17/10/2021

Activity 1
Readings in
Philippine History

Instructions for the Activity:

SUBSTANTIAL NO NEED FOR LONG

ANSWERS WILL BE ANSWERS.
GRADED. A CONCISE, BRIEF OR SUMMATIVE
ANSWER WILL BE ENOUGH.
COPY PASTE ANSWERS ARE SUBJECT
TO THE MAXIMUM GRADE OF ONLY
70% OUT OF 100. DO THIS ASSIGNMENT
FAITHFULLY AND
REWARDS WILL BE HEFTY.
OBSERVE GRAMMAR, SENTENCE CONSTRUCTION, SPELLING AND BASIC WRITING
SKILLS. FAILURE TO OBSERVE THEM RESULTS TO DEDUCTION FROM YOUR GRADE. NO
SPEEDGRADER WILL BE USED IN CHECKING YOUR SUBMISSIONS EACH WILL BE
CHECKED INDIVIDUALLY.

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Hello!
I am Castor R. Torres
Bachelor of Science in Tourism
Management
Section 1B
Northwestern University

1.
LOOPHOLES OF PHILIPPINE HISTORY
PROVIDE KEY AREAS WHICH FACTS WERE
REFUTED IN LIEU OF ADDITIONAL PROOF OR
EVIDENCE OF HISTORICAL INFORMATION AND
SOURCES. (15%) CITE ONLY 5 INSTANCES IN
PHILIPPINE HISTORY. THIS IS ALSO KNOWN AS
THE LOOPHOLES IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY.

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1st Key Area:

Battle of
Mactan

Did Lapu-Lapu kill Magellan?

It is known that Lapu-Lapu,

the ruler of Mactan who is
said to have killed Magellan in
the battle.
However, according to Fiel
Estrella of CNN, it’s
impossible to tell whether
Magellan did lose his life
directly at the hands of Lapu-
Lapu, who may be less young
and vital than he is commonly
depicted.

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2nd Key
Area:
The
Sanduguan

“El Pacto de Sangre”

History: The first treaty

between the Philippines
and another country
happened on March 16,
1565, when Rajah
Sikatuna made a blood
compact (“Sanduguan”)
with Miguel López de
Legazpi in the presence of
other conquistadors.

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“
TRUTH:
Although largely believed as true, the blood compact between Miguel López
de Legazpi and Rajah Sikatuna was not the first in the country.

On March 28, 1521, Magellan and his men reached Limasawa (some
historians claim they landed in Masao, Butuan), which was then governed by
Rajah Kolambu. He had a brother named Rajah Siaui (or Rajah Siagu) of
Butuan. The next day, March 29, Kolambu agreed to enter into a blood
compact of friendship (casi-casi) with Magellan.

3rd Key
Area:
Ang Aking
Mga Kabata
ni Dr. Jose
Rizal

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First Writing of Jose Rizal
What we know: Jose Rizal wrote
“Sa Aking Mga Kabata” in his
childhood.
The poem “Sa Aking Mga
Kabata,” written in Tagalog
about embracing one’s native
language, is often attributed to
Dr. Jose Rizal, who supposedly
wrote it when he was seven
years old — “proof,” according
to some, of his precocious
nature and love of country.
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TRUTH: Historians such as
Ambeth Ocampo, however,
have researched and written in
opposition of this, stating that
there’s no evidence (whether it
be a manuscript, a published
byline, or an assertion from
Rizal himself) supporting Rizal’s
authorship of the work. In
addition to this, Rizal did not
have a strong enough
command of Tagalog to match
the fluency of the poem.
4th Key
Area:
No Massacres
during Martial
Law
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“No Massacres” during Martial Law?

TRUTH: There were at least

two massacres reported
between 1972 and 1981: the
Palimbang massacre or the
Malisbong massacre in
Palimbang, Sultan Kudarat;
and a massacre that took
place in Bingcul village in
Mindanao on November 12,
1977. Both happened in
Mindanao, and both were
committed against Muslim
communities.

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5th Key
Area:
Freedom
during Martial
Law

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Filipinos “free to roam, can watch news” during Martial Law?

TRUTH: Historical records

and personal testimonies
show that personal
freedoms and media
access were restricted
when Marcos imposed
Martial Law nationwide
starting in September
1972.

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2.
HISTORICAL REVISIONISM
DISCUSS THE CONCEPT OF HISTORICAL
REVISIONISM.

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HISTORICAL REVISIONISM
It is the revisiting of the sources of a historical record or period with
a different perspective or new data that could alter how we see it.

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Historical Revisionism

▧ The origin of revisionism is political.

