Access Layer ( Phase 1)

- Huawei 5600 DSLAM

Huawei's MA5600 series includes the large-capacity MA5600 and medium-
capacity MA5603 are a GE-based IP broadband access device.

Huawei 5600 DSLAM

Quick Details

 Place of Origin: Guangdong, China (Mainland)

 Brand Name: Huawei
 Model Number: SmartAX MA5600
 Dimensions: 10U,436 mm x 420 mm x 220 mm (W x D x H)
 service shelf weight: Empty 6.3 kg
 Transmission reach: 100 m
 Backplane bus capacity: 210 Gbit/s
 System L2 packet forwarding: 72 Mpps
 Switching mode: Store and forward
 Switching forwarding delay: Less than 20 μs for a 64-byte
 Full configuration bit error rate: e < 10 e
 ATM ports on a board: AIUG: 1-4
 Maximum PVCs for a port: xDSL port: 8

Features

- IP-DSLAM: it supports non-blocking gigabit Ethernet (GE) switching

fabric to suit the high rate requirements of the broadband telecom
network.

- Multi-service access module: It provides integrated service access to

address the diversified service requirements of telecom subscribers.

- Large Capacity: The MA5600 supports 64-port ADSL2+ service boards

with built-in splitters, which enables a single service sub-rack to provide
services for up to 896 subscribers. A MA5600 cabinet, as a result, can
provide services for up to 2,688 subscribers. Even with very little space,
operators can still provide services to communities with a high
subscriber density. The MA5600 also supports 32-port VDSL2 service
boards with built-in splitters and 32-port SHDSL.bis service boards.

- Improved Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) Access: The MA5600 supports

multiple access technologies including VDSL2, ADSL/ADSL2/ADSL2+,
G.SHDSL, and G.SHDSL.bis. In addition, the MA5600 supports four-pair
G.SHDSL.bis bonding technology as well as long-distance access in
Annex L mode, with a maximum transmission rate of 245 Kbit/s over a
distance of 6.5km. The MA5600 can ensure a minimum bandwidth of 30
Mbit/s for each subscriber and supports 1,000 multicast channels for
streaming media, such as video on demand, video conferencing,
online gaming, high-speed data transmission, high-definition video
services, as well as any combination of these services.

Hardware specifications

Shelf specifications:

- The service shelf is front accessible. It is 19 inches wide and 10 U (1 U =

44.45 mm) high, containing a 1 U fan tray. The dimensions are 436 mm x
420 mm x 441.8 mm (W x D x H).

- The service shelf provides 16 slots. The slots are numbered from 0.

- The services in the MA5600 service shelf are transmitted upstream

through the control board. The control board and the service board
communicate and exchange data through the backplane.
 Board arrangement in the MA5600 service shelf:

Features of the service shelf configuration:

- Slots 7 and 8 accommodate the control board. One service shelf can
be equipped with two control boards.

- The rest of the slots in the service shelf can accommodate any of the
service boards.

- All boards are hot swappable.

Note: Control card is SCUB or SCUK

Slots Ports provided by the MA5600:

Port Type Port Name Remarks

Network port FE optical and The network port supports the electrical port, single-
electrical port mode optical port, and multi-mode optical port.
They are used to
GE optical and
• Connect to the upper layer device
electrical port
• Subtend shelf.

Service port ADSL2+ port • It is compatible with ADSL, and its

performance is better than ADSL with respect
to:
• Higher rate.
• Longer distance.
• Lower power consumption.
• More stable operation.
SHDSL port It supports the symmetrical transmission.
The transmission reach ranges from 3 km to 6 km.

VDSL2 port It supports:

• Discrete multi-tone (DMT) technology.
• Compatibility with ADSL2+.
Ethernet port It provides subtending of the MA5600 shelves.

ATM port It supports:STM-1 port.

• IMA port.
• ATM access.
Maintenance Maintenance These ports are used for local and remote
port serial/network port maintenance.
Environment Through the port, various environment parameters
monitoring port collected by the monitoring device are reported to
the host.

