University of Maryland MS in Telecommunications Program Sample Placement Test ENTS 622: Introduction to Digital Communications Systems

1. A fair coin is tossed three times. What is the probability of getting 2 heads and 1 tail (in arbitrary order)? a) 1/4 b) 1/8 c) 3/4 d) 3/8 2. What is the 2-point inverse Discrete Fourier Transform of the sequence a) 0 = 2, 1 = 2 b) 0 = 0, 1 = 1 c) 0 = 2, 1 = 0 d) 0 = 1, 1 = 3 0 = 2, 1 = 2?

3. If a random process is ergodic, it means that a) its second order statistics is time-invariant. b) its expected value is zero. c) its power spectral density does not exist. d) its statistical averages can be determined from its sample averages. 4. If a discrete-time noise process is white, it means that a) the noise samples are not correlated. b) the noise samples have Gaussian distribution. c) the noise samples have zero mean. d) the noise samples are correlated. 5. If the impulse response of a root raised cosine filter is convolved with itself, we obtain a a) rectangular impulse response. b) raised cosine impulse response. c) triangular impulse response. d) Dirac delta impulse response.

6. By comparing the following two binary signal constellations

we can conclude that a) constellation X has both better bit error rate performance and higher average power. b) constellation X has better bit error rate performance, but constellation Y has higher average power. c) constellations X and Y have the same bit error rate performance, and constellation Y has higher average power. d) constellations X and Y have the same bit error rate performance, and constellation X has higher average power. 7. Consider the following binary differential encoder:

symbol represents a memory element introducing one sample delay at its output, and the The symbol stands for the binary exclusive or operation. Assuming that the initial value of the memory element is 1 (one), what is the output of this differential encoder if the input sequence is = 0,1,1,0,1 ? a) = 0,1,0,0,1 b) = 1,0,0,0,1 c) = 1,1,0,0,1 d) = 1,0,1,1,0

8. The unit of spectral efficiency is a) bits/second/Hertz b) Hertz c) bits/second d) bits/Hertz 9. An amplitude-modulated carrier wave modulating the baseband information signal carrier frequency and amplitude sensitivity can be mathematically described as + a) = cos 2 b) = 1+ cos 2 c) = cos 2 + d) = 1+ cos 2 + 10. What is the Hamming distance between code words a) 3 b) 2 c) 1 d) 0 Solutions: 1. d, 2. c, 3. d, 4. a, 5. b, 6. c, 7. d, 8. a, 9. b, 10. b = 0,1,1,0,1,1 and = 1,1,1,0,0,1 ? with