) TV + IRV
(A) PO2 lesser, PCO2 higher (B) Only RV

(B) PO2 higher, PCO2 lesser (C) ERV + RV

(D) TV + ERV + IRV
(C) PO2 higher, PCO2 higher
7. Which of the following group of
(D) PO2 lesser, PCO2 lesser animals is used gills for respiration?
(A) Fishes, Frog, Tadpole larva
2. In which respiratory disorder, alveolar
walls are damaged: (B) Fish, Mollusca, Aquatic arthropode
(A) Asthma (B) Emphysema (C) Reptiles, Birds, Mammals
(C) Bronchitis (D) Pneumonia (D) Insects, Earthworm, Mollusca
3. Expiration takes place when the 8. Total volume of air accommodated in
intrapulmonary pressure is: the lungs at the end of a forced
inspiration:
(A) Greater than the atmospheric
pressure (A) ERV + RV
(B) Lesser than the atmospheric (B) TV + ERV
pressure (C) TV + ERV + IRV
(C) Equal to atmospheric pressure (D) TV + ERV + IRV + RV
(D) Equal to intrapleural pressure 9. Respiratory organ of insects is:
4. On an average, a healthy human (A) Moist cuticle
breathers __________ times/minute:
(B) Tracheal tubes
(A) 20-40 (B) 1-6
(C) Body surface
(C) 12-16 (D) 16-25
(D) Gills
5. Incomplete cartilaginous rings support
all of the following except: 10. Sound box is:
(A) Trachea (A) Trachea (B) Larynx
(B) Primary, secondary bronchi (C) Lungs (D) Pharynx
(C) Respiratory bronchioles
(D) Segmental bronchi
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11. The conducting part of respiratory tract 16. Which point is incorrect about
does not help in: regulation of respiration?
(A) Transport the atmospheric air to the (A) Pneumotaxic centre can moderate
alveoli the functions of the respiratory
rhythm centre
(B) Clear air from foreign particles
(B) Chemosensitive area is highly
(C) Humidify and bring the air to body
sensitive to CO2 and hydrogen ions
temperature
(C) Respiratory rhythm centre is
(D) Diffusion of O2 and CO2 between
primarily responsible for respiration
blood and air
regulation
12. Which points are incorrect during
(D) The role of carbon dioxide in the
inspiration?
regulation of respiratory rhythm is
(1) Intra pulmonary pressure is higher quite is significant
than the atmospheric pressure
17. Partial pressure of carbon dioxide in
(2) Contraction in diaphragm and Alveoli, atmospheric air and tissues will
external inter costal muscles be:
(3) Increase in the thoracic volume (A) 0.3, 40, 45 (B) 40, 0.3, 45
(4) Air move from outside to lungs (C) 0.3, 104, 28 (D) 40, 0.3, 28
(5) Pressure over lungs increases 18. Which statement is incorrect?
(A) 1, 3 (B) 2, 3 (A) Volume of air remaining in the
lings after a normal breathing is
(C) 1, 5 (D) 4, 5
2300 mL
13. The average value of functional residual
(B) Inspiration can occur if the pressure
capacity is:
within the lungs is less than
(A) 1100-1200 mL atmospheric pressure
(B) 1500-1600 mL (C) A healthy man can inspire or expire
(C) 2500-3000 mL approximately 6000 to 8000 mL of
air per minute
(D) 2200-2300 mL
(D) When the PCO2 is high and PO2 is
14. The maximum volume of air a person
can breathe out after a forced low in the alveoli, dissociation of
inspiration, is: CO2 from carbamino-haemoglobin
takes place
(A) Vital capacity
19. Read the following statements:
(B) Functional residual capacity
(1) It is a chronic disorder
(C) Inspiratory capacity
(2) Major cause of it is cigarette
(D) Total lung capacity smoking
15. Every 100 mL of oxygenated blood can (3) It is an allergy
deliver around ______ of O2 to the
tissues under normal physiological (4) Alveolar walls are damaged
conditions. (5) Due to inflammation of bronchi and
(A) 20 mL (B) 5 mL bronchioles