Service boards of the MA5600

Board Name Function External Ports

ADEF ADSL2+ over POTS It supports: 64 ADSL2+ ports
service board  External SPL
 ADSL2+ over POTS
ADBF ADSL2+ over ISDN It supports: 64 ADSL2+ ports
service board  External SPL
 ADSL2+ over ISDN
ADEE ADSL2+ over POTS It supports: 64 ADSL2+ ports
service board  Built-in SPL
 ADSL2+ over POTS
SHEB SHDSL.bis service It supports SHDSL.bis access. 32 SHDSL ports
board
SHEA SHDSL service It supports SHDSL access. 32 SHDSL ports
board
VDBD VDSL2 interface It supports: 32 VDSL ports
board  External SPL
 VDSL2 over ISDN
 Control Card (SCUB)

Overview

Quick Details
Place of Origin: Guangdong, China (Mainland)
 Brand Name: HUAWEI
 Model Number: SCUB/SCUK
 O4GS: Four GE optical ports
 O2GS: Two GE optical ports
 O4FM: Four FE optical ports
 O2FM: Two FE optical ports
 E4GFA: Four GE/FE electrical ports
 M2GA: Processes the MPLS services
 SCUB/SCUK: The main control board

SCUB/SCUK Board
This topic describes the function, working principles, front panel, port, and
subboard of the SCUB/SCUK board, and provides the specifications of the
board.
The SCUB/SCUK board is a control board of the MA5600. It controls the system
and transmits services upstream to the IP network.
The SCUB/SCUK board can be installed in only slots 7 and 8 of the MA5600
service shelf, or slot 7 of the MA5603. Insert control board in slot 7 when the
control board was configured.

External connections of the SCUB/SCUK board

Working Principles

Working principles of the SCUB/SCUK board

The basic working principles of the SCUB/SCUK board are as follows:

 The control module configures the entire system, collects and reports
status information (for example, receive the alarms of the boards through
 the high-level protocol between the service boards and the control
board), and processes protocols.
 The switching module allocates the GE bus of the backplane.
 The power module supplies power to each functional module of the
board.
 The clock module provides clock signals for each functional module of
the board.
The services are processed as follows:
 In the upstream direction, the service data is transmitted to the service
boards and then to the SCUB/SCUK board through the backplane. The
switching module processes the data and then transmits the data
upstream through the optical or electrical port.
 In the downstream direction, the service data is transmitted to the
switching module through the optical or electrical port. After processing
the data, the switching module transmits the data to the service boards
through the backplane.

Front Panel

Except for the silk screen, the front panels of the SCUB board and the SCUK
board are the same. Table 1 describes the front panel of the SCUB board.

Table 1 Front panel of the SCUB board

RUN: running status LED; green

On for 1s and off for 1s The board works in the normal
repeatedly state.
On for 0.25s and off for 0.25s The board starts up and is being
repeatedly loaded.

ALM: alarm LED; red

Off The board works in the normal
state.
On Checking the service channel
fails.

ACT: active LED; green

On The board is active.
Off The board is standby.
 NOTICE:

RESET: This button is used to reset the board manually. Resetting

the board may interrupt the services. Use the reset button with
caution.

Ports on the front panel of the SCUB/SCUK board

Port Function Connection

CON: maintenance serial The RJ-45 port supports local and
port remote maintenance. You can
configure the system in the CLI
through software such as
HyperTerminal. The default baud rate
is 9600 bit/s.
ETH: maintenance The RJ-45 port provides 10 M/100 M
Ethernet port BASE-T half-duplex NM interface for
system configuration and
maintenance.
MON/TL1: monitoring It connects to the monitoring
serial port communication port on the EMU and
the SPL shelf.
Subboard ports The ports can be installed with GE or -
FE subboards.
Use the local maintenance serial port
cable to connect the port to the serial
port on the maintenance terminal.
Use the network cable to connect the
port to the Ethernet port on the
maintenance terminal.
Use the environment monitoring
cable to connect the port to the
monitoring communication port on the
EMU and the SPL shelf.

NOTE: The environment monitoring cable used by the MA5600 is a straight-

through cable.

Sub-boards
Subboard

The SCUB/SCUK board provides two subboard ports. The upper port is for the
2-channel subboard, and the lower is for the 4-channel subboard. The rules of
using the subboard ports are as follows:

 The upper port can be idle or be configured with the 2FE/GE subboard.
The lower port can be idle or be configured with the 2GE/FE or 4GE/FE
subboard.

 The 4-channel subboard can only be installed in the lower port.

Taking SCUB for example, Figure 3 shows the positions of the subboards on
the SCUB board.