▧ There are two aspects: the positive and the negative
aspects. And the purpose to revisit history is the
determining test.
▧ Historical revisionism is either the legitimate re-
examination of existing knowledge or the distortion
of events which, if it constitutes the denial of
historical crimes, it is also called NEGATIONISM.

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Historical Revisionism

▧ If the objective is to know and interpret history

better, the aspect is positive.
▧ But if the purpose is to come clean, most especially
in politics, such is a negative aspect of historical
revisionism which raises doubts as to revised history.

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3.
PHILIPPINE HISTORIOGRAPHY
EXPLAIN THE NARRATIVES OF PHILIPPINE
HISTORIOGRAPHY. 2 SENTENCES ENOUGH FOR
EACH OF FOUR CHARACTERISTICS. (10%)

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PHILIPPINE HISTORIOGRAPHY

Political Narratives Elite-centric Perspectives

It writes about politicians as the The contributions of the upper
independent actors of nation- class of society in nation-building
building. It remains to highlight are highlighted in history.
politicians victories. Ordinary people are disregarded.

Colonial History Patriarchal Organization Emphasis on Lowland

Writings and readings mostly
start from the colonial period
only. Historiography should also
focus on the pre-colonial era.
This focuses on heroism of men
only. Women as heroes should be
highlighted too.
Christianized Filipinos
In relation to Colonial History,
Christianized Filipinos are
highlighted. Writings on our
native religions need to be
featured more.

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4.
NATIONAL HERO
IF YOU LOOK AT THE HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE,
WHO AMONG OUR HEROES DESERVES TO BE.
THE "NATIONAL HERO"( OPINION QUESTION)
10%

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National Hero: Andres Bonifacio
▧ Andres Bonifacio
deserves to be the
National Hero.
▧ Although Jose Rizal
inspired Bonifacio, the
Katipunan and the
Revolution, Andres
Bonifacio fearlessly
took arms against the
Spanish regime.
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Andres
Bonifacio
▧ While Jose Rizal
displayed his heroism
through his writings, it
was not enough to
gain independence
from the colonialism.
▧ Andres Bonifacio
fought aggressively in
the hopes of gaining
freedom.
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5.
PRINCESS URDUJA
DEBATE CAME AMONG THE HISTORIANS THAT THIS MIGHT
BE THE ANSWER TO THE STORY OF THE WARRIOR
PRINCESS, URDUJA, WHILE SOME WERE AGAINST
CONCLUDING SUCH FACT AND THAT FURTHER PROOF IS
NEEDED. IF YOU ARE ONE OF THE HISTORIANS HOW WILL
YOU DECIDE? (50%)

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Princess Urduja
▧ FOR MANY YEARS NOT MUCH IS KNOWN ABOUT THE TRUTHFULNESS OF
THE STORY OF PRINCESS URDUJA, ONE OF LITERATURE'S WARRIOR
PRINCESS", RECORDS IN THE FORM OF ARTIFACTS, WRITING, JEWELRY,
STEELES, CLOTHING, AND OTHER VALUABLE MATERIALS OF HISTORICAL
VALUE WERE UNEARTHED IN AN AREA BORDERING PANGASINAN AND
TARLAC. HISTORIANS FROM ALL OVER THE COUNTRY WERE ASSIGNED TO
THE SITE FOR EXPLORATION AND EXCAVATION, IT WAS FOUND OUT THAT
THERE WAS AN ANCIENT CIVILIZATION THERE, ONE IN WHICH FOR EVERY
GENERATION THERE WAS A SAINTESS THAT WOULD LEAD THEIR ARMIES TO
WAR. BOOKS RECOUNTING THE TALES OF THE SAINTESS WERE ALSO
FOUND, AND A DIARY WAS FOUND BELONGING TO A PERSON NAMED
ORDA, SHE NARRATES THAT SHE BELONGS TO A LONG LINE OF WARRIORS
DEFENDING THEIR LANDS, THEIR LANDS ARE FAR AND WIDE STRETCHING
THE AREA OF DISCOVERY TOWARDS THE ISLANDS OF JAVA, INDONESIA IN
WHICH THE CENTRE OF THEIR LINE WAS LOCATED. CARBON DATING
SUGGESTS THAT THESE HAPPENED ROUGHLY 500,000 THOUSAND YEARS
AGO.

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PRINCESS
URDUJA

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Existence of Princess Urduja

▧ If I were one of the historians, I would decide that
further proof is needed as to the truth of the story of
Princess Urduja.
▧ The books and diaries found should be pass through
rigid and strict research and examinations.
▧ There needs to be more archaeological evidence to
prove the truth.
▧ Other historians also say that "The researchers aren't
conclusive, given the fact that the Philippine history has
only been covered in writing for the last 500 years.”

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Thank you!
Fiat Lux

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