EE32008 (Electrical Machines-II)

Session August –Dec. 2022

Assignment-2 Solutions
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1. A 120-v, 60-Hz, 2-pole, single-phase induction motor operates at a slip of 4% and has a rotor resistance of
2.4 Ω at standstill. Determine (a) the speed of the motor, (b) the effective rotor resistance in the forward
branch, and (c) the effective rotor resistance in the backward branch.
Solution:
120*60
Ns   3600rpm
2
s  0.04
N  N s (1  s )  3456rpm
0.5 R2
Rf   30
s
0.5 R2
Rb   0.615
2s
2. A 230V, 50-Hz, 2 -pole, single-phase induction motor is designed to operate at a slip of 3%. Determine the
slip in the either direction. What is the speed of the motor in the direction of rotation? If the rotor resistance
at stand still is 2.1Ω, what is effective resistance at the rated slip in either direction?
Solution:

Given sf=0.03

Silp in other direction is Sb=2-0.03=1.97

0.5R2 0.5* 2.1

Effective resistance in forward branch is =   35 Ω
Sf 0.03

0.5 R2 0.5* 2.1

Effective resistance in backward branch is =   0.532 Ω
Sb 1.97
3. A 230-v, 60-Hz, 6-pole, single-phase induction motor has a stator impedance of 1.5+j3Ω and a rotor
impedance of 2+j3 Ω at standstill. The magnetization reactance is 50 Ω. If the rotational loss is 150W at a
slip of 5%, determine the efficiency and the shaft torque of the motor.
Solution:
s  0.05
4 f
ws   125.66rad / sec
p
wm  ws (1  s)  (1  0.05) *125.66  119.377 rad / sec
 2 
j 50   j3 
Z f  0.5  0.05    11.34  9.97i
2
 j (3  50)
0.05
 2 
j 50   j3 
Z b  0.5  2  0.05    0.456  1.424i
2
 j (3  50)
2  0.05
 Z in  (1.5  3i )  11.34  9.97i  0.456  1.424i
 13.296  14.394i
230
I in   11.737  47.27
13.296  14.394i
Pin  230 11.737  cos 47.27  1831.737W
Pgf  11.737 2 11.34  1561.85W
Pgb  11.737 2  0.456  62.809W
Pag  1561.85  62.809  1500W

Gross power developed

Pd  (1  s)  1500
 1425W
Net power output

Po  1425  150  1275W

1275
  69.60%
1831.737
1275
Tsh   10.68 Nm
119.377
4. A 208-v, 50Hz, 4 pole, single phase induction motor has R1=2.5 Ω, X1=2.9 Ω, R2=2.1 Ω, X2=2.6 Ω, and
Xm=42 Ω .If the friction, windage, and core loss is 50W at a slip of 4%, determine the efficiency and the
torque of the motor.
Solution:
s  0.04
4 f
ws   157.08rad / sec
p
wm  ws (1  s)  (1  0.04)*157.08  150.79rad / sec