Positions of the subboards on the SCUB

board

Table Describes Subboards supported by the SCUB/SCUK board

Subboard Port Port Parameter

O4GS Four GE optical ports  Multi-mode
 Wavelength: 850 nm
 Reach: 0.5 km
 Port type: LC
 Maximum output optical power: -2.5
dBm
 Minimum output optical power: -9.5
dBm
Subboard Port Port Parameter
 Maximum receive sensitivity: -17 dBm
 Single-mode
 Wavelength: 1310 nm
 Reach: 10 km
 Port type: LC
 Maximum output optical power: -3
dBm
 Minimum output optical power: -9
dBm
 Maximum receive sensitivity: -20 dBm
 Single-mode
 Wavelength: 1550 nm
 Reach: 40 km
 Port type: LC
 Maximum output optical power: 0
dBm
 Minimum output optical power: -4
dBm
 Maximum receive sensitivity: -22 dBm
O2GS Two GE optical ports  Multi-mode
 Wavelength: 850 nm
 Reach: 0.5 km
 Port type: LC
 Maximum output optical power: -2.5
dBm
 Minimum output optical power: -9.5
dBm
 Maximum receive sensitivity: -17 dBm
 Single-mode
 Wavelength: 1310 nm
 Reach: 10 km
 Port type: LC
 Maximum output optical power: -3
dBm
 Minimum output optical power: -9
dBm
 Maximum receive sensitivity: -20 dBm
 Single-mode
 Wavelength: 1550 nm
 Reach: 40 km
 Port type: LC
 Maximum output optical power: 0
dBm
 Minimum output optical power: -4
dBm
 Maximum receive sensitivity: -22 dBm
O4FM Four FE optical ports  Multi-mode
 Wavelength: 1310 nm
 Reach: 2 km
 Port type: LC
 Maximum output optical power: -14
dBm
 Minimum output optical power: -19
dBm
Subboard Port Port Parameter
 Maximum receive sensitivity: -30 dBm
 Single-mode
 Wavelength: 1310 nm
 Reach: 15 km
 Port type: LC
 Maximum output optical power: -8
dBm
 Minimum output optical power: -15
dBm
 Maximum receive sensitivity: -31 dBm
 Single-mode
 Wavelength: 1310 nm
 Reach: 40 km
 Port type: LC
 Maximum output optical power: 0
dBm
 Minimum output optical power: -5
dBm
 Maximum receive sensitivity: -37 dBm
O2FM Two FE optical ports  Multi-mode
 Wavelength: 1310 nm
 Reach: 2 km
 Port type: LC
 Maximum output optical power: -14
dBm
 Minimum output optical power: -19
dBm
 Maximum receive sensitivity: -30 dBm
 Single-mode
 Wavelength: 1310 nm
 Reach: 15 km
 Port type: LC
 Maximum output optical power: -8
dBm
 Minimum output optical power: -15
dBm
 Maximum receive sensitivity: -31 dBm
 Single-mode
 Wavelength: 1310 nm
 Reach: 40 km
 Port type: LC
 Maximum output optical power: 0
dBm
 Minimum output optical power: -5
dBm
 Maximum receive sensitivity: -37 dBm
E4GFA Four GE/FE electrical -
ports
M2GA Processes the MPLS services, Figure 3 shows the positions of the
M2GA subboard.
CKMA Works with the SCUK control board to provide the system with four
channels of 19.440 MHz SDH line clock signals, four channels of
32.768 MHz TDM clock signals, and 8.000 kHz TDM frame
synchronization signals.
Specifications
Table 4 Specifications of the SCUB/SCUK board

Board Dimensions (W x D x H) Power Consumption

SCUB/SCUK 25.4 mm x 372 mm x 399.5 SCUB:

mm
 Typical: 23 W
 Static: 14 W
 Maximum: 32 W
SCUK:

 Typical: 38 W
 Static: 27 W
 Maximum: 50 W
 Huawei 5100 DSLAM
Smart AX MA5100 Multi-service Access Module series are Digital Subscriber
Line Access Multiplexers (DSLAMs) and support both IP and ATM uplinks to fit
them for diverse network topologies.

Features:

1- Abundant Interface
1) Diverse Service Interface: ADSL over POTS、ADSL over ISDN (UR2)、VDSL
、G.SHDSL、ADSL2+ over POTS、ADSL2+ over ISDN (UR2)
2) ATM Interface: STM-4/OC-12, STM-1/OC-3 interfaces, E3 electrical
interfaces, Inverse Multiplexing over ATM (IMA) interfaces
3) IP Interface to realize long distance access: FE/GE optical or electrical
interfaces
4) Multiple local or remote cascading infrastructure

2- Carrier-Class Reliability
1) Front edge maintenance, Hot-swappable board
2) Redundancy of the important main control board and subtending board
3) Redundant design (N+1) for primary power supply with real-time
monitoring and alarm functions
4) NMS has a trans-platform feature that supports multiple operating systems
such as Sun Solaris and HP-UNIX and database systems such as Sybase and
Oracle
3- Flexible Networking
1) Remote cascading by ATM STM-1/E3/IMA/ATM E1
2) Multi-topology: star, tree topology through multi-level cascading
3) Rapid construction by using existing transmission resources
4) Easily Transfer from ATM to IP network
4- Guaranteed QoS
1) Allocate different priority levels to different service types, and support
flow shaping and traffic control
2) Support committed access rate (CAR) and allocate bandwidth based on
802.1q priority level to ensure QoS of IP services.

5- Multicast Services
1) Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) Snooping and IGMP Proxy
functions
2) Controllable multicast
6-Powerful L2 Forwarding
1) Traffic shaping, traffic control, 64Kbps granularity
2) 4K 802.1Q VLAN, 4 priority of 802.1p
3) FE/GE port trunking
4) QinQ, Vlan stacking

7- High Integration
1) Single-node (three cabinets, nine frames) 4000 ADSL lines in floor space of
1.08m2
2) Built-in SPL POTs
3) Large/medium/mini capacity, indoor/outdoor type

8- Centralized and Unified Management

1) Excellent C/S Architecture
2) High Performance and Scalability
3) Profile-based Batch Operation
4) High Reliability, dual server redundancy
5) High security: Authority-based and Domain-based User Management
6) Abundant functionalities:
·Northbound Interfaces
·Performance Measurement
·CPE Management
·Loop-line Test Interface
·Environment Monitoring

The MA5100 series DSLAM provide a variety of methods for service access,
including:
 Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) access
 ADSL2+ access
 Single-pair High-speed Digital Subscriber Line (SHDSL) access
 Local Area Network (LAN) access
The MA5100 series include MA5100 (large capacity), MA5103 (medium capacity)
andMA5105 (small capacity). They support flexible networking according to the
demands of the carriers

MA5100 series networking

The MA5100 supports these service interfaces:

ADSL interface
 ADSL2+ interface
 ATM-based SHDSL interface
 LAN interface

Networking Capability
The MA5100 provides multiple service and system interfaces to make the
networking more flexible. The MA5100 provides the following two types of
system interfaces:

I. ATM

 STM-4 optical interface

 STM-1 optical/electrical interface, OC-3c/STS-3c uplink interface
 E3 electrical interface
 Inverse Multiplexing over ATM (IMA) interface

II. IP

 Fast Ethernet (FE)

 Gigabit Ethernet (GE)
Integration of ATM-DSLAM and IP-DSLAM
The MA5100 provides the IP and ATM uplink ports at the same time, so that the DSLAM
network can be constructed flexibly according to the resource of the
ATM/IPbackbone network, service type, as well as requirements on QoS and security.

Carrier-Class Reliability
Reliability is taken into full consideration in the MA5100 system design,
hardware design and software design. Following are some measures taken to
guarantee theMA5100 reliability:

 The main control board MMX supports hot backup and active/standby
switchover. (The MA5103 does not support hot backup of MMX)

 The MA5100 supports redundancy hot backup of master frame subtending

board (SEPA/SEPL) in master-slave subtending networking.

 The MA5100 supports 155M upstream optical interface for master and
slave boards of MMX with Multiplex Section Protection (MSP) function
to trace and protect SDH line.

 With redundancy design (N+1) for primary power supply, the MA5100
provide serial-time monitoring and alarm functions.

 With modular and platform design of software system, the MA5100 has
carrier-class capability to handle the abnormalities, thus ensuring high
system reliability.

 The trans-platform NMS supports multiple operating systems (Sun Solaris

and HP-UNIX) and database systems (Sybase and Oracle).

The MA5100 can be powered by 110V/220V AC supply or -48V DC supply.

When the AC power supply is adopted, the cabinet is equipped with a built-in primary
power module at the top, which outputs -48V DC power. The number
of power modules is subject to the requirements on the capacity.

When the DC power supply is used, the distribution box is needed instead of
the power module, and the independent -48V supply is led in from outside of the
cabinet.

The MA5100 uses fans for heat dissipation. The air enters the frame from the
bottom of the frame, passes the boards and exhausts from the top of the frame. There
are48V/0.21A DC fans in the fan frame, and each fan frame can be installed and
dismounted independently. Each fan is equipped with a detection terminal to check
whether the fan is running normally or not.
Note : The fan frame is installed on the right of the MA5103 chassis for heat
dissipation.

Board configuration in the service frame

An MA5100 frame has 16 slots, numbered from 0 to 15. The main control board MMX is
designed to be installed in slot 7 and slot 8 only, and the service boards are installed in the
rest 14 slots. The backplane and the MMX are mandatory, while other service boards
can be configured flexibly depending on the actual needs. The board
configuration in the MA5100 service frame is shown in Figure 2-3.
Table 2-1 lists all the boards that are supported in the MA5100, as well as the
functions of the boards.
Functions and Service Flow
The functionalities of the MA5100 are implemented through standard and independent
hardware and software modules. They make the system structure clear, scalable, easy
to maintain, and easy to upgrade. Through coordination among the functional
modules, the MA5100 is capable of supporting abundant access services and
flexible networking modes.

System Functions
The MA5100 consists of the following function modules in terms of hardware:

 Main control module (MMX)

 IP service process module

 Service modules, including ADSL service, SHDSL service, LAN service

modules

 Subtending modules, including master-slave subtending module and remote

subtending module

 Maintenance and test modules, including broadband test module and

environment supervision & control (ESC) module. Figure 3-1 illustrates
the system architecture of the MA5100.
The backplane is the bridge that connects all the functional modules. The MMX
communicates with all the functional modules through the backplane, and implements
control, management, and service switching on the MA5100.The following
describes the compositions and functions of the modules.

Main Control Module

This module consists of the MMX board, the sub boards and the
corresponding software. The module is the core to implement service
convergence and switching, as well as device control and management. Its
functions are as follows:

I. Service switching and management

 The MMX converges the ATM cell flows from the service modules, and
transmits them to the backbone network through the broadband
uplink interfaces. It also provides interconnection between the service
ports of the MA5100 through its service switching function.

 The MMX is designed based on ATM technology, and possesses power full
management functions on services at ATM layer. The MMX is able to
provide QoS for subscribers through congestion management,
flow shaping and setting of flow policies.
II. System control, maintenance and management

 The MMX controls and manages the whole MA5100 system, and provides alarm
management and fault diagnosis for the device. Working with the ESC module,
the MMX can monitor the running states of the device.

 The MMX supports loading of data and program, and provides Stratum
3 clock for the system.

 The MMX supports F4 and F5 Operation Administration and Maintenance (OAM)

flows, such as Continuity Check, Alarm Indication Signal, Remote
Defect Indication, and Loopback.

 The MMX provides maintenance serial port (CON) and Ethernet port
(ETH) to facilitate maintenance from a terminal or the NMS. It also
provides a monitoring port (MON) that connects with the ESC module
to implement monitoring and alarm management for the device.

III. ATM interface

 MMX can provide multiple interfaces through the attached sub boards,
such asSTM-4 optical interfaces, STM-1 optical/electrical interfaces,
OC-3c/STS-3cinterfaces, E3 interfaces and IMA interfaces.

 The first 155M of active/standby MMX uplink interface supports

Multiplex Section Protection (MSP) function, enabling SDH line
monitoring and protection. When the optical path connected to the
first optical interface on active MMX goes wrong, the system
will automatically switch the services through this path to that
connected to the first optical interface on standby MMX. MA5103 does
not support the MSP function.

 All the above interfaces support user-network interface and network-

network interface. The MMX board can hold two sub boards. Table 3-1 lists all
the sub boards supported on the MMX
IP Service Process Module

This module consists of the LAND board, the related sub boards and the corresponding
software. The LAND is used to terminate the ATM PVC and map the ATM cells with the
Ethernet frames. The sub boards are used to provide IP uplink interfaces to send such
Ethernet frames to the IP network, so that the MA5100 is able to provide IP-
DSLAM solutions. The LAND supports Internet Group Management Protocol
(IGMP) and IGMP Snooping, and supports multicast services. Working with the
MMX and the multicast routers on the upper layer, the LAND provides video
multicast services for xDSL subscribers. This module:

 Supports Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) and IGMP Snooping to

provide video multicast services for xDSL subscribers.

