ABHAY MAHAJAN

B.Tech. IIT Roorkee

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Content Creator :

Sahil Jindal

Subject Expert Maths, Vedantu

B.Tech, NIT Kurukshetra

4 Year JEE Teaching

Experience.
 Types of Functional Equation

Type 1 : Based on Standard Results

Type 2 : Converting ONE Functional equation to TWO

Type 3 : Observation and Trail Based

Type 1 : Based
on Standard
Results
 Standard Functional Equation Results:

For a non zero function f(x), we have

(a) f(xy) = f(x) + f(y) ⇒ f(x) = k ln x
(b) f(xy) = f(x) + f(y) ⇒ f(x) = xn
(c) f(x + y) = f(x) × f(y) ⇒ f(x) = ax
(d) f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y) ⇒ f(x) = kx
(e)

and f(x) is a polynomial then f(x) = ± xn + 1

Q1. If f(x + y) = f(x). f(y), ∀ x & y ∈ N and f(1) = 2, then the
value of is

A 2036

B 2046

C 1023

D 1024
Q1. If f(x + y) = f(x). f(y), ∀ x & y ∈ N and f(1) = 2, then the
value of is

A 2036

B 2046

C 1023

D 1024
Solution:
Q2. If g(x) g(y) = g(x) + g(y) + g(xy) – 2 ∀ x, y and g(2) = 5
then find g(x) if its given to be a polynomial.
Solution:

Put x = 1, y = 2, we get g(x) = ± xn + 1

g(1) g(1) = g(1) + g(2) + g(2) – 2 But g(2) = 5
5g(1) = g(1) + 5 + 5 – ∴n=2
4g (1) = 8 g(x) = x2 + 1
g (1) = 2
 JEE Mains 2020

Q3. If f (x + y) = f(x) f (y) and where N

is the set of all natural number, then the value of is

D
 JEE Mains 2020

Q3. If f (x + y) = f(x) f (y) and where N

is the set of all natural number, then the value of is

D
Solution:
Type 2 : Converting ONE
Functional equation to
TWO
Q4. If 2f (x) + f(1 – x) = x2 ∀ x then find f(x).
Solution:
Q5. Let f be a real-valued function such that
Then find f(x).
Solution:
Q6. A continuous function f(x) on R → R satisfies the
relation f(x) + f (2x + y) + 5xy = f(3x – y) + 2x2 +1 ∀ x, y ∈ R
then find f(x).
Solution:
We have,
f(x) + f(2x + y) + 5xy = f(3x – y) + 2x2 + 1 ∀ x, y ∈ R ….(1)
To get function we should eliminate f(2x + y) and f(3x – y).
For that let 2x + y = 3x – y
Type 3 :
Observation and
Trails Based
Q7. Find all the functions f : R → R that satisfy
f(y + x) - f(y - x) = 4yx, for all x, y ∈ R .
Solution:
If we let y = x, we get that f(2y) - f(0) = 4y2
and taking f(0) = c, we obtain
f(2y) = 4y2 + c.
Now, if we let 2y = x, we get that the
solution of the functional equation is of the
form f(x) = x2 + c. It is easy to see that these
functions satisfy equation.
Q8. The function f assigns to each non-negative integer
n, the non-negative integer f(n), such that:
(i) f(nm) = f(n) + f(m), for n, m ≥ 0.
(ii) f (n) = 0 if the units digit of n is 3.
(iii) f (10) = 0.
Find the value of f (1985).
Solution:
First observe that since f(10) = 0 and
f(10) = f (5) + f(2), then f(5) + f(2) = 0, but
f(n) is non-negative, then f(5) = 0 and
f(2) = 0. On the other hand,
f(9) = f(3) + f(3) = 0. Then, given that
1985 = 5. 397, it follows that f (1985) = 0,
since
f (1985) = f(5) + f(397)
= 0 + f (397)
= f(9) + f (397)
= f(9. 397)
= f(3573) = 0
Q9. Find all function f: R+ →R+ that satisfy
for all x y ∈ R+ .
Solution:

Taking x = y = 1 in the original equation, it

follows that f(1)2 – f(1) = 2, then f(1) = 2.
Now, if we let y = 1,
we get f(x)f(1) – f(x) =
then f(x) = And it is clear that
satisfies the equation.
Q10. Let f be an non-decreasing real function defined for
all x, and for 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, satisfying the conditions
and f(1 – x) = 1 – f(x). Find
Solution:
SAWAAL
Q11. Let
y ≠ 0 and f(0) = 0 then the value of f(1) + f(2) =

Note: Solution at the End

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8th Jan 2020-(Shift 1)
Q11. Let
y ≠ 0 and f(0) = 0 then the value of f(1) + f(2) =
Solution: