7 Operating Temperature and

Bearing Specifications
6.2 Rotational Speed Adjustment Due
to Shaft Fit 7.1 Operating Temperature Range
A marginal degree of clearance is typically used to The operating temperature of a ball bearing unit depends
facilitate easy installation of a bearing to a shaft. The on the type of grease, the material of the seal, and the
amount of clearance between the bearing and shaft must internal clearance of the bearing.
be factored in to determine the maximum allowable rota- FYH Ball Bearing Units are available in high temperature
tional speed, and as rotational speed is increased, the (D1K2, D9K2) and low temperature (D2K2) series, in
amount of clearance must be decreased. addition to the standard models, to allow selection of the
correct bearing for your operational temperature (see Table
Table 6.2 shows the factor that must be used to correct 2.1).
the allowable rotational speed. The maximum rotational The correct unit must be chosen for the desired tempera-
speed is determined by multiplying the speed found in ture range, and it is equally important to use the appropri-
Table 6.1 by the factors below. This table includes the multi- ate grease according to the specified schedule.
plying factors for set screw bearings as well as bearings
with adapters and eccentric locking collars. Due to the
characteristics of bearings with adapters, a loose fit, h8 or 7.2 Operating Temperature and Internal
h9, is acceptable. Bearings with eccentric locking collars Clearance of Bearings
function optimally with less clearance and therefore, an h5
or j5 fit is recommended to achieve the maximum allowable When bearings are operated in a high ambient tempera-
speed. ture environment, or when the operating temperature is
high because of rotational speed, differential expansion
Table 6.2 Fitting factor of ball bearing units f c rates occur within the bearing components. This causes
(recommended) higher friction, grease breakdown, and eventual seizure.
If the temperature difference between the inner and outer
Fitting factor f c ring is known, or can be approximated, then the following
Type of ball Formula (7.1) may be applied.
Shaft tolerance range class
bearing units Under these conditions, decrease in the internal clear-
h5, j5 j6 h6 h7 h8 h9
ance must be calculated, and the internal clearance of
With set screws bearing needs to be selected properly.
Standard type − 1 1 0.8 0.5 0.2
LⅢ type St1 = α · De · 3t ⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅ (7.1)
− − − 1 1 0.9
(Suffix code: L3)
Heat resistant type Whereas,
− − − 1 1 0.7
(Suffix code: D1K2) St1: Decrease in the internal clearance of bearings
Cold resistant type depending on the difference in the tempera-
− − − 1 1 0.7
(Suffix code: D2K2) tures of the bearing inner ring and the bearing
For high speed outer ring can be found by formula, mm
− 1 0.8 0.6 − −
(Suffix code: K3) α: Line expansion factor of bearing steel,
For blower 12.5 × 10−6
1 − 0.8 0.6 − −
(Suffix code: S3 · S5) De: Raceway dia. of bearing outer ring, mm
With adapters − − − − 1 1 Diameter series 2, X ⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅ De 0.92 D
With eccentric locking collar 1 − − − − − Diameter series 3 ⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅ De 0.9 D
NU concentric locking collar D: Nominal bearing outer dia., mm
3t: Difference in temperatures of bearing inner ring
and outer ring, ºC

If a ball bearing unit is used in a high temperature envi-

ronment, an abnormal load will result due to thermal
expansion of the shaft. This must be compensated for by
allowing free movement of one side of the shaft.
(See “9 Design of Shaft and Base”)

47
 8 Strength of Housings

8 Strength of Housings
P2 PX, 3
FYH bearings can withstand very high loads due to the
use of only high quality material and excellent design. B B
However, when high static or impact loads are encoun- D D
tered, the load capacity of the bearing must be determined.
The housing design is such that it can withstand loads C C E
from any angle; however the bearing is strongest with a
direct downward load through the base of the unit. For
loads in other directions, the allowable load must be deter- A A
mined specifically for the direction in question.
Rigidity of the base and flatness of the mounting surface 500 Direction A
also influence the housing strength. The equipment P200
450
designer or installer must examine and perform calcula-
tions for the complete supporting structure of the bearing. 400

Static rupture strength kN

350
Direction C
8.1 Strength of Cast Iron Housings 300
250
Although gray cast iron has many superior characteris-
tics, it may fail under impact loads, particularly in a low 200 Direction B
temperature environment. 150
Direction D
Table 8.1 shows the applicable design safety factors for 100
gray cast iron. Fig. 8.1 to 8.7 show the static rupture Direction E
strength of the various housing types. 50
0
Table 8.1 Safety factor of gray cast iron products P203 P206 P209 P212 P215 P218
(recommended)
Housing No.
Property of load Safety factor of gray cast iron Remarks The graph value “Direction of A” is a reference
Static load 4 value.
With vibration 10
700
With impact 15 PX00
600 Direction A
Static rupture strength kN

8.2 Strength of Ductile Cast Iron Housings 500

Direction C
The high-strength ductile cast iron series has the same 400
shape and dimensions as the standard gray cast iron
series, but is acceptable in environments where high- 300
strength is required. Direction B
Table 8.2 shows safety factors of the load on ductile cast 200
Direction D
iron housings, and tables 8.8 to 8.11 show the approximate
rupture strength of pillow type, flange type, and take-up 100 Direction E
type housings.
0
PX07 PX05 PX08 PX11 PX14 PX13
PX17PX20
Table 8.2 Safety factor of ductile cast iron (recommended)
Housing No.
Property of load Safety factor of ductile cast iron
Static load 3 1,600
P300
With vibration 5
1,400 Direction A
With impact 10
Static rupture strength kN

1,200

1,000 Direction C

800

600 Direction B

400 Direction D
200 Direction E

0
P305 P309 P313 P317 P321 P328
Housing No.
Fig. 8.1 Static rupture strength of pillow type housing (P)
48
 B
D

C E

400 Direction A 1,400

IP200 IP300
360
1,200 Direction A
320
Static rupture strength kN

Static rupture strength kN

280 1,000

240 Direction C
800 Direction C
200
600
160
Direction B Direction B
120 400
Direction D Direction D
80
Direction E 200 Direction E
40
0 0
IP208 IP209 IP210 IP211 IP212 IP213 IP313 IP315 IP317 IP319 IP322 IP328
Housing No. Housing No.

Fig. 8.2 Static rupture strength of thick pillow type housings (IP)

B
B

C E
C E

A A

200 200
PA200 Direction A PH200 Direction A
180 180
160 160
Static rupture strength kN

Static rupture strength kN

140 Direction C 140

120 120
100 100
Direction B
80 80
60 60 Direction B
Direction E
40 40 Direction C
Direction E
20 20
0 0
PA204 PA206 PA208 PA210 PH204 PH206 PH208 PH210
Housing No. Housing No.

Fig. 8.3 Static rupture strength of tapped base pillow type Fig. 8.4 Static rupture strength of High-Base pillow type
housings (PA) housings (PH)

49