 Supports restriction on maximum number of MAC address learning on

each PVC.

 Provides a variety of IP uplink ports by attaching different sub boards.

Among the interfaces, FE port supports the Trunk function, and each
group binds 2 to 4ports.

 Supports the port-based IEEE 802.1q VLAN management, up to 4096 VLANscan

be made available.
  Supports CAR and the IEE 802.1p priority management to guarantee
the service QoS.

 A maximum of two LAND boards are supported to uplink the services.

Table 3-2 lists all the FE/GE uplink interface sub boards that are supported on the
LAND board.

ADSL Service Module

This module provides ADSL interfaces that are based on telephone lines (ADSL
over POTS) and based on ISDN lines (ADSL over ISDN). Working with the ATU-R, it
provides ADSL access for subscribers. The ADSL service takes different
frequency bands from those used by POTS/ISDN services, so ADSL over
POTS/ISDN does not affect normal POTS/ISDN services on the lines. The ADSL
service module consists of the ADSL service process module and the splitter. In actual
application, all the upstream signals from the subscribers are sent to the
splitter, which separates the ADSL signals from the POTS/ISDN signals, and
sends the ADSL signals to the ADSL service process module. The ADSL service process
module implements Discrete Multi-Tone (DMT) modulation/demodulation on the signals,
adapts ATM cell rates, de-multiplexes and multiplexes the ADSL signals, and then sends
the data to the CELL BUS. The downstream ADSL service data are sent to the ADSL
service process module from the CELL BUS, and become ADSL signals after the
process, and then sent to the ATU-R device through the POTS/ISDN lines.
The following table lists all the boards that are supported on the ADSL service
module.

The ADSL service module:

 Separates ADSL service from POTS/ISDN services. Supports over-current

and over-voltage protection on the ports, and prevents damage to
the device by surge current, lightning strike and accidental contact
with power lines;

 ADSL Service module provides ADSL interfaces and ADSL2+ interfaces.

Compared with ADSL interfaces, ADSL2+ interfaces feature in their high
speed, and long transmission distance function;

 Adopts DMT modulation and demodulation to support

asymmetric transmission rates on the upstream and downstream lines;

 Provides the capture function and coordinates with the broadband

test device to provide the function of testing ADSL lines

LAN Service Module

This module consists of the LAND board, and the corresponding software. This
module provides the LAN subscribers with accesses to the Internet and
isolates different subscribers through VLAN, so as to provide broadband
connection to the Internet and interconnection between leased
line subscribers.

In LAN access application, the FE interfaces on the LAND receive the

upstream Ethernet frames from the LAN subscribers. After that, the Ethernet
frames are encapsulated based on RFC1483 (Bridged) and mapped as ATM cell flow.
The ATM cell flow is sent through the CELL BUS on the backplane to the MMX, and sent to
the upper-layer network. The downstream ATM cell flow from the CELL BUS is restored
into Ethernet frames on the LAND, and then sent to the LAN subscribers.

This module supports:

 various Ethernet interfaces like FE optical/electrical interface and GE

optical port;

 Trunk function on the FE port, in which each group supports the binding
of two to four ports;

 auto-detection on Straight-through cable and Crossover cable on

the ports;

 port mirror; broadcasting, multicasting, and compression on unknown

unicast packet;

 port-based IEEE 802.1q VLAN management, and supports a maximum of

32VLANs;

 4096 ATM connections (PVCs);

 Flow shaping for leased line subscribers through buffer, queuing and dispatching.
LAND provides the following types of interfaces.

ISU Module

The ISU (Intelligent Service Unit) module consists of the ISU board and the
corresponding software. The module is used in IP-DSLAM networking for
subscriber authentication, accounting and management.

The ISU:

 Supports VLAN and PPPoE, provides multiple authentication modes

(port binding authentication, Web authentication and fast Web
authentication) for fixed line and wireless subscribers;
  Classified control on access services according to domain and user
name;

 Possesses high speed forwarding, data switching, route processing and

management functions on subscriber and device;

 Provides accounting data based on traffic or time;

 Provides RADIUS-based accounting information. ISU is able to store
50,000tickets in local memory, or send the accounting information to
the AAA server at any time;

 Supports static or dynamic allocation and management of IP

addresses;

 Supports IGMP, and implements management on multicasting subscriber groups

together with the LAND.