(C) 4 mL (D) 1000 mL (6) Respiratory surface is decreased

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How many points are correct about 24. Find out the amount of CO2 which is
Emphysema. delivered by every 100 mL of
deoxygenated blood to the alveoli:
(A) Two (B) Three
(A) 20 mL (B) 4 mL
(C) Four (D) One
(C) 5 mL (D) 50 mL
20. Respiratory rhythm centre lie on:
25. Oxygen haemoglobin dissociation curve
(A) Cerebrum (B) Cerebellum
will shift to right on decrease of:
(C) Medulla (D) Pons
(A) Acidity
21. Exchange of gases in lings occurs
(B) CO2 concentration
through:
(C) Temperature
(A) Simple diffusion
(D) pH
(B) Osmosis
26. Which is correct?
(C) Active transport
(A) Functional Residual capacity >
(D) Plasmolysis
Inspiratory capacity
22. Function residual capacity (FRC) is:
(B) Expiratory capacity > Inspiratory
(A) TV + ERV capacity
(B) TV + ERV + IRV (C) Vital capacity > Functional
(C) ERV + RV Residual capacity
(D) Inspiratory reserve volume >
(D) TV + ERV + IRV + RV
Inspiratory capacity
23. Which statements are correct for
27. Which factor is favourable for binding
oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve?
of O2 with haemoglobin?
(1) This curve is signoid
(A) Low PO2
(2) When CO2 concentration increases,
then this curve shifts towards right (B) High PCO2
side
(C) Lesser H  concentration
(3) Low temperature is favourable for
dissociation of oxygen from (D) High temperature
oxyhaemoglobin
28. Partial pressure of oxygen in alveolar
(4) Binding of oxygen with air, atmospheric air, tissue are
haemoglobin is primarily related to respectively:
partial pressure of O2
(A) 40, 159, 95 (B) 159, 40, 45
(A) 1, 2, 3 are correct
(C) 104, 159, 45 (D) 104, 159, 40
(B) 1, 2, 4 are correct
29. Total volume of air a person can inspire
(C) Only 1 is correct after a normal expiration is:
(D) 2, 3, 4 are correct (A) TV
(B) TV + IRV
(C) TV + IRV + ERV
(D) TV + IRV + ERV + RV

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30. (1) Mammals have negative pressure (A) Two (B) Three
breathing
(C) Four (D) One
(2) The impulses for voluntary
33. How many group of animals in the list
breathing are sent by medulla
given below have lungs for respiration?
oblongata
Earthworm, Frog, Fish, Insects,
(3) The trachea, primary, secondary
Reptiles, Aquatic arthropods, Flatworm,
and tertiary bronchi and initial
Molluscs, Birds
bronchioles are supported by
incomplete cartilaginous rings (A) Six (B) Four
(4) Volume of air remaining in the (C) Three (D) Five
lings even after a forcible expiration
34. Which is correctly matched?
is functional residual capacity
(A) Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) =
How many statements are correct? 1000-1100 mL
(A) Two (B) Three (B) Functional residual capacity (FRC)
(C) One (D) Four = 3500 mL
31. Arrange the given steps of respiration (C) Vital capacity (VC) = 4600 mL
mechanism in the order they occur in: (D) Expiratory reserve volume (ERV) =
(1) Diffusion of gases across the 500 mL
alveolar membrane 35. Read the following statements.
(2) Diffusion of O2 and CO2 between
(1) High H  concentration and higher
blood and tissue
temperature are favourable for
(3) Breathing or pulmonary ventilation dissociation of oxygen from
(4) Utilisation of O2 by the cells oxyhaemoglobin.

(5) Transport of gases by the blood (2) Partial pressure of oxygen in

Alveoli is higher than in tissue.
(A) 1  2  3  4  5
(3) The maximum volume of air a
(B) 3  1  2  5  4 person can breathe in after a forced
expiration is vital capacity.
(C) 3  1  5  2  4
(4) In alveoli PCO2 low and PO2 high
(D) 3  2  4  1  5
are for dissociation of CO2 from
32. Read the following statements: carbanimo-haemoglobin.
(1) Relaxation of diaphragm and inter How many statements are correct?
costal muscles
(A) One (B) Two
(2) Increase in the volume of thoracic
chamber (C) Three (D) Four
(3) Lifts up the ribs and the sternum 36. The respiratory centre in the brain is
stimulated by:
(4) Intra pulmonary pressure is higher
than atmospheric pressure (A) O2 concentration in arterial blood
(5) Increase the pulmonary volume (B) CO2 concentration in venous blood
How many statement are correct about (C) O2 concentration in venous blood
Expiration? (D) CO2 concentration in arterial blood

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37. Binding of oxygen with haemoglobin is (C) TV + IRV

primarily related to which of the
(D) TV + IRV + ERV
following factor?
41. Select the correct option about
(A) Partial pressure of CO2
pulmonary volumes and capacities:
(B) Partial pressure of O2
(1) VC = IRV + TV + ERV
(C) H+ concentration
(2) FRC = IRV + RV
(D) Temperature
(3) IC = IRV + TV
38. Which of the following factors favour
(4) EC = ERV + RV
the formation of oxyhaemoglobin in
lungs? (5) TLC = VC + RV
(A) PO2 , PCO2 , Temperature , Options:

H  concentration  (A) 1, 2, 3, 5 are correct

(B) 2, 3, 4, 5 are correct
(B) PO2 , PCO2 , Temperature ,
(C) 1, 3, 5 are correct
H  concentration 
(D) 1, 2, 4 are correct
(C) PO2 , PCO2 , Temperature , 42. The amount of air inspired or expired

H concentration  with each normal breathe is:
(A) 1000 mL (B) 3300 mL
(D) PO2 , PCO2 , Temperature ,
(C) 500 mL (D) 1200 mL
H  concentration 
43. Which of the following centres in brain
39. Following is a tubular representation of is primarily responsible for regulation of
partial pressure (in mm Hg) of oxygen normal rhythm of respiration in
and carbon dioxide at different parts humans?
involved in diffusion in comparison to
those in atmosphere: (A) Respiratory rhythm centre in pons

Respiratory Atmospheric Blood Blood

(B) Respiratory rhythm centre in
Alveoli Tissues
gas air deoxygenated oxygenated medulla
O2 A 104 C 95 E
(C) Pneumotaxic centre in pons
CO2 0.3 B 45 D 45

(D) Apneustic centre in pons

Choose from the option which correctly
fills up the values A, B, C, D and E? 44. Which point is incorrect about transport
of gases?
A B C D E
(A) Nearly 20-25 percent of CO2 is
(A) 40 159 40 45 40 transported by RBC
(B) 159 45 40 40 40 (B) About 7 percent of CO2 is carried in
(C) 159 40 40 40 40 a dissolved state through plasma
(D) 100 45 40 40 40 (C) About 97 percent of CO2 is
transported by plasma of blood
40. Total volume of air a person can expire
after a normal inspiration? (D) About 3 percent of O2 is carried in a
dissolved state through the plasma
(A) Only TV
(B) TV + ERV

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45. Which factors are favourable for 48. Which one of the following has the
dissociation of oxygen from smallest diameter?
oxyhaemoglobin?
(A) Primary bronchi
(1) Lower temperature
(B) Segmental bronchi
(2) Higher H  concentration (C) Respiratory bronchioles
(3) High PCO2 (D) Alveolar duct
(4) Low PO2 49. Pick up the odd one in each series and
find out the correct option:
(A) 1, 3, 4 (B) 2, 3, 4
(1) Asthma, Bronchitis, Emphysema,
(C) 1, 2, 3 (D) 2, 3, 1 Atherosclerosis
46. The given figure shows the (2) Vital capacity, Gills, Lungs, Skin
diagrammatic view of human respiratory
(3) Trachea, Oesophagus, Bronchi,
system. Identify A, B, C and D.
Alveoli
(4) Diaphragm, EICM, Pneumotaxic
centre, Abdominal muscles
1 2 3 4

Pneumotaxic
(A) Emphysema Skin Trachea
centre

Vital
(B) Bronchitis Alveoli EICM
capacity

(A) A-Epiglottis, B-Alveoli, (C) Artherosclerosis Gills Oesophagus

Abdominal
muscles
C-Bronchus, D-Diaphragm
(B) A-Epiglottis, B-Alveoli, Vital Pneumotaxic
(D) Artherosclerosis Oesophagus
capacity centre
C-Bronchioles, D-Diaphragm
(C) A-Sound box, B-Alveoli, 50. In lungs there is definite exchange of
ions between RBC and plasma.
C-Bronchus, D-Diaphragm
Removal of CO2 from blood involves:
(D) A-Sound box, B-Alveoli,
(A) efflux of Cl ions from RBC
C-Bronchioles, D-Diaphragm
(B) influx of Cl ions into RBC
47. The factor which does not affect the rate
of alveolar diffusion is: (C) influx of HCO3 ions into plasma
(A) solubility of gases (D) efflux of HCO3 ions from RBC
(B) thickness of the membranes
51. In which the following respiratory
(C) pressure gradient tubule dead space volume is not found?
(D) reactivity of the gases (A) Primary bronchi
(B) Alveolar duct
(C) Segmental bronchi
(D) Intra pulmonary bronchioles

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ANSWERS KEY
1. (B) 19. (C) 37. (B)
2. (B) 20. (C) 38. (D)
3. (A) 21. (A) 39. (C)
4. (C) 22. (C) 40. (B)
5. (C) 23. (B) 41. (C)
6. (C) 24. (B) 42. (C)
7. (B) 25. (D) 43. (B)
8. (D) 26. (C) 44. (C)
9. (B) 27. (C) 45. (B)
10. (B) 28. (D) 46. (A)
11. (D) 29. (B) 47. (D)
12. (C) 30. (A) 48. (D)
13. (D) 31. (C) 49. (D)
14. (A) 32. (A) 50. (A)
15. (B) 33. (C) 51. (B)
16. (D) 34. (C)
17. (B) 35. (D)
18. (D) 36. (D)

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