 2.1 
j 42   j 2.6 
 0.04    9.7575  12.71i
Z f  0.5
2
 j (2.6  42)
0.04
 2.1 
j 42   j 2.6 
 2  0.04    0.4748  1.2356i
Z b  0.5
2
 j (2.6  42)
2  0.04
Z in  (2.5  2.9i )  9.7575  12.71i  0.4748  1.2356i
 12.7323  16.60i
208
I in   9.94  52.520
12.7323  16.60i
Pin  208  9.94  cos 52.52  1258.05W
 Pgf  9.942  9.7575  964.07W
Pgb  9.942  0.4748  46.911W
Pag  964.07  46.91  917.15W
Gross power developed
Pd  (1  s )  Pag
 880.47W
Net power output
Po  880.47  50  830.47W
830.47
  66.012%
1258.05
830.47
Tsh   5.507 Nm
150.79
5. A 230-v, 60-Hz, 4-pole, two-value capacitor motor is rated at 1710 rpm.the motor parameters are R1=30 Ω,
X1=36 Ω Ω , R2=24 Ω , X2=30 Ω , Ra=120 Ω, Xm=250 Ω, a=1.75, start capacitor=8µF, and run
capacitor=4µF. The rotational loss at full load is 25W. Determine the shaft-torque and the efficiency at full
load. What is the starting torque developed by the motor?
Solution:
120*60
Ns   1800
4
1800  1710
s  0.05
1800
4 f
ws   188.49rad / sec
p
wm  ws (1  s)  (1  0.05)*188.49  179.07 rad / sec
 24 
j 250   j 30 
 0.05    48.575  96.66i
Z f  0.5
24
 j (30  250)
0.05
 24 
j 250   j 30 
 2  0.05    4.896  13.608i
Z b  0.5
24
 j (30  250)
2  0.05
Z11  (30  36i )  48.575  96.66i  4.896  13.608i  78.575  132.66i
Z12   ja( Z f  Z b )  145.341  76.43i
Z 21   Z12  145.341  76.43i
Z 22  a 2 ( Z f  Z b  jx1 )  Ra  jX cr  283.75  215.19i
V1 ( Z 22  Z12 )
I1   0.6815  43.780
( Z11Z 22  Z12 Z 21 )
V1 ( Z11  Z 21 )
I1   0.802715.367 0
( Z11Z 22  Z12 Z 21 )
 I L  I1  I 2  1.29  11.55
Pin  230 *1.29 *cos(11.55)  290.69W
  15.367  ( 43.78)  59.147 0
Pagf  ( I12  a 2 I 22 ) R f  2aI1 I 2 R f sin   198.25W
Pagb  ( I12  a 2 I 22 ) Rb  2aI1 I 2 Rb sin   3.887W
Pag  Pagf  Pagb  194.36W
Pd  (1  0.05) *194.36  184.64W
P0  184.64  25  159.64W
159.64
  54.92%
290.69
P 159.64
Tsh  0   0.8915 Nm
wm 179.07

Starting Torque: s = 1

Z f  Z b  9.496  14.20i
Z11  48.992  64.41i
Z 21   Z12  0
Z 22  178.163  134.34i
V1
I1   2.841  52.750
( Z11 )
V1
I1   1.030737.010
( Z 22 )

  37.01  (52.75)  89.76 0

P  4aI1I 2 R f sin   194.64W
ags

194.64
Tst   1.0326 Nm
188.49
6. A 115-v, 60-Hz, 6-pole, CSCR motor is rated at 1152 rpm. The motor parameters are R1=20 Ω, X1=32 Ω,
R2=22 Ω , X2=32 Ω , Ra=55 Ω ,Xm=210 Ω, a=1.8, start capacitor=8 µF, and run capacitor =5 µF. The
rotational loss is 10W. Determine the shaft-torque and the efficiency at full load. What is the starting torque
developed by the motor?
Solution :
120*60
Ns   1200
6
1200  1152
s  0.04
1200
4 f
ws   125.66rad / sec
p
wm  ws (1  s)  (1  0.04)*125.66  120.637 rad / sec
  22 
j 210   j 32 
 0.04    33.588  90.2211i
Z f  0.5
22
 j (32  210)
0.04
 22 
j 210   j32 
 2  0.04    4.217  14.079i
Z b  0.5
22
 j (32  210)
2  0.04

Z11  (20  32i )  33.588  90.2211i  4.217  14.079i  57.805  136.30i

Z12   ja ( Z f  Z b )  137.055  52.86i
Z 21   Z12  137.055  52.86i
Z 22  a 2 ( Z f  Z b  jx1 )  Ra  jX cr  177.488  192.577i
V1 ( Z 22  Z12 )
I1   0.3184  72.2990
( Z11Z 22  Z12 Z 21 )
V1 ( Z11  Z 21 )
I2   0.464124.740
( Z11Z 22  Z12 Z 21 )

I L  I1  I 2  0.529  11.880
Pin  115*0.529*cos(11.88)  59.53W
  24.74  ( 72.3)  97.040
Pagf  ( I12  a 2 I 22 ) R f  2aI1 I 2 R f sin   44.577W
Pagb  ( I12  a 2 I 22 ) Rb  2aI1 I 2 Rb sin   2.84W
Pag  Pagf  Pagb  41.73W
Pd  (1  0.05) * 41.73  40.065W
P0  40.065  10  30.065W
30.065
  50.50%
59.53
P 30.065
Tsh  0   0.2492 Nm
wm 120.63

Starting Torque: s=1

Z f  Z b  9.43  13.96i
Z11  38.86  59.92i
Z 21   Z12  0
Z 22  116.10  137.429i
V1
I1   6.826  55.960
( Z11 )
 V1
I1   0.63949.800
( Z 22 )

  49.80  (55.96)  105.760

P  4aI1 I 2 R f sin   224.17W
ags

224.17
Tst   1.78 Nm
125.66
7. A 220-v, 60-Hz, 4-pole, PSC motor is rated at 1710 rpm. The motor parameters are R1=20 Ω , X1=30 Ω, R2=24
Ω , X2=30 Ω , Ra=60 Ω ,Xm=200 Ω, a=1.5, and C=4 µF. The rotational loss is 20W. Determine the shaft-torque
and the efficiency at full load. What is the starting torque developed by the motor?

Solution:

120* 60
Ns   1800
4
1800  1710
s  0.05
1800
4 f
ws   188.49rad / sec
p
wm  ws (1  s)  (1  0.05)*188.49  179.07 rad / sec

 24 
j 200   j 24 
Z f  0.5  0.05    34.90  83.27i
24
 j (30  200)
0.05
 24 
j 200   j 24 
Z b  0.5  2  0.05    4.89  10.98i
24
 j (24  200)
2  0.05

Z11  (20  30i )  34.90  83.27i  4.89  10.98i  59.68  123.965i

Z12   ja( Z f  Z b )  108.87  45.18i
Z 21   Z12  108.87  45.18i
Z 22  a 2 ( Z f  Z b  jx1 )  Ra  jX cr  149.28  384.22i
V1 ( Z 22  Z12 )
I1   1.336  56.6360
( Z11Z 22  Z12 Z 21 )
V1 ( Z11  Z 21 )
I1   0.603137.1840
( Z11Z 22  Z12 Z 21 )

I L  I1  I 2  1.428  31.7250
Pin  220*1.428* cos( 31.725)  267.218W
  37.184  (56.636)  93.820
 Pagf  ( I12  a 2 I 22 ) R f  2aI1 I 2 R f sin   175.02W
Pagb  ( I12  a 2 I 22 ) Rb  2aI1 I 2 Rb sin   0.915W
Pag  Pagf  Pagb  174.10W
Pd  (1  0.05) *174.10  165.399W
P0  165.399  20  145.399W
145.399
  54.41%
267.218
P 145.399
Tsh  0   0.81196 Nm
wm 179.07

Starting Torque: s=1

Z f  Z b  18.49  22.799i
Z11  56.98  75.598i
Z 21   Z12  0
Z 22  143.205  493.05i
V1
I1   2.32  52.990
( Z11 )
V1
I1   0.42673.860
( Z 22 )

  73.86  52.96  126.820

P  4aI1 I 2 R f sin   71.557W
ags

71.557
Tst   0.3796 Nm
188.49
8. A 1 Φ, 120V, 60 Hz four pole, capacitor-start induction motor has the following standstill impedances.
Main winding: Zm=5.5+j4.8. Auxiliary winding Za=8.5+j5. (a) Determine the value of the starting capacitor
required to produce a 90o phase shift between the currents in the main and auxiliary windings. (b) (c) Draw
the phasor diagrams for Im, Ia and V, with and without the starting capacitor.(c)Compare the starting torques
with and without starting capacitors.
Solution:

Z main   Z aux
2
Z main  5.5  j 4.8
Z aux  8.5  j 5
 Im g ( Z aux )  X c  1  4.8 
tan 1    tan    90
0

 Re( Z zux )   5.5 

 X c  14.739  C  179.96  F

Twithoutc  I m I aux sin   withoutc

b. 
Twithc  I m I aux sin  withc
 16.438 12.168  sin10.65
  0.2422
16.438 12.168  sin 90
 Twithc  4.128 times of Twithoutc
9. A 1-kW, 120-V, 60-Hz capacitor-start motor has the following parameters for the main and auxiliary
windings (at starting): Zmain = 4.82 + j7.25 Zaux = 7.95 + j9.21 (a) Find the magnitude and the phase angles of the
currents in the two windings when rated voltage is applied to the motor under starting conditions. (b) Find the
value of starting capacitance that will place the main- and auxiliary-winding currents in time quadrature at
starting (c) Repeat part (a) when the capacitance of part (b) is inserted in series with the auxiliary winding
Solution:

a) Zmain=

Zaux=

b) We want the auxillary winding to lead 90o about main winding

<Zmain+

tan-1 [ ] = tan-1( ) +90o

or, 9.21-Xc =[tan[56.38+90]]7.95

or, Xc=14.495 ohm

c=

c) with c in series with auxillary winding

Imain =

Iaux =

10. A 115-V, 60 Hz two pole, reversible PSC motor is rated at 3325 rpm. The motor circuit parameters: R1=4Ω,
R2=15 Ω, X1=8 Ω, X2=8 Ω, Xm=120 Ω, a=1 and C=10µF. Neglect rotational losses Determine the shaft-torque
and the efficiency at full load. What is the starting torque?

Solution:

120* 60
Ns   3600
2
3600  3325
s  0.0763
3600
4 f
ws   376.99 rad / sec
p
wm  ws (1  s )  (1  0.0763) *376.99  348.22rad / sec
  15 
j120   j8 
 0.0763    25.72  43.25i
Z f  0.5
15
 j (8  120)
0.0763
 15 
j120   j8 
 2  0.0763    3.41  3.957i
Z b  0.5
15
 j (8  120)
2  0.0763

Z11  (4  8i )  25.72  43.25i  3.41  3.957i  33.13  55.207i

Z12   ja( Z f  Zb )  39.293  22.31i
Z 21   Z12  39.293  22.31i
Z 22  a 2 ( Z f  Z b  jx1 )  Ra  jX cr  29.13  210.043i
V1 ( Z 22  Z12 )
I1   1.408  65.530
( Z11Z 22  Z12 Z 21 )
V1 ( Z11  Z 21 )
I1   0.595951.990
( Z11Z 22  Z12 Z 21 )

I L  I1  I 2  1.249  40.510
Pin  115*1.249*cos( 40.51)  109.20W
  51.99  (65.53)  117.52 0
Pagf  ( I12  a 2 I 22 ) R f  2aI1 I 2 R f sin   98.40W
Pagb  ( I12  a 2 I 22 ) Rb  2aI1 I 2 Rb sin   2.896W
Pag  Pagf  Pagb  95.504W
Pd  (1  0.0763) *95.504  88.217W
P0  88.217W
88.217
  80.78%
109.20
P 88.217
Tsh  0   0.2533 Nm
wm 348.22

Starting Torque: s = 1

Z f  Z b  6.50  4.512i
Z11  17  17.024i
Z 21   Z12  0
Z 22  13  248.556i
V1
I1   4.78  45.040
( Z11 )
 V1
I1   0.46287.00 0
( Z 22 )
  87  45.04  132.040
P  4aI1 I 2 R f sin   42.64W
ags

42.64
Tst   0.11311Nm
376.99