SHDSL Service Module

This module consists of the SHLA and the corresponding software. It connects with
remote STU device through twisted pair cables to provide symmetric high-
speed leased line service. It is designed to meet the needs of small to medium
enterprises and SOHO broadband subscribers. The interfaces on the boards are shown
below.

In SHDSL access application, SHLA processes the SHDSL signals, and maps the
asynchronous ATM cell flow with synchronous SHDSL channel. It maps the payload in the
upstream SHDSL frames into ATM cell flows, and sends them to the CELLBUS. The
downstream cell flows are mapped into the payload of the SHDSL frame in octets, and
then extracted at the opposite end. Error detection on the header is also
implemented.

Functions of the SHDSL service module include the following:

 The board provides 32 dual-line loop interfaces in TC-PAM mode and

symmetrical transmission mode. The transmission rate for the dual-line
SHDSL is 192kbit/s to 2312kbit/s. The SHDSL line rate is auto-adjustable
according to transmission and noise level. The step to adjust the dual-
line SHDSL is 8kbit/s;

 The SHLA supports binding of the adjacent two ports, and works with
the corresponding terminal devices to provide 2-pair (4-line) SHDSL
solutions, with a rate from 384kbit/s to 4624kbit/s;
 It supports ITU-T Recommendation G.991.2 Annex A and Annex B;

 The SRU or STU-R derives power supply from external power unit. The SHL
Aboard communicates with the external power unit and performs
remote monitoring on the power supply;

 It queries port parameters including the upstream and downstream

service rates, noise margin, output power and line attenuation;

 Online upgrading of firmware and board software to support remote

maintenance and upgrading;

 It supports report of board alarm and line alarm, including states alarm
for line interfaces, and abnormality alarm on remote power supply on
subscriber interface;
 Each SHDSL interface supports multiple PVCs.

Remote Subtending Module

The module consists of the AIUA board, the sub boards, the IMUB board, and the
corresponding software. It is used in networking of multiple MA5100 devices or
for interconnection with other ATM devices.

I. AIUA
AIUA provides multiple ATM interfaces by attaching different sub boards for subtending
connection with the remote ATM devices. The following table lists the types and
functions of the sub boards supported by AIUA.
Functions of the AIUA remote subtending module are as follows:

 AIUA supports two sub boards, and provides one to four STM-1
optical/electrical interfaces, one to four OC-3c/STS-3c interfaces, one
to four E3 interfaces, and eight E1 IMA reversed multiplexing interfaces;

 ATM ports support UNI/NNI modes;

 VPI/VCI value ranges support stepless adjustment, in which VPI ranges

from 1to 256, and VPI %VCI remains constantly at 16,384;

 Supports conversion of cell VPI/VCI, and different UNI interfaces are

able to use the same VPI/VCI repeatedly;

 Supports optional flow statistics according to connection or physical

port;

 Provides external memory that is able to store 512k cells, and provides
shared queue structure that implements dispatch management on each
connection;
  Supports CBR, rt-VBR, nrt-VBR and UBR. Multiple dispatch algorithms
are given for different services, in order to provide efficient flow control,
flow shaping, congestion management and QoS for each connection;

 Supports optional Early Packet Discard (EPD)/ Partial Packet Discard

(PPD)function, and supports optional process on the Explicit Forward
Congestion Indication (EFCI);

 Provides OAM loopback, continuity check and error indication for all
connections.

