PROCEDURE FOR SAND FILLING, EARTH FILLING & ROAD BED PREPARATION
1.0 Preamble:
The purpose of this paper is to describe the sand
and earth filling procedure in the river bank of
Teesta. Normally navigability of river Teesta does
not allow large dredger to be installed. However, a
number of locally made Cutter Suction dredgers
used to mitigate the navigation problems. Although
the production and suction is little less in this
process, but the customized machine serves the
requirements. Regarding Earth filling the source of
earth, cohesion quality of earth and compact ability
will be the main concern on the slope protection.
Road bed preparation is also inside the scope of
this write up.
1.1 Relevant Data & Information
a. Total volume of filling sand
= 888000 cum
b. Approximate area of the Yard
= 575000 sqm
c. Depth of filling
= 1.5m to 2.0m
d. Dredger to yard distance
= 700m-800m
e. Approximate distance of source
dredge sand for cutting from
dredging point
= 3000 m
f. Time limit for complete filling
= 30 days
Estimated volume of filling per day
= 30000 cum
1.1.1 Dredging Description
Dredging is the removal of sediments and debris
from the bottom of lakes, rivers, harbors, and other
water bodies. It is a routine necessity in waterways
around the world because sedimentation—the
natural process of sand and silt washing
downstream—gradually fills channels and harbors.
Dredging often is focused on maintaining or
increasing the depth of navigation channels,
anchorages, or berthing areas to ensure the safe
passage of boats and ships. Vessels require a
certain amount of water in order to float and not
touch bottom. This water depth continues to
increase over time as larger and larger ships are
deployed. Since massive ships carry the bulk of the
goods imported into the country, dredging plays a
vital role in the nation's economy. In Bangladesh it
is effectively used to extract filling sand in nearby
areas from the river bed.
1.1.2 Setting up dredging Machine:
The first step for sand filling is to set up the
dredging machine. A suitable space to be selected
on the river bank where the river depth is more than
10(ten) feet. The dredger placement to be selected
in such a way that there should be navigable way to
carry to the place. This would be a main challenge
as the navigability is a problem in Teesta river
recently. After selecting the proper place for setting
we have to select the capacity of dredger. We are
planning to use 04(four) cutter suction dredger. The
dredgers are custom made. The capacity of the
dredger is 600-800 meter cube per hour. Suction
end of dredger would be 200-250 mm. Main engine
power is around 350 KW. Maximum dredging depth
is 10 meter. Delivery line diameter is 200 mm. The
dredger can deliver 1000 meter from the place
1
PROCEDURE FOR SAND FILLING, EARTH FILLING & ROAD BED PREPARATION

sand is extracted. Delivery pipe is to be set up in

such a way that very less (maximum 04 bend) in
1000meter. Power type is diesel engine.
Delivery pipe is 150- 200 mm. The delivery
head capacity is 1500 meter . We are planning
to run 04(four) dredger of 800 meter cube per
hour so that with 70% capacity we can
complete the work within 20(twenty) days.
1.1.4 Pre-measurement:
During setting up the dredger we will start a joint
pre-measurement along with the selected
representatives of the employer/client. We will use
modern Total station for measuring the present
levels before sand filling. We will keep the output of
this level survey duly signed by both parties (client
and implementer) for future reference.

Picture-02: Total Station

1.1.5 Setting the boundary of filling

We have to set the filling area with proper boundary

Picture-01 : A cutter suction dredger used in with permanent sand filled bags or any other
means so that the sand does not washed away
Bangladesh. (Customized)
from the filling area.

1.1.6 Compaction:
1.1.3 Manpower and Maintenance
As the dredger used sand has water with itself.
There will be expert dredger driver and maintenance When the water goes down along the pores the
engineer full time employed for smooth running of sand is compacted to 70%. After that with every
the dredger. Manpower for dredger operations are 300 mm filling we will use chain dozer to spread
as follows: and compact . We will then ask the employer to
test the soil compaction by compaction testing
equipment and certify whether compaction is
Sl. No Designation Number
alright or not. If the compaction is not adequate, we
01 Sr. dredger driver 02(one)
02 Jr.dredger driver 03(three) will use chain dozer for further period to achieve the
03 Experienced Senior Mechanic 01(one) desired compaction. Here again, we ensure we will
04 Jnr Mechanic 01 (one) do layer by layer compaction.
05 Delivery Pipe Handler 02(two )
1.1.7 Final Measurement:

2
PROCEDURE FOR SAND FILLING, EARTH FILLING & ROAD BED PREPARATION

After achieving desired level of sand filling with
proper compaction we will again arrange Total
Station Level survey jointly with the Employers’
representative to finally declare the amount of sand
compacted to the yard. This amount will be put in
black and white in measurement book.
compactor of 10 ton capacity to compact the soil.
After rolling 03 times to and fro ask the employer to
test CBR whether compaction achieved to a desired
level or not.

2 Clearing and Grubbing: 5 Approach Roadway Sand filling:

We will first take the width of the area where we
have to do clearing and grubbing. We will mark the
trees and inform the employer to take permission
from the local government to hack the trees. During
clearing and grabbing we will make sure no
embedded logs and roots of trees remain
underground at least up to 0.3 meter depth. All
overhanging branches which will create problems
will be hacked down. If any government authority
permission for cutting the trees and branches is
required, the employer needs to arrange.
Dredged soil can be pumped to the road bed when
compaction is satisfactory. After filling 150 mm
watering the sand is necessary for natural
compaction. Then the road roller to be rubbed at
least 03 times to achieve mechanical compaction.
Then again next layer of sand is applied to the road
bed with similar system of compaction mentioned
before.
6 Equipment and Manpower Required:

3 Earth Filling in Grade:

Equipments Required:
First of all we have to select a source of land where
proper adhesive soil for slope protection is
available nearby. After getting the adhesive soil, we
will arrange excavator and dump truck to carry the Sl Name of Purpose Quantity Rema
extracted soil to proper place. We will fill the soil in No. the rks
Equipment
150 mm layer by layer and compact with vibro-
1 Dredger Sandfilling 04 nos
compactor to achieve the desired compaction on 2. Delivery Sand Filling 500-
1:2 slope. When vegetation and grass grows on the Pipes 700m
compacted sloped soil the slope will become 3. Excavator Excavation 01 Nos
stable. We will chamfer on the top as per 4 Dozer Spreading 01 Nos
requirement of design. 5 Road Compaction 01 Nos
Roller(8-
4 Approach Roadway Excavation: 10 ton)
6. Vibro- Slope 01 No
Excavating the approach road with desired width compacto Compaction
and depth to with excavator. Create proper shoulder r
as per design provided with the excavated soil. 7 Total Level Survey 01 No
Station
Remove extra soil from the road bed not more that
8 Dump Soil Carrying 05 Nos
30 meter with small dump truck. Use extect labor Truck
for final leveling and dressing. Arrange a roller

3
PROCEDURE FOR SAND FILLING, EARTH FILLING & ROAD BED PREPARATION

Manpower Required:

Sl Name of the Quantity Remarks

No. Equipment
1 Dredger driver 04 nos
2. Pipe handler 02 nos
3. Excavator driver 01 Nos
4 Dozer driver 01 Nos
5 Roller driver 01 Nos
6. compactor 01 No
7 Total Station 02 No
operator
8 Dump Truck driv 05 Nos
9 Road Workers 20 nos
10 Sr. Diploma Engr. 01 Nos

7. Conclusion:

In conclusion we want to ensure that we will

execute the work in a professional way to achieve
the desired result. This is why we will deploy
Diploma Engineer in the project management .
Lastly, but not the least, we will follow Civil
Engineering procedure for the entire work along
with proper documentation.

Submitted by

Mr. Hasan Tariq

Managing Director,

Bangladesh Foundry Engineering Works Ltd.