II. IMUB
The IMUB provides the E1 IMA interface for subtending connection with
remoteMA5100 devices (such as MA5105), or for connection with other ATM devices
that provide the standard IMA interface. Downstream: IMUB receives ATM cells from the
source port through CELL BUS which are DE multiplexed into multiple E1 links and
transmitted to remote ATM devices. Upstream: IMUB receives ATM cells that are
DE multiplexed into multiple E1 links and transmitted from remote devices, restores
these cells into an ATM cell flow, and transmits them to the destination port
through CELL BUS. Functions of the IMUB remote subtending module are as
follows:

 Provides 16 E1 IMA interfaces and supports a maximum of 8 IMA

groups;

 VPI/VCI value ranges support stepless adjustment, in which VPI ranges

from 1to 256, and VPI%VCI remains constantly at 16,384;

 Supports conversion of cell VPI/VCI, and different UNI interfaces are

able to use the same VPI/VCI repeatedly;

 Supports optional flow statistics according to connection or physical

port;

 Supports CBR, rt-VBR, nrt-VBR and UBR. Multiple dispatch algorithms

are given for different services, in order to provide efficient flow control,
flow shaping congestion management and QoS for each connection;

 Supports optional Early Packet Discard (EPD)/ Partial Packet Discard

(PPD) function, and supports optional process on the Explicit Forward
Congestion Indication (EFCI).
Master-slave Subtending Module
The MA5100 supports master-slave subtending by subtending slave frames to
theMA5100 master frame, in order to expand the system capacity for ADSL
subscribers.

The master-slave subtending module consists of the SEPA board, the SMXB board, the
SEPL board, the SMXL board, and corresponding software, and supports the SEPA/SMXB
and SEPL/SMXL subtending modes.

Table 3-8 describes the boards on the master-slave subtending module.

Compared with SEPA/SMXB, SEPL/SMXL has these characteristics:

 Enhances the slave frame’s capacity to support multicast for ADSL

subscribers;

 Has more flexible networking mode, supporting MA5100- and MA5103-typeslave

frames, and SEPA/SMXB only supports MA5100-type slave frames.

Functions of the master-slave subtending module are as follows:

 High speed electrical interface subtending: uses LVDS high speed serial
differential signals to implement the subtending; each frame provides
upstream bandwidth of 90Mbit/s, and downstream bandwidth of 180Mbit/s;

 STM-1 interface subtending: each frame provides upstream and

downstream bandwidths of 149Mbit/s;

 The master and slave frames are subtended by using the star topology.
This ensures the master/slave frames work independently, thus
maintaining high service reliability;

 Supports SEPA/SEPL redundancy hot backup, thus maintaining high

service reliability.
Broadband Test Module

The MA5100 provides a built-in broadband test module to detect the state of the xDSL
lines. This module consists of the BTSB and the corresponding software
program. It tests the state of the xDSL lines following the instructions given by
the NMS, the carrier’s broadband test management system, or MMX
according to the specific networking mode. The test results are not only the
basis for activating a subscriber line, but also used to locate the failure
that occurs on the subscriber line or the office side. The broadband test
module supports digital multi-meter test (DMM), central office(CO) emulation
test, and cable quality test (CQT). The MA5100 also provides test bus
interface, so that external test equipment is able to be used to test the xDSL lines.

Service Flow
The following introduces some of the most typical service flows of
the MA5100.

xDSL Access Service Flow

The MA5100 provides ADSL and SHDSL accesses. Figure 3-2 shows the service flow.

I. Upstream

 ADSL/SHDSL (ATM-based) receives the xDSL signals from ATU-R/STU-R;

 ADSL/SHDSL converts the xDSL signals into ATM cell flow;

  In the case of ATM-DSLAM network, ATM cell flow is sent to MMX, then
to the upper layer ATM network through the ATM interface, and
implements ATM-DSLAM application;

 In the case of IP-DSLAM, the ATM cell flow is sent to LAND where it is
converted into Ethernet frame, then sent to the upper layer IP network
through the IP interface on the LAND. In this way, the IP-DSLAM
application is implemented. When congestion occurs in the network,
LAND can dispatch the upstream Ethernet frame based on the set
802.1p priority level, thereby ensuring the IP service QoS.

II. Downstream

In the case of ATM-DSLAM, xDSL service data (in the form of ATM cell flow)
are sent to the MA5100 through the uplink interfaces on MMX. The xDSL
service data are converted into ATM frames by the MMX, and sent to xDSL;

In the case of IP-DSLAM, the xDSL data (Ethernet frame) is sent to LAND, then
sent to MA5100 through the upstream interface on the LAND. Land converts
Ethernet frame into ATM frame and sends xDSL through its cell bus. When
congestion occurs in the network, LAND can dispatch the downstream
Ethernet frame based on the set 802.1p priority level, thereby ensuring the IP
service QoS.

After being processed by xDSL, ATM cell flow is converted into xDSL signals,
and sent to the remote ATU-R/STU-R.